The Origin of Usurpation and Tyranny: Nonagentic Anti-Imperialism of the Twenty-First Century and the Legacy of Chavismo

As Venezuela’s Chavista regime presides over the country’s descent into Latin America’s worst refugee and humanitarian crisis in modern times, a mass exodus of nearly five million Venezuelans since 2015, the rhetoric of Western anti-imperialists and the regime itself has absolved it of any responsibility for the crisis and the increasing authoritarianism that led to it by abdicating the regime\u27s agency to act according to its own free will. This paper develops the discursive concept of nonagentic anti-imperialism, a rhetoric that effectively absolves self-declared anti-imperialist regimes, from Castro’s Cuba to Rajapaksa’s Sri Lanka, of human rights abuses and democratic erosions by arguing that these leaders had no choice but to rule with an iron fist in the face of Western imperialism. Focusing on Chavismo, this paper analyzes the steps towards Venezuela’s democratic breakdown taken by both Hugo Chávez and Nicolas Maduro, the nonagentic anti-imperialist rhetoric that deflected the true intent behind these steps, and how those steps led the country to the manufactured disaster it finds itself in today. It concludes by positing that the legitimacy of supposedly anti-imperialist policies hinges not on the fierce rhetoric surrounding them but rather on the lived ends of the people affected by them

THE CONSTRUCTION OF LITERARY ARCHETYPES THROUGH CHARACTER’S DISCOURSE IN TOLKIEN’S THE LORD OF THE RINGS (1954, 1955)

Los personajes arquetípicos tienden a crearse y comprenderse mediante el uso de pasajes descriptivos proporcionados por el narrador en las obras literarias. Sin embargo, ésta no es la única forma de entender o crear estos personajes, como se argumenta en el planteamiento de Culpeper (2001). En este proyecto consideramos la hipótesis de que el discurso de los personajes es también un elemento de crucial importancia que ayuda a la creación y comprensión de los arquetipos. Hemos examinado el discurso de algunos de los personajes de El Señor de los Anillos de Tolkien (1954, 1955), ya que se trata de un libro de ficción con personajes claramente arquetípicos, lo que será útil para nuestro análisis. En este estudio, se desarrollará un análisis de los diversos rasgos lingüísticos de su discurso muy basado en el enfoque de Conrad y Biber (2009, 2019) sobre el análisis del registro, la teoría de los actos de habla de Searle (1969, 1976) y el enfoque de la caracterización de Culpeper (2001) con el objetivo de evaluar nuestra hipótesis y, en caso de resultar cierta, discutir cómo estos rasgos conforman el arquetipo.Archetypical characters tend to be created and understood through the use of descriptive passages provided by the narrator in literary works. However, this is not the only way of understanding or creating these characters, as it is argued in Culpeper’s (2001) approach. In this project we consider the hypothesis that character’s discourse is also an element of crucial importance that helps in the creation and comprehension of the archetypes. We have examined the discourse of some of the characters in Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings (1954, 1955) since it is a fictional book with clearly archetypical characters, which is useful for our analysis. In this study, an analysis of the diverse linguistic features of their discourse is developed highly based on Conrad and Biber’s (2009, 2019) approach to register analysis, Searle’s (1969, 1976) speech acts theory and Culpeper’s (2001) approach to characterization with the aim of evaluating our hypothesis and, if proved true, discussing how these features shape the archetype

Gravitational-wave observations of binary black holes: Effect of non-quadrupole modes

We study the effect of non-quadrupolar modes in the detection and parameter estimation of gravitational waves (GWs) from non-spinning black-hole binaries. We evaluate the loss of signal-to-noise ratio and the systematic errors in the estimated parameters when one uses a quadrupole-mode template family to detect GW signals with all the relevant modes, for target signals with total masses $20 M_\odot \leq M \leq 250 M_\odot$ and mass ratios $1 \leq q \leq 18$. Target signals are constructed by matching numerical-relativity simulations describing the late inspiral, merger and ringdown of the binary with post-Newtonian/effective-one-body waveforms describing the early inspiral. We find that waveform templates modeling only the quadrupolar modes of the GW signal are sufficient (loss of detection rate $< 10\%$) for the detection of GWs with mass ratios $q\leq4$ using advanced GW observatories. Neglecting the effect of non-quadrupole modes will introduce systematic errors in the estimated parameters. The systematic errors are larger than the expected $1\,\sigma$ statistical errors for binaries with large, unequal masses ($q\gtrsim4, M \gtrsim 150 M_\odot$), for sky-averaged signal-to-noise ratios larger than $8$. We provide a summary of the regions in the parameter space where neglecting non-quadrupole modes will cause unacceptable loss of detection rates and unacceptably large systematic biases in the estimated parameters.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Efecto del ácido ascórbico en casos nuevos de Tuberculosis pulmonar baciloscopía positiva que reciben tratamiento en primer nivel de atención: Ensayo clínico controlado

El presente estudio es un ensayo clínico aleatorizado y controlado a triple ciego, fase IV, para evaluar el efecto del ácido ascórbico en pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar baciloscopía positiva que reciben Tratamiento Acortado Estrictamente Supervisado (TAES) en el primer nivel de atención durante Septiembre 2014 a Enero 2015. La dosis de 500 mg de ácido ascórbico por vía oral cada día adicionada al TAES categoría I, con los datos preliminares al momento se puede observar que en sujetos caso nuevo de Tuberculosis pulmonar Bk+ adscritos al TAES con categoría I en el primer nivel de atención del MINSAL produce una negativización temprana de baciloscopía a la dosis #27, así mismo se pudo evidenciar una leve mejoría clínica y nutricional en todos los sujetos tratados.Tesis para optar al título de Doctor en Medicin