Modelling the Pelagic Ecosystem Dynamics: The NW Mediterranean

26 páginas. 11 figuras,1 tabla.Peer reviewe

出雲国 松江藩札 銭2貫文

日本銀行金融研究所所蔵藩札資料番号：ⅢAエドa1-46-2-102(1)科学研究費助成事業（研究成果公開促進費）で電子化を実施データベースの名称：藩札等に関する統合データベース課題番号：18HP8038藩札の利用に関するお問い合わせ：藩札画像の転載（出版物・HP等）に際しては、日本銀行貨幣博物館への申請手続きが必要です。詳しくは貨幣博物館ホームページ（http://www.imes.boj.or.jp/cm/service/）をご覧ください

The CEAB´s Marine Observatory in the Catalan Sea: Consolidating long time series observations?

Trabajo presentado en el MARTECH 2011 Fourth International Workshop on Marine Technology, celbrado en Cádiz el 22 y 23 de septiembre de 2011.The Operational Observatory of the Catalan Sea (OOCS), created in 2009 at CEAB-CSIC may be considered as a reference marine observatory because of its effectiveness and relatively low-cost functioning and maintenance. The number of time series obtained at the observation station of the meteorological conditions above the sea surface, along with physical and biogeochemical properties of the water layer over the continental shelf, supports its success. The strong fluctuations of atmospheric conditions registered in the last years altering the marine conditions make the simultaneous records of meteorological and marine observations essential for understanding present environmental fluctuations and for improving marine environmental predictions. Updated information regarding the observatory can be found at http://www.ceab.csic.es/~oceans/.The marine observatory is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation project CTM2008-03983.Peer Reviewe

Northern Current variability and its impact on the Blanes Canyon circulation: A numerical study

10 páginas, 7 figuras, 2 tablas.A high-resolution (∼1.2 km) 3D numerical model was used to analyze the interaction of the Northern Current (a right-bounded flow) with the Blanes submarine canyon (BC, NW Mediterranean). Although it refers to a climatological simulation the model properly suites our purpose since it simulates the Northern Current (NC) mesoscale variability, as well as its seasonal variability. Model results were validated with satellite sea surface temperature and current-meter data. The simulated NC tends to be faster and deeper in winter, and slower and shallower in summer. According to our results, NC meanders and eddies are recurrent in the BC area and produce highly fluctuating three-dimensional circulation patterns within the canyon. We found that NC meanders and anticyclonic eddies propagating along the current pathway tend to be deep and, consequently, their effects extend down to the deeper part of the BC. We also found that the meandering of the NC plays a key role in enhancing vertical motions inside the BC. Upwelling and downwelling events occurring on timescales of 4–20 days are associated with NC meanders crests and troughs passing over the BC. Net upwelling/downwelling events are accordingly influenced by the NC seasonality. They are more predominant in winter, while damped in summer. Our results show the importance of NC meanders in creating local net upwelling/downwelling and strengthen the evidence that continuous right-bounded (downwelling favorable) flows can also produce net upwelling inside submarine canyons.M.-A. Ahumada-Sempoal was partially supported by PROMEP (Programa para el Mejoramiento del Profesorado, Secretaría de Educación Pública, México) in the framework of a Ph.D. grant. The research project OAMMS (CTM2008-03983) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation provided support for the OOCS Station from 2009 to 2011.Peer reviewe

Seven years of marine environmental changes monitoring at coastal OOCS stations (Catalan Sea, NW Mediterranean)

7th International Workshop on Marine Technology – Martech Workshop 2016, 26-28 October 2016, Barcelona.-- 2 pages, 3 figuresSince March 2009 up to the present (more than 7 years now), the Operational Observatory of the Catalan Sea (OOCS; http://www2.ceab.csic.es/ oceans/) remains a witness of persistent marine environmental changes. The OOCS has two fixed observation stations at the head of the Blanes Canyon (200 m depth, 41.66°N; 2.91°E) and at the Blanes bay (20 m depth, 41.67°N; 2.80°E) in the Catalan Sea, NW Mediterranean. At the canyon station, a multi-parametric buoy presently installed delivers high frequency (by 30 min) and multi-parametric oceanographic (i.e. salinity, temperature, chlorophyll, turbidity, as well as light intensity in the PAR range for the upper 50 m depth) and atmospheric (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction and PAR) data. Subsurface photos and videos by an IP high resolution fisheye camera attached to the buoy are also delivered at 4-hour basis. Data and multimedia are transmitted in near real time for public access, via combined GSM/GPRS and 3G connections. At both stations, CTD profiles and water samples (collected for nutrients and picoplankton analyses) are carried out on board a research vessel at fortnightly basis. Numerical simulations along with the time series of in-situ observations show inter-annual seasonality anomalies possibly linked to global environmental changes. The lower-atmosphere and upper-sea environmental time series data collected prove the occurrence of shifting patterns of heat and matter fluxes impacting pelagic and benthic organismsPeer Reviewe

Nine-year monitoring of environmental changes over the continental shelf in the Catalan Sea from multi-parametric measurements

International Conference on Marine Data and Information Systems (IMDIS 2018), 5-7 November 2018, Barcelona.-- 1 pages, 5 figuresLong-term global warming trends reported in the last decades by NOAA-NASA may be accelerating in recent years [1]. Extreme global average temperatures reported since 2014 are consistent with the largest annual atmospheric CO2 what may be a signal of slowdown of carbon sequestration, in oceans and continents. The Mediterranean Sea warming trend is in line with global warming [2]. Coastal marine ecosystems in the Mediterranean are particularly exposed to the effect of warming, as they hold relatively high biodiversity at shallow water layers. Longer and warmer summer periods are related to massive mortalities of benthic (deep-sea) organisms [3], because the specific temperature ranges of some species may be overtakenPeer Reviewe

A 9-year monitoring of environmental changes over the continental shelf in the Catalan Sea from multiparametric measurements

International Conference on Marine Data and Information Systems (IMDIS 2018), 5-7 November 2018, Barcelona, Spain.-- 2 pages, 3 figuresLong-term global warming trends reported in the last decades by NOAA-NASA may be accelerating in recent years (Peñuelas et al., 2017). Extreme global average temperatures reported since 2014 are consistent with the largest annual atmospheric CO2 what may be a signal of slowdown of carbon sequestration, in oceans and continents. The Mediterranean Sea warming trend is in line with global warming (Schroeder et al., 2016). Coastal marine ecosystems in the Mediterranean are particularly exposed to the effect of warming, as they hold relatively high biodiversity at shallow water layers. Longer and warmer summer periods are related to massive mortalities of benthic (deep-sea) organisms (Bensoussan et al., 2010), because the specific temperature ranges of some species may be overtakenPeer Reviewe

Contribution of hydrodinamics on passive drifts of Aristeus antennatus particles-like in the North-western Mediterranean Sea

The Crustacean Society (TCS) Mid-Year Meeting, 9-22 June 2017, BarcelonaThe effectiveness of an integrated fishery management plan for the deep sea red shrimp Aristeus antennatus strongly depends on the knowledge about the displacement of individuals during their larval stage among subpopulations from different fishing grounds. To contribute to this purpose, biophysical models were used to study the potential hydrodynamic connectivity among shrimp-fishing grounds along submarine canyons in the North-western Mediterranean Sea using the spawning characteristics of the species. Modelled as passive particles, the larvae followed a main southwest drift along the continental slope and drifted up to 200 km within 31 days. The Cap Creus and Palamòs canyons were inter-connected when particles were released above 600 m depth. Only four percent of the drifters reached the estimated recruitment depth for A. antennatus at about 1,000 m depth when releases of particles took place around 800 m depth. The strength of connectivity between canyons differed with velocity fields from two different hydrodynamic models though the overall connectivity patterns prevailedPeer Reviewe

Influence of the summer deep-sea circulations on passive drifts among the submarine canyons in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

15 pages, 9 figures, supplement https://doi.org/10.5194/os-15-1745-2019Marine biophysical models can be used to explore the displacement of individuals in and between submarine canyons. Mostly, the studies focus on the shallow hydrodynamics in or around a single canyon. In the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, knowledge of the deep-sea circulation and its spatial variability in three contiguous submarine canyons is limited. We used a Lagrangian framework with three-dimensional velocity fields from two versions of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) to study the deep-bottom connectivity between submarine canyons and to compare their influence on the particle transport. From a biological point of view, the particles represented eggs and larvae spawned by the deep-sea commercial shrimp Aristeus antennatus along the continental slope in summer. The passive particles mainly followed a southwest drift along the continental slope and drifted less than 200 km considering a pelagic larval duration (PLD) of 31 d. Two of the submarine canyons were connected by more than 27 % of particles if they were released at sea bottom depths above 600 m. The vertical advection of particles depended on the depth where particles were released and the circulation influenced by the morphology of each submarine canyon. Therefore, the impact of contiguous submarine canyons on particle transport should be studied on a case-by-case basis and not be generalized. Because the flows were strongly influenced by the bottom topography, the hydrodynamic model with finer bathymetric resolution data, a less smoothed bottom topography, and finer sigma-layer resolution near the bottom should give more accurate simulations of near-bottom passive drift. Those results propose that the physical model parameterization and discretization have to be considered for improving connectivity studies of deep-sea speciesFunding was provided through the CONECTA project supported by the Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competividad from the Spanish Government. Morane Clavel-Henry is funded under an FPI PhD program of the Spanish Government (grant no. BES-2015-074126)Peer Reviewe

Larval drift of deep-sea shrimp Aristeus antennatus from limited areas of trawling

Forum on Fisheries Science in the Mediterranean and The Black Sea (FishForum 2018), 10-14 December 2018, Rome, ItalyThe individual-based model can explore the connectivity of subpopulation of the deep-sea red shrimp Aristeus antennatus in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea through larval drifts. The species is under a unique local management plan which limits the trawling activities of fish-ermen of Palamós (Spain). We used a Lagrangian framework with a three-dimensional hydro-dynamic model to evaluate the retention capacity of the shrimp stock under fishing re-striction, and therefore, the effictiveness of the local plan to expand the stock abundance. Modelled as passive particles, the larvae were retained for 44 % of them in the fishery area under restriction. This zone also received 27 % and 99 % larvae from another submarine can-yon and the inter-canyons area from higher latitude, respectively. When particles had the properties to ascend to the surface, through egg buoyancy, the larvae connected with a sub-marine canyon at lower latitude with 39.4 % of particles; and the Balearic Islands grounds with 40 %. The two drift paths were characterized by a drift in the superficial layer (0-5 m) and a drift in the subepilagic layer (5-200 m), respectively. Connectivity intensity with Bale-aric islands has slightly increased when spawning occured at the end of summer. The reten-tion or dispersion of larvae from the restrictive area of fishery depended mostly of the larval ecology. Above all, the vertical behaviour of the species larvae could influence the recruit-ment and determine the efficiency of the management planPeer Reviewe