Intercomparison of ozone vertical profile measurements by differential absorption lidar and IASI/MetOp satellite in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere

This paper introduces the technique of retrieving the profiles of vertical distribution of ozone considering temperature and aerosol correction in DIAL sounding of the atmosphere. The authors determine wavelengths, which are promising for measurements of ozone profiles in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere. An ozone differential absorption lidar is designed for the measurements. The results of applying the developed technique to the retrieval of the vertical profiles of ozone considering temperature and aerosol correction in the altitude range 6–15 km in DIAL sounding of the atmosphere confirm the prospects of ozone sounding at selected wavelengths of 341 and 299 nm with the proposed lidar. The 2015 ozone profiles retrieved were compared with satellite IASI data and the Kruger model

Lidar measurements of ozone in the upper troposphere - lower stratosphere at Siberian lidar station in Tomsk

The paper presents the results of DIAL measurements of the vertical ozone distribution at the Siberian lidar station. Sensing is performed according to the method of differential absorption and scattering at wavelength pair of 299/341 nm, which are, respectively, the first and second Stokes components of SRS conversion of 4th harmonic of Nd:YAG laser (266 nm) in hydrogen. Lidar with receiving mirror 0.5 m in diameter is used to implement sensing of vertical ozone distribution in altitude range of 6-16 km. The temperature correction of zone absorption coefficients is introduced in the software to reduce the retrieval errors

Measurement of ozone concentration in the lower stratosphere - upper troposphere

We describe an ozone lidar and consider an algorithm for retrieving the ozone concentration, taking into consideration the aerosol correction. Results of lidar measurements at wavelengths 299 and 341 nm well agree with model estimates, indicating that ozone is sensed with acceptable accuracies in the altitude range of about 6-18 km. It should be noted that the retrieved profiles of altitude distribution of ozone concentration more closely resemble those from satellite data than according to Krueger model. A lidar is developed and put into operation at Siberian Lidar Station (SLS) to measure the vertical ozone distribution (VOD) in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere. Sensing is performed according to the method of differential absorption and scattering at wavelength pair 299/341 nm, which are respectively the first and second Stokes components of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) conversion of the fourth harmonic of Nd:YAG laser (266 nm) in hydrogen

DIAL measurements of the vertical ozone distribution at the Siberian lidar station

The paper presents the results of DIAL measurements of the vertical ozone distribution at the Siberian lidar station. Sensing is performed according to the method of differential absorption and scattering at wavelength pair of 299/341 nm, which are, respectively, the first and second Stokes components of SRS conversion of 4th harmonic of Nd:YAG laser (266 nm) in hydrogen. Lidar with receiving mirror 0.5 m in diameter is used to implement sensing of vertical ozone distribution in altitude range of 6-16 km. The temperature correction of zone absorption coefficients is introduced in the software to reduce the retrieval errors

Quasi-fixed point scenario in the modified NMSSM

The simplest extension of the MSSM that does not contradict LEP II experimental bound on the lightest Higgs boson mass at $\tan\beta\sim 1$ is the modified Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MNSSM). We investigate the renormalization of Yukawa couplings and soft SUSY breaking terms in this model. The possibility of $b$-quark and $\tau$-lepton Yukawa coupling unification at the Grand Unification scale $M_X$ is studied. The particle spectrum is analysed in the vicinity of the quasi-fixed point where the solutions of renormalization group equations are concentrated at the electroweak scale.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX2

Higgs bosons in the simplest SUSY models

Nowadays in the MSSM the moderate values of $\tan\beta$ are almost excluded by LEP II lower bound on the lightest Higgs boson mass. In the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model the theoretical upper bound on it increases and reaches maximal value in the strong Yukawa coupling limit when all solutions of renormalization group equations are concentrated near the quasi-fixed point. For calculation of Higgs boson spectrum the perturbation theory method can be applied. We investigate the particle spectrum in the framework of the modified NMSSM which leads to the self-consistent solution in the strong Yukawa coupling limit. This model allows one to get $m_h\sim 125$ GeV at values of $\tan\beta\ge 1.9$. In the investigated model the lightest Higgs boson mass does not exceed $130.5\pm 3.5$ GeV. The upper bound on the lightest CP-even Higgs boson mass in more complicated supersymmetric models is also discussed.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures included, LaTeX 2e. Plenary talk at the Conference of RAS Nuclear Physics Department 2000 in ITEP, Moscow, Russia; to appear in Phys. Atom. Nuc

Evolutionary trajectories in rugged fitness landscapes

We consider the evolutionary trajectories traced out by an infinite population undergoing mutation-selection dynamics in static, uncorrelated random fitness landscapes. Starting from the population that consists of a single genotype, the most populated genotype \textit{jumps} from a local fitness maximum to another and eventually reaches the global maximum. We use a strong selection limit, which reduces the dynamics beyond the first time step to the competition between independent mutant subpopulations, to study the dynamics of this model and of a simpler one-dimensional model which ignores the geometry of the sequence space. We find that the fit genotypes that appear along a trajectory are a subset of suitably defined fitness \textit{records}, and exploit several results from the record theory for non-identically distributed random variables. The genotypes that contribute to the trajectory are those records that are not \textit{bypassed} by superior records arising further away from the initial population. Several conjectures concerning the statistics of bypassing are extracted from numerical simulations. In particular, for the one-dimensional model, we propose a simple relation between the bypassing probability and the dynamic exponent which describes the scaling of the typical evolution time with genome size. The latter can be determined exactly in terms of the extremal properties of the fitness distribution.Comment: Figures in color; minor revisions in tex