Exploring Service Recovery and Justice Theory in the Libyan Airline Industry

The services industry is the fastest growing sector of the global economy, and central to its success. This research is concerned with observations of service recovery and its impact on customer satisfaction, and focuses on recovery after service failure, including factors such as compensation, speed, and apology, and their effect on customer perceptions of justice, including distributive, procedural and interactional justice. This exploratory and explanatory study seeks to provide information and understanding of the impact of service recovery and customer satisfaction on each other, by investigating the effect of service failure and recovery on customer perceptions of justice in two Libyan airlines. The theoretical framework of the study is derived from the literature, and is based on a set of interlinking relationships between elements of service recovery (apology, speed and compensation), their effect on customer perceptions of justice (interactional, distributive and procedural) and their logical outcome, which is customer satisfaction. Central to the framework is the conceptualisation of a model of service failure, perceptions of justice, and service recovery as a single continuous process which has as its outcome a level of customer satisfaction. The study starts from the theoretical view point that justice is a necessary component of customer satisfaction, and uses a questionnaire to collect data relevant to the three issues (service recovery, justice and customer satisfaction), which appear in the theoretical model. A total of 584 questionnaires were distributed to the customers of two Libyan airlines at Tripoli‟s international airport, collecting data customer perceptions of service failure recovery efforts. The statistical package SPSS was employed to analyse the raw data and the findings represent a set of relationships established between elements of service recovery and perceptions of justice. The study represents a contribution to knowledge about the relationships between service recovery and justice, using data collected in a developing country and in an industry of vital importance to national development yet opens to international competition. Theoretical and methodological contributions in the form of the study‟s model and questionnaire establish a basis for further research into this area in other developing countries and other industries

Text Indexing for Long Patterns: Anchors are All you Need

PVLDB Artifact Availability: The source code, data, and/or other artifacts have been made available at https://github.com/lorrainea/BDA- index.Copyright © 2023 the owner/author(s). In many real-world database systems, a large fraction of the data is represented by strings: sequences of letters over some alphabet. This is because strings can easily encode data arising from different sources. It is often crucial to represent such string datasets in a compact form but also to simultaneously enable fast pattern matching queries. This is the classic text indexing problem. The four absolute measures anyone should pay attention to when designing or implementing a text index are: (i) index space; (ii) query time; (iii) construction space; and (iv) construction time. Unfortunately, however, most (if not all) widely-used indexes (e.g., suffix tree, suffix array, or their compressed counterparts) are not optimized for all four measures simultaneously, as it is difficult to have the best of all four worlds. Here, we take an important step in this direction by showing that text indexing with locally consistent anchors (lc-anchors) offers remarkably good performance in all four measures, when we have at hand a lower bound l on the length of the queried patterns --- which is arguably a quite reasonable assumption in practical applications. Specifically, we improve on the construction of the index proposed by Loukides and Pissis, which is based on bidirectional string anchors (bd-anchors), a new type of lc-anchors, by: (i) designing an average-case linear-time algorithm to compute bd-anchors; and (ii) developing a semi-external-memory implementation to construct the index in small space using near-optimal work. We then present an extensive experimental evaluation, based on the four measures, using real benchmark datasets. The results show that, for long patterns, the index constructed using our improved algorithms compares favorably to all classic indexes: (compressed) suffix tree; (compressed) suffix array; and the FM-index.European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreements No 872539 and 956229, respectively; and by UKRI through REPHRAIN (EP/V011189/1)

Determination of bacterial contamination of milk using fluorometry

The aim of this paper is to determine the feasibility of using fluorometric methods as an indicator for quality and contamination of milk with E.coli bacteria, and selection the suitable wavelength to be used with laser induced auto fluorescence. Three groups of milk samples were used in this study: Fresh pasteurized milk samples, milk samples containing different concentration of E.coli bacteria which were added artificially, and milk samples that were kept in refrigerator for 3-5 days. Thirteen excitation wavelengths were used to get the emission spectra for all milk samples using spectroflourometer .The results showed that the emission spectra at 275nm excitation wavelength gave a good differentiation between these three groups. The data analysis demonstrated that the proposed method can bring progress in identification of milk quality and contamination with rapidness, high sensitivity and low cost diagnostic tool. Laser light at this wavelength that transmitted by optical fiber can be used for milk samples examination in situe and for more precise results

