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    ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก ๋ณด๋„ ๋ถ„์„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ต์œกํ•™๊ณผ, 2017. 2. ๋ฐฑ์ˆœ๊ทผ.๊ฐ์ข… ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ  ์œ ํ†ต๋˜๋Š” ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ(big data) ์‹œ๋Œ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก ๋ณด๋„ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ดˆยท์ค‘๋“ฑ ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก ๋ณด๋„ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก  ๋งค์ฒด์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๋„๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑยท๊ฒฐ์ •ยท์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? ๋‘˜์งธ, 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑยท๊ฒฐ์ •ยท์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์…‹์งธ, 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์Ÿ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑยท๊ฒฐ์ •ยท์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ์„ , ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—ฌ๋ก  ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ ์ ์œ ์œจ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋„ค์ด๋ฒ„ ๋‰ด์Šค ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋„๋œ 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ… ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์ด 1,598๊ฑด์„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ์–ธ์–ด์ธ ํŒŒ์ด์ฌ(Python) ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์›น ์Šคํฌ๋ž˜ํ•‘(web-scraping) ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์ด 1,512๊ฑด์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ(preprocessing)์™€ ํ˜•ํƒœ์†Œ ๋ถ„์„(morphological analysis)์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ž๋™ํ™”๋œ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ๋ถ„์„(automated text analysis) ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ธ ๋ฒ„์ฆˆ(buzz) ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด(keyword) ๋นˆ๋„ ๋ถ„์„, ํ† ํ”ฝ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง(topic modeling)์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ธ ์ž ์žฌ ๋””๋ฆฌํด๋ ˆ ํ• ๋‹น(Latent Dirichlet Allocation: LDA)์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์–ธ๋ก  ๋งค์ฒด์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๋„๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑยท๊ฒฐ์ •ยท์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณด๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ด๋ค„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๊ณ  ์ง‘ํ–‰๋˜๊ธฐ ์ง์ „๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๊ตญ์ •ํ™” ๋…ผ๋ž€์ด ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”๋œ ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ๋งŒ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์–ธ๋ก  ๋งค์ฒด์˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋นˆ๋„(Term Frequency: TF)๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ, ๊ต์œก๋ถ€, ์—ญ์‚ฌ, ํ•™์ƒ, ๊ตญ์ •, ๊ต๊ณผ, ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต, ๊ต์›, ์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต, ์ค‘ํ•™๊ต ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์ƒ์œ„ ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ์ถœํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํˆฌ์–ด์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์–ด ๋นˆ๋„-์—ญ๋ฌธ์„œ ๋นˆ๋„(TF-Inverse Document Frequency: TF-IDF)๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ, ๊ตญ์ •, ํ•œ์ž, ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด, ์ˆ˜ํ•™, ์ •๋ถ€, ๊ณผํ•™, ์ˆ˜์—…, ์ˆ˜๋Šฅ, ๊ต์œก์ฒญ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์–ธ๋ก  ๋งค์ฒด์˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑยท๊ฒฐ์ •ยท์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด์˜ ๋นˆ๋„(TF-IDF ๊ธฐ์ค€)๊ฐ€ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด, ์ˆ˜๋Šฅ, ๊ณผํ•™, ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ์ด์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œ„ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ์ž, ๊ตญ์ •, ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌํ•‘, ์ •๋ถ€, ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ด, ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ, ๊ตญ์ •, ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด, ๊ต์œก์ฒญ, ํ•œ๊ธ€์ด ์ตœ์ƒ์œ„ ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์–ธ๋ก  ๋งค์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์Ÿ์ ์€ ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ โ‘  ๊ณ ๊ต ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ณผ๋ชฉ ์šด์˜, โ‘ก ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๊ตญ์ •ํ™” ๊ณ ์‹œ, โ‘ข ํ˜„์žฅ๊ต์› ์˜๊ฒฌ ์ˆ˜๋ ด, โ‘ฃ ์ดˆ๋“ฑ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ํ•œ์ž ๋ณ‘๊ธฐ, โ‘ค ์ˆ˜๋Šฅยท๋Œ€์ž…์ œ๋„ ๊ฐœ์„ , โ‘ฅ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋‚ด์šฉ, โ‘ฆ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ๊ต์œก ๊ฐ•ํ™”, โ‘ง ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๊ตญ์ •ํ™” ๊ด€๋ จ ์ •์น˜์  ๋Œ€๋ฆฝ, โ‘จ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๊ตญ์ •ํ™” ์ฐฌ๋ฐ˜ ๋…ผ๋ž€, โ‘ฉ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ์ง‘ํ•„์ง„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ, โ‘ช ๊ต์ˆ˜ยทํ•™์Šต ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ์„ , โ‘ซ ์ฒดํ—˜ยท์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ๊ฐ•ํ™”, โ‘ฌ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๊ฐœ์ •์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ, โ‘ญ ์•ˆ์ „๊ต์œก ๊ฐ•ํ™”, โ‘ฎ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ง€์›์ฒด์ œ ๊ตฌ์ถ•, โ‘ฏ ์ž์œ ํ•™๊ธฐ์ œ ์šด์˜(์ด์ƒ ๋ฌธ์„œ์ˆ˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ •๋ ฌ)์˜ 16๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์งธ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์–ธ๋ก  ๋งค์ฒด์˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์Ÿ์ ์€ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑยท๊ฒฐ์ •ยท์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™๊ต์œก ์ถ•์†Œ ์šฐ๋ ค, ๊ณ ๊ต ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ณผ๋ชฉ ๋„์ž…, ์ˆ˜๋Šฅยท๋Œ€์ž…์ œ๋„ ๊ฐœ์„ , ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ๊ต์œก ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋“ฑ์˜ 5๊ฐœ ์ฃผ์š” ์Ÿ์ ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ต ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ณผ๋ชฉ ์šด์˜, ์ดˆ๋“ฑ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ํ•œ์ž ๋ณ‘๊ธฐ, ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๊ตญ์ •ํ™” ์ฐฌ๋ฐ˜ ๋…ผ๋ž€ ๋“ฑ์˜ 11๊ฐœ ์ฃผ์š” ์Ÿ์ ์ด, ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ต์›์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ๊ณต๊ต์œก ์ •์ƒํ™”, ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๊ตญ์ •ํ™” ๊ณ ์‹œ ๋“ฑ์˜ 9๊ฐœ ์Ÿ์ ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์˜์˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ… ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŒํผ, ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ…๋“ค๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๋”์šฑ ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ฌ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.I. ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 4 โ…ก. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 5 1. ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ… ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก ๋ณด๋„ ๋ถ„์„ 5 ๊ฐ€. ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ… ํ‰๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 5 ๋‚˜. ์–ธ๋ก ๋ณด๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ… ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 7 2. 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ… 11 ๊ฐ€. 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๋„์ž…๊ณผ ์ „๊ฐœ ๊ณผ์ • 11 ๋‚˜. 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 21 ๋‹ค. 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ… ๊ด€๋ จ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์„ 47 3. ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 54 ๊ฐ€. ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ํŠน์„ฑ 54 ๋‚˜. ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ถ„์„ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 57 ๋‹ค. ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…ํ‰๊ฐ€ 81 โ…ข. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 90 1. ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ 90 ๊ฐ€. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ 90 ๋‚˜. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํด๋ฆฌ๋‹ 98 2. ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 103 ๊ฐ€. ๋ฒ„์ฆˆ ๋ถ„์„ 103 ๋‚˜. ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด ๋นˆ๋„ ๋ถ„์„ 103 ๋‹ค. ํ† ํ”ฝ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง 105 โ…ฃ. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 110 1. 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก  ๋งค์ฒด์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๋„ ๋ถ„์„ 110 ๊ฐ€. ์ •์ฑ… ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ 111 ๋‚˜. ์ •์ฑ… ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋‹จ๊ณ„ 111 ๋‹ค. ์ •์ฑ… ์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ 112 2. 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ… ๊ด€๋ จ ์–ธ๋ก ๋ณด๋„์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด ๋ถ„์„ 114 ๊ฐ€. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ „์ฒด 114 ๋‚˜. ์ •์ฑ… ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ 116 3. 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์Ÿ์  ๋ถ„์„ 119 ๊ฐ€. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ „์ฒด 119 ๋‚˜. ์ •์ฑ… ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ 128 โ…ค. ์š”์•ฝ ๋ฐ ๋…ผ์˜ 137 1. ์š”์•ฝ 137 2. ๋…ผ์˜ 140 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 149 ๋ถ€ ๋ก 170 Abstract 198Docto

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    Analysis of the Type and Influencing Factors of Student Engagement in 4-year Universities Using Multi-level Latent profile Analysis

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์œ ํ˜•๊ณผ ์ด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์ธต ์ž ์žฌํ”„๋กœํŒŒ์ผ ๋ถ„์„(multi-level latent profile analysis)์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋ฐ ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์š”์ธ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ใ€Œ2018 ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€งํ•™์Šต๊ณผ์ •์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌใ€์— ์‘๋‹ตํ•œ 66๊ฐœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ํ•™์ƒ ์ด 33,327๋ช…์ด๋ฉฐ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ๊ณ ์ฐจ์  ํ•™์Šต, ๋Šฅ๋™์  ํ•™์Šต๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ธ์ง€์  ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์Šคํ„ฐ๋”” ํ™œ๋™, ๊ต์ˆ˜-ํ•™์ƒ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ํ•™์Šต๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰๋™์  ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์œ ํ˜•์€ โ‘  ์ตœ์ € ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ง‘๋‹จ, โ‘ก ์ €์ธ์ง€-์ €ํ–‰๋™ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ง‘๋‹จ, โ‘ข ์ค‘์ธ์ง€-์ค‘ํ–‰๋™ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ง‘๋‹จ, โ‘ฃ ๊ณ ์ธ์ง€-์ค‘ํ–‰๋™ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ง‘๋‹จ, โ‘ค ์ค‘์ธ์ง€-๊ณ ํ–‰๋™ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ง‘๋‹จ, โ‘ฅ ๊ณ ์ธ์ง€-๊ณ ํ–‰๋™ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ 6๊ฐœ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์œ ํ˜• ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ํ•™๊ธฐ, ๋Œ€ํ•™๋ชฐ์ž…, ์ „๊ณต๊ณ„์—ด, ์ „๊ณต ๊ด€๋ จ ์ง„๋กœ ๊ณ„ํš ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์œ ํ˜•, ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ˆ˜์—… ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„, ๊ฐ•์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์œ ํ˜•๊ณผ ์ด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ๋‹ค์ธต ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ถ”ํ›„ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์ œ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค

    Analysis of the Developmental Type and Influencing Factors of CollegeStudentsCareerMaturityUsingLatentTransitionAnalysis

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    ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œก๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์›์ด ์ฃผ์ตœํ•œ ์ œ12ํšŒ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œก์ข…๋‹จ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ•™์ˆ ๋Œ€ํšŒ(2018.11.30.)์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ์›๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ยท๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„.์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์–‘์ƒ๊ณผ ์ด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž ์žฌ์ „์ด๋ถ„์„(latent transition analysis)์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์ข…๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ํ›„, ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ „์ด ์–‘์ƒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ใ€Œํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œก์ข…๋‹จ์—ฐ๊ตฌ2005ใ€์˜ 7, 9์ฐจ๋…„๋„ ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์— ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‘๋‹ตํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ 678๋ช…์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต 1ํ•™๋…„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์™€ 4ํ•™๋…„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ์ž ์žฌ ํ”„๋กœํŒŒ์ผ ์–‘์ƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต 1ํ•™๋…„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์†Œ๊ทน์ , ์ค‘์ˆ˜์ค€, ๊ณ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ 3๊ฐœ ์ž ์žฌ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, 4ํ•™๋…„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์†Œ๊ทน์ , ์ €์ˆ˜์ค€, ๊ณ ์ˆ˜์ค€, ์ ๊ทน์ ์˜ 4๊ฐœ ์ž ์žฌ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ „์ด ์–‘์ƒ์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต 1ํ•™๋…„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ์ž ์žฌ ํ”„๋กœํŒŒ์ผ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ํ”„๋กœํŒŒ์ผ์˜ ์ „์ด์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์€ ์ „์ด ์–‘์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๊ทน์ , ๊ณ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต 1ํ•™๋…„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ž์•„๊ฐœ๋…์ด, ์ค‘์ˆ˜์ค€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต 4ํ•™๋…„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ต๋‚ด ์ทจ์—…์ง€์› ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์— ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ง„๋กœ์„ฑ์ˆ™๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ์„œ ์ถ”ํ›„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์ง„๋กœ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ์ง€์› ๊ด€๋ จ ์ •์ฑ… ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์ง„๋กœ์ง€์› ์ฒด๊ณ„ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ์‹œ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in career maturity of college students and the important factors influencing them. The subjects of this study were 678 undergraduates who responded to both the 7th and 9th year career maturity items of the Korean Educational Longitudinal Study 2005. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, the latent profiles of career maturity during the first year in college (Passive, Middle Level, and High Level) were different from the latent profiles of career maturity during the fourth year in college (Passive, Low Level, High Level, and Active). Second, the transition patterns of career maturity were different according to the latent status of career maturity in the first year in college. Third, the variables affecting the transition of career maturity were different according to the transition pattern. The self-concept of the first year in college, for Passive and High Level groups, and the experience of on-campus employment support programs during the third and fourth years in college, for Middle Level group, had a positive impact on career maturity development. This study provides empirical background on career maturity change in college years. Also, this study may contribute to the establishment of policies related to career development support and career support system at university level

