4,029 research outputs found
(In)commensurability, scaling and multiplicity of friction in nanocrystals and application to gold nanocrystals on graphite
The scaling of friction with the contact size and (in)commensurabilty of
nanoscopic and mesoscopic crystals on a regular substrate are investigated
analytically for triangular nanocrystals on hexagonal substrates. The crystals
are assumed to be stiff, but not completely rigid. Commensurate and
incommensurate configurations are identified systematically. It is shown that
three distinct friction branches coexist, an incommensurate one that does not
scale with the contact size () and two commensurate ones which scale
differently (with and ) and are associated with various
combinations of commensurate and incommensurate lattice parameters and
orientations. This coexistence is a direct consequence of the two-dimensional
nature of the contact layer, and such multiplicity exists in all geometries
consisting of regular lattices. To demonstrate this, the procedure is repeated
for rectangular geometry. The scaling of irregularly shaped crystals is also
considered, and again three branches are found (). Based
on the scaling properties, a quantity is defined which can be used to classify
commensurability in infinite as well as finite contacts. Finally, the
consequences for friction experiments on gold nanocrystals on graphite are
discussed
Constructing quantum vertex algebras
This is a sequel to \cite{li-qva}. In this paper, we focus on the
construction of quantum vertex algebras over \C, whose notion was formulated
in \cite{li-qva} with Etingof and Kazhdan's notion of quantum vertex operator
algebra (over \C[[h]]) as one of the main motivations. As one of the main
steps in constructing quantum vertex algebras, we prove that every
countable-dimensional nonlocal (namely noncommutative) vertex algebra over
\C, which either is irreducible or has a basis of PBW type, is nondegenerate
in the sense of Etingof and Kazhdan. Using this result, we establish the
nondegeneracy of better known vertex operator algebras and some nonlocal vertex
algebras. We then construct a family of quantum vertex algebras closely related
to Zamolodchikov-Faddeev algebras.Comment: 37 page
Vertex-algebraic structure of the principal subspaces of certain A_1^(1)-modules, I: level one case
This is the first in a series of papers in which we study vertex-algebraic
structure of Feigin-Stoyanovsky's principal subspaces associated to standard
modules for both untwisted and twisted affine Lie algebras. A key idea is to
prove suitable presentations of principal subspaces, without using bases or
even ``small'' spanning sets of these spaces. In this paper we prove
presentations of the principal subspaces of the basic A_1^(1)-modules. These
convenient presentations were previously used in work of
Capparelli-Lepowsky-Milas for the purpose of obtaining the classical
Rogers-Ramanujan recursion for the graded dimensions of the principal
subspaces.Comment: 20 pages. To appear in International J. of Mat
Crossover in the Slow Decay of Dynamic Correlations in the Lorentz Model
The long-time behavior of transport coefficients in a model for spatially
heterogeneous media in two and three dimensions is investigated by Molecular
Dynamics simulations. The behavior of the velocity auto-correlation function is
rationalized in terms of a competition of the critical relaxation due to the
underlying percolation transition and the hydrodynamic power-law anomalies. In
two dimensions and in the absence of a diffusive mode, another power law
anomaly due to trapping is found with an exponent -3 instead of -2. Further,
the logarithmic divergence of the Burnett coefficient is corroborated in the
dilute limit; at finite density, however, it is dominated by stronger
divergences.Comment: Full-length paragraph added that exemplifies the relevance for dense
fluids and makes a connection to recently observed, novel long-time tails in
a hard-sphere flui
Non Abelian Sugawara Construction and the q-deformed N=2 Superconformal Algebra
The construction of a q-deformed N=2 superconformal algebra is proposed in
terms of level 1 currents of quantum affine
Lie algebra and a single real Fermi field. In particular, it suggests the
expression for the q-deformed Energy-Momentum tensor in the Sugawara form. Its
constituents generate two isomorphic quadratic algebraic structures. The
generalization to is also proposed.Comment: AMSLATEX, 21page
Hard thermal effective action in QCD through the thermal operator
Through the application of the thermal operator to the zero temperature
retarded Green's functions, we derive in a simple way the well known hard
thermal effective action in QCD. By relating these functions to forward
scattering amplitudes for on-shell particles, this derivation also clarifies
the origin of important properties of the hard thermal effective action, such
as the manifest Lorentz and gauge invariance of its integrand.Comment: 6 pages, contribution of the quarks to the effective action included
and one reference added, version to be published in Phys. Rev.
The 3-graviton vertex function in thermal quantum gravity
The high temperature limit of the 3-graviton vertex function is studied in
thermal quantum gravity, to one loop order. The leading () contributions
arising from internal gravitons are calculated and shown to be twice the ones
associated with internal scalar particles, in correspondence with the two
helicity states of the graviton. The gauge invariance of this result follows in
consequence of the Ward and Weyl identities obeyed by the thermal loops, which
are verified explicitly.Comment: 19 pages, plain TeX, IFUSP/P-100
Non-linear electromagnetic interactions in thermal QED
We examine the behavior of the non-linear interactions between
electromagnetic fields at high temperature. It is shown that, in general, the
log(T) dependence on the temperature of the Green functions is simply related
to their UV behavior at zero-temperature. We argue that the effective action
describing the nonlinear thermal electromagnetic interactions has a finite
limit as T tends to infinity. This thermal action approaches, in the long
wavelength limit, the negative of the corresponding zero-temperature action.Comment: 7 pages, IFUSP/P-111
A central extension of \cD Y_{\hbar}(\gtgl_2) and its vertex representations
A central extension of \cD Y_{\hbar}(\gtgl_2) is proposed. The bosonization
of level module and vertex operators are also given.Comment: 10 pages, AmsLatex, to appear in Lett. in Math. Phy
Dynamical transitions in incommensurate systems
In the dynamics of the undamped Frenkel-Kontorova model with kinetic terms,
we find a transition between two regimes, a floating incommensurate and a
pinned incommensurate phase. This behavior is compared to the static version of
the model. A remarkable difference is that, while in the static case the two
regimes are separated by a single transition (the Aubry transition), in the
dynamical case the transition is characterized by a critical region, in which
different phenomena take place at different times. In this paper, the
generalized angular momentum we have previously introduced, and the dynamical
modulation function are used to begin a characterization of this critical
region. We further elucidate the relation between these two quantities, and
present preliminary results about the order of the dynamical transition.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, file 'epl.cls' necessary for compilation
provided; subm. to Europhysics Letter
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