Subjective temporal well-being: Defining, measuring, and applying a new concept

Time scarcity has become part and parcel of our modern predicament, with individuals\u27 temporal experiences emerging as a central factor for their wellbeing. Despite the widespread experience of time-related problems, however, no comprehensive method to measure the subjective temporal dimensions of this experience have been generally accepted. This article seeks to take a step in addressing this gap by introducing a new concept called "Subjective Temporal Well-being". In the first part of the article, the new concept is defined in its two fundamental dimensions, anchoring it to the experience of a low level of perceived time pressure and a high level of satisfaction with how one\u27s time is spent. Next, the concept is subjected to an empirical examination using a data-set consisting of 1,000 Swedish respondents. The concept is related to other, existing measures of well-being, and the particular characteristics of individuals found in the present research to have especially "high" and "low" temporal well-being are mapped. The concept of Subjective Temporal Well-being is proposed to provide a comprehensible and tangible angle for the study of key dimensions of people\u27s everyday lives, which in some cases can be more suitable than the notion of overall well-being. Finally, the implications of the new concept are explored in terms of its possible applications in statistical surveys and its usefulness for academic research

Secondary hardening in some low-chromium hot-work tool steels

Low-chromium hot-work tool steels combine good heat conductivity with excellent tempering resistance. This property combination has made these steels ideal for die casting and extrusion. The overall aim of this work has been to investigate the precipitation during secondary hardening of these low-chromium steels using electron microscopy and atom probe. Modelling and experimental evaluation was also done in order to see if it is possible to add nitrogen to low-chromium steel and still get secondary hardening. The steels was analyzed as-hardened as well as tempered. With no nitrogen added the secondary precipitates were found to be MC and M2C with mixed compositions regarding vanadium, molybdenum and chromium. In the as-hardened state there was some auto-tempering, resulting in the precipitation of ε-carbide and M3C. When tempering at 625\ubaC for 2+2 hours the microstructure is peppered with small

A tuneable probe for noncontacting microwave measurements

This paper describes an electrically tuneable loop coupler and its use for noncontacting measurements in microstrip circuits. Earlier loop coupler probes have the disadvantage of needing mechanical tuning to give sufficient directivity for scalar measurements on substrates having different dielectric constants. This problem is overcome through the use of a PIN diode as an adjustable termination on one of the coupler ports. The probe is evaluated for microstrip substrates with an εr ranging from 2:33 to 10 with transmission line characteristic impedances ranging from 30Ω to 80Ω. After tuning, the coupler shows a directivity better than 20 dB up to 3:8 GHz for εr = 2:33 and up to 1 GHz for εr = 10

A tuneable probe for noncontacting microwave measurements

This paper describes an electrically tuneable loop coupler and its use for noncontacting measurements in microstrip circuits. Earlier loop coupler probes have the disadvantage of needing mechanical tuning to give sufficient directivity for scalar measurements on substrates having different dielectric constants. This problem is overcome through the use of a PIN diode as an adjustable termination on one of the coupler ports. The probe is evaluated for microstrip substrates with an εr ranging from 2:33 to 10 with transmission line characteristic impedances ranging from 30Ω to 80Ω. After tuning, the coupler shows a directivity better than 20 dB up to 3:8 GHz for εr = 2:33 and up to 1 GHz for εr = 10

Greenhouse gas emissions and subjective well-being: An analysis of Swedish households

In the contemporary discussion on society\u27s transformation towards long-termclimate targets, it is often implicitly assumed that behavioral changes, unlike technological changes, would lead to reductions in human wellbeing.However, this assumption has been questioned by researchers, who instead argue that people may live better lives by consuming less and reduce their environmental impact in the process. In this study we explore the relationship between greenhouse gas emissions and subjective well-being, using a sample of 1000 Swedish respondents.Our results show that there is no strong link between an individual\u27s emissions and subjectivewellbeing. We also analyze the relationship between specific emission-intensive activities and subjective well-being and find thatnone of the activities examined correlates with subjective well-being. Finally, we explore a hypothesis put forward in the literature, suggesting that a poor work-life balance, long commuting distances, and materialistic values may decrease individuals\u27 subjective well-being and increase greenhouse gas emissions. Our results indicate that materialistic values do correlate with lower levels of well-being and to some extent also with highergreenhouse gas emissions

Injury Prevention in Institutional Settings in Sweden.

This paper analyses injury events in different Swedish welfare settings, with an aim to highlight prevention potentials and applicable strategies in the institutional settings. Previous research has mainly focused on preventing strategies related to primary or individual level, but this study instead examine the possibilities of injury prevention or injury reduction by modifications of the physical environment, so called situational prevention. The preventive approach in the study is related to previous work in the field of crime prevention and health promotion through environmental design. These welfare institutions are designed to shelter vulnerable individuals, but they are the second most frequent injury place according to previous research. We used an extract from Injury Data Base, containing information from all emergency rooms visits in four Swedish municipalities from the year 2013. We conducted both within- and cross-case analyses, in order to explore the situational elements of the events. In general, the results show that the majority of injury events involve individuals that are above 80 years old, and the most common injury type is fall related injuries. Moreover, the injury pattern interrelates with activity. Conform activity, defined as day-to-day activity, related to unintentional injuries, such as tumbling, tripping and falling. These situations mainly occurred in institutions such as nursing homes, retirement homes and accommodation for individuals with disabilities. The non-conform activity, such as creating opportunity for self-harm acts, were more frequent in closed institutions such as psychiatric wards, youth accommodations or prisons. These findings implicate that two different prevention strategies are suitable. The first aiming at reducing the risks connected to mobility by reducing uneven floor surface, place rails on the wall or install impact-absorbing floors. The second strategy aims to design a physical environment that facilitates a higher degree of surveillance inside the institution