Negative Ion Drift and Diffusion in a TPC near 1 Bar

Drift velocity and longitudinal diffusion measurements are reported for a Negative Ion TPC (NITPC) operating with Helium + carbon disulfide gas mixtures at total pressures from 160 to 700 torr. Longitudinal diffusion at the thermal-limit was observed for drift fields up to at least 700 V/cm in all gas mixtures tested. The results are of particular interest in connection with mechanical simplification of Dark Matter searches such as DRIFT, and for high energy physics experiments in which a low-Z, low density, gaseous tracking detector with no appreciable Lorentz drift is needed for operation in very high magnetic fields.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Rubberised bitumen manufacturing assisted by rheological measurements

This paper investigates the effect of processing temperature and time on the rheological properties of recycled tyre rubber-modified bitumens (RTR-MBs) produced using two different base binders and an ambient ground crumb rubber modifier (CRM). The production of the RTR-MBs was accomplished by means of a standard Brookfield rotational viscometer together with a modified impeller, dual helical impeller, to allow mixing as well as real-time viscosity measurements of the produced RTR-MBs. The rheological properties of the final RTR-MBs were determined by means of standard dynamic mechanical analysis oscillatory and multiple stress creep recovery testing using a dynamic shear rheometer. The results indicate that the low processing conditions (160°C and 60 min) are not appropriate for developing RTR-MBs with enhanced physical and rheological properties. However, allowing the crumb rubber to interact with the base binder for longer mixing times (140 min) led to the development of an enhanced rubber (polymer) network structure within the blend (i.e. swelling of the CRM particles) and superior rheological properties. At the other extreme, using high-processing conditions (200°C and 140 min) led to RTR-MBs in which the rubber network had been subjected to devulcanisation and depolymerisation with a subsequent reduction in modification

Stimulation of Hatching Efficiency in Capsulated Cysts of Artemia fransiscana Using 890 nm Diode Laser

Artemia fransiscana is one of the most important live food for commercial larval aquaculture. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 890 nm diode laser irradiation on Artemia capsulated cysts using (1-10) minutes exposure time, and 2.26x10-3 J/cm2 Fluence. The Artemia samples were obtained from two locations: Dyalaa and Basraa. After irradiation, hatching percentage (H %) and hatching efficiency(HE) of Artemia were measured after 24 and 48 hours of incubation. The results of the effect of laser light on the capsulated cysts from Dyalaa showed that the optimum dose for enhancing (H %) after 24 hours of incubation is using 10 minutes exposure time, while after 48 hours of incubation the (H %) enhancement can be achieved using 6 minutes exposure time. The optimum exposure times for (HE) enhancement after 24 and 48 hours of incubation were 5 and 7 minutes. The results of the effect of laser light on the capsulated cysts from Basraa showed that after 24 hours of incubation, the optimum exposure times for enhancement (H%) was 9 minutes, while after 48 hours of irradiation the best exposure times was 5 minutes . Very effective enhancement of (HE) was noticed after 24 hours of irradiation at 3 minutes exposure time using 2.26x10-3 J/cm2 Fluence. No enhancement was observed after 48 hours of irradiation In conclusion, 890 nm diode laser irradiation can be used successfully for increasing Hatching percentage (H %) and Hatching Efficiency (HE) of Artemia capsulated cysts using certain energy density and certain exposure time

GEM Operation in Negative Ion Drift Gas Mixtures

The first operation of GEM gas gain elements in negative ion gas mixtures is reported. Gains up to several thousand were obtained from single-stage GEMs in carbon disulfide vapor at low pressure, and in mixtures of carbon disulfide with Argon and Helium, some near 1 bar total pressure.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure