Anticipation in the structure of psychological mechanisms of deviance: Analytical research review

© Serials Publications. At the present stage of psychology and pedagogy development one of the urgent tasks is the study of the basic directions, trends and priorities of research on the study of specific psychological anticipation indicators of children with disabilities in national and world science. The urgency of this problem is related to the need to explain the psychological content of socialization processes disorders in the preschool and early school age. The aim of this study is analysis of studies on the neurophysiological, psychophysiological basis of anticipation, anticipation role in providing cognitive mental processes, anticipation development in ontogenesis, features of probabilistic forecasting in health and disease. The analysis of studies revealed the following differences: On the one hand, of the behavioral disorders problem in children with disabilities in preschool and early school age (types, forms, clinical and psychological aspects, etc.) as well as the problems of deviant behavior in adolescents (approaches, theories, phenomenology, typology, factors) and, on the other hand, undeveloped mechanisms and factors in the transformation of abnormal behavior into the deviant one. The role of anticipation phenomenon in these age-related mechanisms, which great importance is proved in relation to deviations in adolescents and adults is not studied; the relation of anticipation to the formation of a latent deviance in disontogenesis is studied even in a lesser degree. The results of the comparative analysis let the authors conclude that the study of the ant icipation phenomenon and its role in the structure of behavioral disorders in children with disabilities is an important and unsolved scientific problem for psychology

Психолингвистический анализ устной и письменной речи у пациентов с расстройствами шизофренического спектра (на примере автобиографических текстов)

Introduction. There are speech disorders as one of the psychopathology diagnostics criteria in ICD and DSM. However, the linguistic component is not enough studied, so the study topic is actual. The use of text analysis allows to apply psycholinguistics approach to the objectification of thinking disorders. The objective of the study was aimed to detect psycholinguistics features of oral and written speech in patients with schizophrenia.Methods and materials. Participants were 29 schizophrenia patients, 20 patients with personality disorder and 25 healthy participants. Methods: expert assessment, anamnestic assessment, experimental-psychological (tests of thinking, collect memories), linguistic analysis, statistical analysis.Results. Oral speech of patients with schizophrenia is complex and volume, the writing speech is «factual», lexically varied and low communicative. In oral and writing speech of patients with schizophrenia, there are three text types correlated with thinking disorders. Texts of patients with schizophrenia are less volume, simpler in structure, describe more facts than thoughts and feelings, unlike patients with personality disorder and healthy participants.Conclusion. Texts of patients with schizophrenia, personality disorder and healthy participants are different in formal linguistics characteristics. Such characteristics of the speech of patients suffering from schizophrenia as a lot of impersonal sentences describing object attribute, complexly organized speech, emphasis on describing emotions and oneself using the pronoun «I» allow to suppose that the patient has thinking disorders: thinking distortion by formal and latent ways of object attributions, thinking purposefulness disorder, thinking «versatility».Введение. Нарушения речи – один из диагностических критериев психической патологии, прописанных в МКБ и DSM, но лингвистический компонент исследован мало, поэтому тематика исследования актуальна. Использование текстового анализа позволяет применить психолингвистический подход к объективизации нарушений мышления.Цель – выявление психолингвистических особенностей устной и письменной речи у пациентов с шизофренией.Методы и материалы. Выборка – 74 человека: пациенты, страдающие шизофренией, расстройством личности, а также условно здоровые лица. Методы: экспертных оценок, клинико-психологический, экспериментально-психологический (исследование мышления, воспоминаний), психолингвистический метод, методы математической статистики.Результаты. Устная речь пациентов с шизофренией сложнее по структуре и объемнее, чем письменная, а письменная речь чрезмерно «фактологичная», с низкой коммуникативной направленностью. В письменной и устной речи пациентов с шизофренией выделяется три типа текстов, взаимосвязанных с нарушениями мышления. В отличие от текстов пациентов с расстройством личности и условно здоровых лиц, тексты пациентов с шизофренией меньше по объему, более простые по структуре, больше описывают факты, а не чувства и мысли.Заключение. Существуют различия по формально-лингвистическим признакам между текстами пациентов с шизофренией, расстройством личности и условно здоровыми лицами. Такие характеристики речи пациентов, страдающих шизофренией, как множество безличных предложений, описывающих качество объекта, сложно организованная речь, акцент на описании эмоций и себя с использованием местоимения «Я», позволяют предполагать наличие у пациента нарушений мышления: искажение процесса обобщения с актуализацией латентных и формальных признаков предметов, нарушение целенаправленности мышления, разноплановость мыслительной деятельности

Development strategy of service sector in conditions of federal states entities autonomy increasing

© 2016, Econjournals. All rights reserved.The relevance of the study is caused by the necessity to develop the sphere of services as a component of balanced socio-economic development of Federal State’s territories. The purpose of the paper is to define strategies for the development of services in conditions of increasing independence of the Federal State’s entities. A leading approach is the institutional one that considers the strategy of development of service sector in the Federal State as long-term programs of transition to innovative socially oriented type of economic development, reducing interregional differentiation in the level and quality of life of the population, creating equal opportunities for citizens and promoting human development. In the conditions of Federal State entities’ autonomy increasing the strategy of development in the sphere of services consists of citizens’ life conditions and social environment’ quality improving; accelerated development of human potential; competitiveness improving of human and ensuring it economic social sectors’ capital; development of competitive service markets; improving of the efficiency of politico-legal institutions providing social services to the population. Strategies’ defining for the development of services in the conditions of Federal State entities’ autonomy increasing is based on the principles of subsidiarity, sustainability, selectivity, fractals and transvers. Certain strategies of development of services are aimed at reducing territorial socio-economic differentiation to the level, caused by objective differences of the Federation’s entities, as well as ensuring the balance of the revenue base and expenditure commitments

Membrane transport of dicarboxylic and α-hydroxy carboxylic acids induced by α-amino phosphonates

New α-amino phosphonates containing different alkyl and aryl substituents at the α-carbon atom were synthesized in high yields by the Kabachnik - Fields and Pudovik reactions. These compounds were studied as carriers of several α-hydroxy carboxylic and dicarboxylic acids through liquid impregnated membranes. These α-amino phosphonates studied are capable of molecular recognition of oxalic acid among structurally similar α-hydroxy carboxylic and dicarboxylic acids. The efficiency and selectivity of mass transfer of oxalic acid increase with an increase in the lipophilicity of the α-amino phosphonate

ASPIRATING DRAINAGE OF THE CAVITY OF THE LESSER PELVIS AS A WAY OF CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF LOW-LYING COLORECTAL ANASTOMOTIC LEAK

Aim. Examination of efficacy of the double-lumen “pipe in pipe” drainage set mounted in the cavity of the lesser pelvis by the method developed by the authors for conservative treatment of colorectal anastomotic leak.Material and methods. Data have been analyzed for 124 patients operated in two surgeries of the base No.2 of the Republican Clinical Onco- logic Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, whose surgery was completed with formation of colorectal anastomo- sis; aspirating drainage of the cavity of the lesser pelvis was performed with double-lumen drainage of the authors’ design, mounted in the retroperitoneal part of the cavity of the lesser pelvis through a puncture in the anterior abdominal wall. No patient was applied a preventive intestinal stoma.Results. 4 (3.2 %) out of 124 patients died after surgeries. 21 (16.9 %) patients experienced colorectal anastomotic leak, which was resolved in a conservative manner in all patients.Conclusion. Our data allow us to speak about the efficacy of this technique of drainage of the cavity of the lesser pelvis in colorectal anastomotic leak

Factors influencing access to early intervention for families of children with developmental disabilities: A narrative review

Background Early intervention (EI) can improve a range of outcomes for families of children with developmental disabilities. However, research indicates the level of access does not always match the level of need. To address disparities, it is essential to identify factors influencing access. Method We propose a framework where access to EI is conceptualised as a process that includes three main phases. A narrative review examined potential barriers, facilitators and modifiers of access for each phase. Results The process of access to EI includes the following: 1) recognition of need, 2) identification or diagnosis and 3) EI provision or receipt. Several factors affecting access to EI for each phase were identified, related to the family, services, the intersection between family and services, and the context. Conclusion A broad range of factors appear to influence the process of access to EI for this population. Our framework can be used in future research investigating access. Broad implications for policy, practice and future research to improve access to EI are discussed

АСПИРАЦИОННОЕ ДРЕНИРОВАНИЕ ПОЛОСТИ МАЛОГО ТАЗА КАК СПОСОБ КОНСЕРВАТИВНОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ НЕСОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ШВОВ НИЗКОРАСПОЛОЖЕННОГО КОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНОГО АНАСТОМОЗА

Aim. Examination of efficacy of the double-lumen “pipe in pipe” drainage set mounted in the cavity of the lesser pelvis by the method developed by the authors for conservative treatment of colorectal anastomotic leak.Material and methods. Data have been analyzed for 124 patients operated in two surgeries of the base No.2 of the Republican Clinical Onco- logic Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, whose surgery was completed with formation of colorectal anastomo- sis; aspirating drainage of the cavity of the lesser pelvis was performed with double-lumen drainage of the authors’ design, mounted in the retroperitoneal part of the cavity of the lesser pelvis through a puncture in the anterior abdominal wall. No patient was applied a preventive intestinal stoma.Results. 4 (3.2 %) out of 124 patients died after surgeries. 21 (16.9 %) patients experienced colorectal anastomotic leak, which was resolved in a conservative manner in all patients.Conclusion. Our data allow us to speak about the efficacy of this technique of drainage of the cavity of the lesser pelvis in colorectal anastomotic leak.Цель. Изучить эффективность применения двухпросветных дренажей «труба в трубе», устанавливаемых в полости малого таза по разработанной авторами методике для консервативного лечения несостоятельности швов колоректального анастомоза (КРА). Материал и методы. Проанализированы данные 124 пациентов, оперированных в 2 хирургических отделениях базы № 2 РКОД МЗ РТ, у которых операция завершена формированием КРА и проводилось аспирационное дренирование полости малого таза двухпросветными дренажами конструкции авторов, устанавливаемыми в забрюшинной части полости малого таза через прокол на передней брюшной стенке. Ни одному пациенту превентивная кишечная стома не накладывалась.Результаты. После операции умерли 4 (3,2 %) из 124 больных. У 21 (16,9 %) пациента наступила несостоятельность швов КРА, которую у всех удалось разрешить консервативным способом.Вывод. Полученные нами данные позволяют говорить об эффективности применения данной методики дренирования полости малого таза при несостоятельности швов КРА

CP Studies and Non-Standard Higgs Physics

There are many possibilities for new physics beyond the Standard Model that feature non-standard Higgs sectors. These may introduce new sources of CP violation, and there may be mixing between multiple Higgs bosons or other new scalar bosons. Alternatively, the Higgs may be a composite state, or there may even be no Higgs at all. These non-standard Higgs scenarios have important implications for collider physics as well as for cosmology, and understanding their phenomenology is essential for a full comprehension of electroweak symmetry breaking. This report discusses the most relevant theories which go beyond the Standard Model and its minimal, CP-conserving supersymmetric extension: two-Higgs-doublet models and minimal supersymmetric models with CP violation, supersymmetric models with an extra singlet, models with extra gauge groups or Higgs triplets, Little Higgs models, models in extra dimensions, and models with technicolour or other new strong dynamics. For each of these scenarios, this report presents an introduction to the phenomenology, followed by contributions on more detailed theoretical aspects and studies of possible experimental signatures at the LHC and other colliders.Comment: Report of the CPNSH workshop, May 2004 - Dec 2005, 542 pages. The complete report as well as its individual chapters are also available from http://kraml.home.cern.ch/kraml/cpnsh/report.htm

The psychological model of the specialist-defectologist’s readiness for professional and acmeological development

© 2019, Kazan Federal University. All rights reserved. In this study the author proceeds from the assumptions that the professional competence of a specialist who works with people with disabilities is based on psychological readiness as an integral personal quality of professional assisting people’s professions that are directly related to the willingness of a subject of professional activity to professional acmeological development. However the specialist-defectologist must, firstly, have a psychological readiness to work in the absence of ready-made algorithms to provide assistance; secondly, to be able to predict in conditions of a deficit of information because of the high degree of differentiation in the psychophysical development of persons with disabilities; thirdly, constantly accumulate observations and use the increased volume of information with the aim of its optimal adaptation and development as the main criterion for the effectiveness of the correctional-pedagogical process. Thus, the defectologists, listeners of advanced training courses, were taken as an experimental group of this empirical research as a group of specialists who decided to develop additional educational space. The study was conducted with psychodiagnostic tools: valid and reliable questionnaires, a computer program for statistical processing of SPSS data. Interpretation of the data was carried out according to their compliance with N (0.1) and a high level of reliability: p≤0.001** and p≤0.01**. As the result within the framework of the psychological model of readiness, the potential factors for expanding the zone of professional competence of the defectologist were determined: “self-respect”, “adaptability” and a system-forming indicator with high factor load (from the block of motivational personal characteristics of psychological readiness) - “motivation to achieve success”

The psychological model of the specialist-defectologist’s readiness for professional and acmeological development

© 2019, Kazan Federal University. All rights reserved. In this study the author proceeds from the assumptions that the professional competence of a specialist who works with people with disabilities is based on psychological readiness as an integral personal quality of professional assisting people’s professions that are directly related to the willingness of a subject of professional activity to professional acmeological development. However the specialist-defectologist must, firstly, have a psychological readiness to work in the absence of ready-made algorithms to provide assistance; secondly, to be able to predict in conditions of a deficit of information because of the high degree of differentiation in the psychophysical development of persons with disabilities; thirdly, constantly accumulate observations and use the increased volume of information with the aim of its optimal adaptation and development as the main criterion for the effectiveness of the correctional-pedagogical process. Thus, the defectologists, listeners of advanced training courses, were taken as an experimental group of this empirical research as a group of specialists who decided to develop additional educational space. The study was conducted with psychodiagnostic tools: valid and reliable questionnaires, a computer program for statistical processing of SPSS data. Interpretation of the data was carried out according to their compliance with N (0.1) and a high level of reliability: p≤0.001** and p≤0.01**. As the result within the framework of the psychological model of readiness, the potential factors for expanding the zone of professional competence of the defectologist were determined: “self-respect”, “adaptability” and a system-forming indicator with high factor load (from the block of motivational personal characteristics of psychological readiness) - “motivation to achieve success”