Modeling the Relationship Between Affective Balance, Social Intelligence, and Speech Anxiety With the Mediating Role of Consequence Expectation

Objectives: There are several predictor variables for speech anxiety (SA) among students. Affective balance (AB) and social intelligence (SI) are two main factors in this field. In this study, we assess the mediating role of consequence expectation (CE) among these variables. Accordingly, this study aims to explore a model of the relationships between AB, SI, and SA mediated by CE among teacher-training students of Farhangian University. Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational study and the population included students of teacher-education courses at the Farhangian University in Kerman Province, Iran, in the 2020-2021 academic year. The sample included 740 participants who were selected via the cluster sampling method. They completed the speech anxiety thoughts inventory, the Bradburn scale of psychological well-being (1969), the social intelligence questionnaire, and the personal outcome expectancy scale. Results: The results showed that the model of explaining AB, SI, and SA through the mediating role of CE in teacher-training students of Farhangian University has an acceptable fit. Hence, AB has a direct effect on SA. SI has a direct effect on SA and AB has a direct effect on the expectation of CE. Meanwhile, SI has a direct effect on the CE and AB has an indirect effect on SA through the mediating role of the CE. And, SI has an indirect effect on SA by the mediating role of the CE. Discussion: We can conclude the proposed model of the relationship between AB, SI, and SA with the mediating CE among teacher-training students of Farhangian University is fit and has proper values

The lived experience of experts in economic intelligence: A phenomenological study

Background: Economic intelligence, is an attitude about the ability to learn and use money that is essential to survival and success in 21st-century life. Economic intelligence leads to increased problem-solving and critique, adaptability, information analysis and entrepreneurship, while a vacuum lead to financial problems and economic pressures, confusion, frustration and depression, and socio-economic problems. Although the phenomenological discovery and understanding and the lived experience of experts lead to the identification of potential factors, but there is a research gap in the field of application of this method in the target society. Aims: The present study was conducted with the aim of the living experience of experts in economic intelligence in the form of a phenomenological study. The study population of the present study included all professors of industrial psychology, financial management, economics and educational psychology and psychometrics in free and public universities with more than 5 years of teaching experience as well as some of the top entrepreneurs. 17 people (10 professors and 7 top entrepreneurs) were selected based on the principle of saturation and using purposive sampling method (theoretical sampling) and according to the inclusion criteria And Colouzi method was used to analyze the interview data. Methods: The method of the present study is descriptive phenomenological in terms of the basic purpose and the nature of the qualitative data. The study population of the present study included all professors of industrial psychology, financial management, economics and educational psychology and psychometrics in free and public universities with more than 5 years of teaching experience as well as some of the top entrepreneurs. 17 people (10 professors and 7 top entrepreneurs) were selected based on the principle of saturation and using purposive sampling method (theoretical sampling) and according to the inclusion criteria. The participants were interviewed through a semi-structured interview. In order to analyze the interview data, thematic analysis method was used. Results: After thematic extraction and classification, the findings included 5 main themes (entrepreneurial spirit, positive attitude, appropriate financial behavior, empiricism, role modeling) and 21 sub-themes. The relationship between these main and secondary topics is given in the main article. Conclusion: Based on the research results, it can be said that items such as self-confidence, knowledge acquisition, positive thinking, entrepreneurial thinking, punctuality, prudent investment, creativity, time management, strategic planning, gaining experience and paying attention to opportunities for progress and interaction with entrepreneurs are components. These are important aspects of economic intelligence, and people's awareness of these components can contribute to their economic success and progress

Structural model of health anxiety based on intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety sensitivity with mediating the role of rumination in college students

Background and Aim: The purpose of this research was to investigate the structural model of health anxiety based on uncertainty intolerance and anxiety sensitivity with the mediation of rumination in students. Research method: This descriptive research project was conducted with structural equation modeling and with the presence of 454 people with the online sampling method among the students of Azad University, Science and Research Unit in the academic year of 1401-1400. To measure the research variables, Salkoskis et al.'s Short List of Health Anxiety (2002), Friston et al.'s Intolerance Scale (1994), Reiss et al.'s Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire (1986) and Nolen-Hoeksma and Maro's (1991) rumination response scale were used. Became. Data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equations using SPSS and AMOS software version 24. Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between uncertainty intolerance, anxiety sensitivity and rumination with health anxiety (P<0.01); Also, the results showed that the direct paths of this research were significant and the indirect paths of uncertainty intolerance and anxiety sensitivity through the mediating role of rumination on health anxiety were significant. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, the modified model had a good fit (RMSEA=0.051 and P-value <0.05) and the final evaluated model has a good fit and is an important step towards understanding It is considered to be an effective factor on students' health anxiety