    A Theoretical Inquiry on the Construct for Teaching Competence in Secondary School

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ค‘๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰(ๆ•ŽๆŽˆๅŠ›้‡, teaching competence) ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ, ์ค‘๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์ธ(construct)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋จผ์ € ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ต๊ณผ๊ต์œก์„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์‹ค์ฒœ์  ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ด์ฒด๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์‹ค์ฒœ์  ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜„์ง ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค ๋ฐ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฉด๋‹ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์‹ค์ฒœ์  ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ•˜์œ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 5๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•˜์œ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ โ‘  ๊ต๊ณผ ์ง€์‹(contents), โ‘ก ํ•™์Šต์ž์™€ ํ•™์Šต(learner and learning), โ‘ข ๊ต์ˆ˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ(instructional design and development), โ‘ฃ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ํ™˜๊ฒฝ(teaching and learning environment), โ‘ค ํ‰๊ฐ€(evaluation)๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ฒœ์  ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•˜์œ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ โ‘  ๊ณ„ํš๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง(planning and organization), โ‘ก ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต(communication), โ‘ข ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ(interaction), โ‘ฃ ์กฐ์ •(coordination), โ‘ค ์„ฑ์˜์™€ ์—ด์˜(sincerity and enthusiasm)๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. The purpose of this study is to inquire theoretically into the construct of teaching competence for teachers in secondary school. Based on literature reviews, the concept of teaching competence is defined as an integrated set of theoretical teaching competence and practical teaching competence in order to implement subject-matter instruction successfully. Through literature reviews and interviews, it is also suggested that the construct of theoretical teaching competence for teachers in secondary school might be composed of five sub-constructs: โ‘  contents, โ‘ก learner and learning, โ‘ข instructional design and development, โ‘ฃ teaching and learning environment, โ‘ค evaluation. And practical teaching competence might be composed of five sub-constructs: โ‘  planning and organization, โ‘ก communication, โ‘ข interaction, โ‘ฃ coordination, โ‘ค sincerity and enthusiasm. This study can be helpful to develop a measurement tool for teaching competence in secondary school in order to evaluate and improve teacher's teaching competence in the future

    The Development of Web-based Performance Assessment Tool of Students' ICT Literacy

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ์ฐจ์›์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์›น๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ˜•(้‚่กŒๅฝข) ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒํ™ฉ(context)ร—๊ณผ์ œ(task)ร—๊ธฐ๋Šฅ(functionality)์˜ 3๊ฐœ ์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ˜• ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ ํ•™๊ต๊ธ‰๋ณ„๋กœ 2๏ฝž3๊ฐœ์˜ ์†Œ๊ณผ์ œ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ˜• ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฌธํ•ญ๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฃจ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ยท๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ํ›„, ์ด 20๋ช…์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํ‰์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉํƒ€๋‹น๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ˜• ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ โ‘  ๋“ฑ๋ก ