264 research outputs found
Probabilistic Analysis of Transportation Systems for Oil and Natural Gas
In this chapter, the need of probabilistic modeling for design, construction, and operation of oil and gas pipelines is justified. Such modeling should use information and databases on deterministic and statistical dependencies related to deformation, damage accumulation, failure, fracture accidents, and catastrophes. The probabilistic design equations and their parameters for the characteristics of strength, durability, fracture toughness, risks of accidents, and manmade catastrophes are given. The economic efficiency of pipeline management based on controlling probabilistic characteristics through conducting diagnostic, repair-and-renewal operations while ensuring the acceptable levels of reliability and safety parameters is substantiated. The results of studies in the field of statistics and probabilities of emergency situations during manufacturing, construction, and operation conducted by Russian and foreign specialists are presented
Inelastic Scattering of Tritium-Source Antineutrinos on Electrons of Germanium Atoms
Processes of the inelastic magnetic and weak scattering of
tritium-beta-source antineutrinos on the bound electrons of a germanium atom
are considered. The results obtained by calculating the spectra and cross
sections are presented for the energy-transfer range between 1 eV and 18 keV.Comment: Latex, 7 pages, 8 ps figure
Thermal detection of single e-h pairs in a biased silicon crystal detector
We demonstrate that individual electron-hole pairs are resolved in a 1 cm
by 4 mm thick silicon crystal (0.93 g) operated at 35 mK. One side of the
detector is patterned with two quasiparticle-trap-assisted
electro-thermal-feedback transition edge sensor (QET) arrays held near ground
potential. The other side contains a bias grid with 20\% coverage. Bias
potentials up to 160 V were used in the work reported here. A fiber optic
provides 650~nm (1.9 eV) photons that each produce an electron-hole () pair in the crystal near the grid. The energy of the drifting charges
is measured with a phonon sensor noise 0.09 pair.
The observed charge quantization is nearly identical for 's or 's
transported across the crystal.Comment: 4 journal pages, 5 figure
Comparison of speed and accuracy of ractal methods of determined chaos applied to recognition of sleep phases
The article presents the results of use of various fractal methods and their author modifications applied to the automated recognition of sleep phases by computer electroencephalograms. The results of the application of the Grassberger-Procaccia method, Hurst rescaled range method, the author's modification of the method of false nearest neighbors and. the method of approximating entropy for recognition of sleep phases at polysomnography are presented in the work and. compared by relative rate and. accuracy. Brief description of peculiarities of used fractal methods is given in the article. It was showed that use of fractal methods of determinate chaos in synergic approach allows to realize differentiation of sleep stages with relatively high accuracy at significantly reduced time limits with use of only one canal of encephalogram. Reliability of obtained results was estimated. by comparison with the results obtained by certified neurophysiological specialist
Single spin asymmetry measurements for inclusive productions in and \pi^-+\p_{\uparrow}\to \pi^0+X reactions at 70 and 40 GeV respectively
The inclusive asymmetries were measured in reactions and at 70 and 40 GeV/c respectively. The
measurements were made at the central region (for the first reaction) and
asymmetry is compatible with zero in the entire measured region. For the
second reaction the asymmetry is zero for small region () and increases with growth of . Averaged
over the interval the asymmetry was .Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; Presented at SPIN-2004 at Trieste, October
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