Age-realted dementia in Kazahstan: adaptation of the 10/66 dementia research group population -based study protocol

Background. The prevalence of dementia is increasing worldwide as the population ages and affects 10 % of the population over 65 years old and 40 % of people over the age of 80.[1] In Kazakhstan, as well as in other countries around the world, the population of aged people has been increasing over the past decades. According to available statistics, by the end of 2013, the percentage of people aged 65 and older in Kazakhstan was 6.7% [2]. Given the fact that Kazakhstan's current population is about 17,221 million people [2], and based on data from the global statistics, it can be assumed that at least 115,000 elderly people could be suffering from age-related dementia. Nevertheless, such pathology is currently may not being diagnosed in Kazakhstan; consequently giving no accurate statistical data on the number of people suffering from this age-related pathology. Thus, the aim of this study is to estimate true prevalence of dementia and assess the risk factors associated with the disease

Age-realted dementia in Kazahstan: adaptation of the 10/66 dementia research group population -based study protocol

Background. The prevalence of dementia is increasing worldwide as the population ages and affects 10 % of the population over 65 years old and 40 % of people over the age of 80.[1] In Kazakhstan, as well as in other countries around the world, the population of aged people has been increasing over the past decades. According to available statistics, by the end of 2013, the percentage of people aged 65 and older in Kazakhstan was 6.7% [2]. Given the fact that Kazakhstan's current population is about 17,221 million people [2], and based on data from the global statistics, it can be assumed that at least 115,000 elderly people could be suffering from age-related dementia. Nevertheless, such pathology is currently may not being diagnosed in Kazakhstan; consequently giving no accurate statistical data on the number of people suffering from this age-related pathology. Thus, the aim of this study is to estimate true prevalence of dementia and assess the risk factors associated with the disease

Development of rational technology of rods production on a radial-shift mill (RSM)

The radial- shift mill (RSM) of a new design, which makes it possible to obtain high quality rods by the combined rolling-pressing process is proposed in this article. By using the MSC.SuperForge program the quantitative data has been obtained and main regularities of the stress-strain state distribution during rolling in smooth, helical rolls and rolling-pressing of billets on a RSM of a new design were established. Special attention is paid to the influence analysis of rolling in smooth and helical rolls and to the rolling-pressing on the formation of structures in rods from M1copper alloy. It has been established that processing by the combined process makes it possible to form a finegrained structure along the cross-section of the bars without disrupting the continuity of the billet material. By using physical modeling the effect of temperature-deformation processing modes on the kinetics of dynamic recrystallization of copper alloy M1has been studied. The dependence of the size of the recrystallized grain from temperature and degree of deformation has been established

Development of rational technology of rods production on a radial-shift mill (RSM)

The radial- shift mill (RSM) of a new design, which makes it possible to obtain high quality rods by the combined rolling-pressing process is proposed in this article. By using the MSC.SuperForge program the quantitative data has been obtained and main regularities of the stress-strain state distribution during rolling in smooth, helical rolls and rolling-pressing of billets on a RSM of a new design were established. Special attention is paid to the influence analysis of rolling in smooth and helical rolls and to the rolling-pressing on the formation of structures in rods from M1copper alloy. It has been established that processing by the combined process makes it possible to form a finegrained structure along the cross-section of the bars without disrupting the continuity of the billet material. By using physical modeling the effect of temperature-deformation processing modes on the kinetics of dynamic recrystallization of copper alloy M1has been studied. The dependence of the size of the recrystallized grain from temperature and degree of deformation has been established

Small molecule targeting of the p38/Mk2 stress signaling pathways to improve cancer treatment

Purpose: Although a long-term goal of cancer therapy always has been the development of agents that selectively destroy cancer cells, more recent trends have been to seek secondary agents that sensitize cancer cells to existing treatment regimens. In this regard, the present study explored the possibility of using small molecule inhibitors of p38MAPK/MK2 stress signaling pathways as potential agents to enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells with abrogated G1 checkpoint to the DNA damaging agent etoposide by specifically targeting the DNA damage-induced G2 cell cycle checkpoint. Methods: We have applied CCK8 and FACS-based viability assays and cell cycle analysis to investigate the effect of small molecules SB203580 and MK2.III on the sensitivity of small cell lung cancer cells (SCLC) that lack the G1 checkpoint to the DNA damaging agent Etoposide when used in combination. We have also assessed the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy on tumor xenograft suppression with etoposide and MK2.III in immunosuppressed mice. In addition, additional CCK8 cell viability analysis of the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, and SW620, and SW480 colorectal cancer cell lines was performed. Results: Results suggest that etoposide produces a profound effect on the cell cycle profile of cells in a manner that is consistent with the degree of cell viability that is seen using the viable cell assay. Results of the co-treatment experiments revealed that the p38/MK2 kinase inhibitors SB203580 and MK2.III both enhanced the DNA-damaging effects of etoposide on NCI-H69 cell viability in vitro. Results revealed that in vivo MK2.III was able to act as a chemosensitizer when used in combination with etoposide making NCI-H69 lung cancer cells sensitive to chemotherapeutic drug by 45% compared to single usage of the drug. We also report that MK2.III sensitizes metastatic cell lines SW-620 and MDA-MB-231 to etoposide but does not increase the sensitivity of non-metastasizing SW-480 colorectal cells to DNA damaging agent in vitro. Conclusion: Findings reported in this study provide evidence that specific inhibitors of MK2 may indeed improve overall cancer therapy; however, their effectiveness depends on cell types

ДИВЕРСИФИКАЦИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН

The article examines the diversification of production, aswell as the priorities to achieve early stabilization of theeconomy using the anti-crisis measures, and that, basically, is to strengthen the financial condition and effective balance of the country, to the anti-inflationary measures. In thesecircumstances, it was important for the state to maximize thepotential of the commodity sector of the economy, and this policy has achieved macroeconomic stabilization, which created the basis for deepening economic reforms.В статье рассматриваются вопросы диверсификации производства, атакжеприоритетыдостиженияскорейшей стабилизацииэкономикисиспользованиемантикризисных мер, икоторые, в основном, сводилиськукреплениюфинансовогосостоянияиплатежеспособногобалансастраны, кантиинфляционныммерам. Вэтихусловияхважным длягосударствабыломаксимальноиспользоватьпотенциалсырьевогосектораэкономики, иэтаполитикапозволила достичь макроэкономической стабилизации, что создало основу для углубления экономических реформ

ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В РЫНОЧНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

The article examines the effectiveness of vocational education, which can be viewed in two ways: as a subsystem , operated bythe needs for skilled workers - the micro-level, and as a subsystemthrough which achieved saturation of the labor market competitivestaff, contributing to higher rates of growth of national income - the macro level. The latter is a new direction, displacing the center of gravity to study the problems of a single educational institution onthe analysis of the economy of the whole country, in which the activities of the educational system, on the one hand, and employment oftrained workers, on the other.В статье рассматривается эффективность профессионального образования, которую можно рассматривать в двух аспектах: как подсистему, функционированиекоторойобеспечиваетудовлетворение потребностейвквалифицированныхрабочихкадрах- микроуровень, и как подсистему, посредством которой достигается насыщение рынка труда конкурентоспособным персоналом, способствующим повышению темпов роста национального дохода - макроуровень. Последнийявляетсяпринципиальноновымнаправлением, перемещающимцентртяжестисизученияпроблем, отдельновзятогоучебногоучреждениянаанализэкономикивсейстраны, врамкахкоторой осуществляется деятельность образовательной системы, с одной стороны, и трудовая деятельность обученных работников, с друго

ВНЕШНЕТОРГОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН: ПРОБЛЕМЫ, ПРИОРИТЕТЫ И МЕХАНИЗМ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ

The article examines the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which occupy a special place in government programs, liberalization of foreign trade, development and consolidation of foreign economic relations , to rationalize the structure of exports and imports, in order to enhance the competitiveness of domestic goods and services. Importance of having rationalization of the structure of exports and imports . Structure of imports focused on meeting consumer needs. The main feature is the same export monoorientirovannost it, which is unusual for world exports. Monoorientirovannost means that the country’s export base are a few types of exported goods, mainly fuel and raw materials. In turn, this causes a narrow list of exports, raw specialization economy and implies a high dependence on the world market prices of fuel and raw materials.В статье рассматриваются вопросы внешнеторговой политики Республики Казахстан, которые занимают особое место в правительственных программах, либерализации внешнеэкономической деятельности, налаживанию и укреплению внешнеэкономических связей, рационализации структуры экспорта и импорта, в целях повышения конкурентоспособности отечественных товаров и услуг. Особо важное значение приобретает рационализация структуры экспорта и импорта. Структура импорта республики ориентирована на удовлетворение потребительских нужд. Главной особенностью же экспорта является его моноориентированность, что нехарактерно для мирового экспорта. Моноориентированность означает то, что основу экспорта республики составляют несколько видов экспортируемых товаров, в основном, топливно-сырьевые ресурсы. В свою очередь, это вызывает узость номенклатур экспортируемых товаров, сырьевую специализацию экономики, а также влечет высокую зависимость от конъюнктуры цен на мировых рынках топлива и сырья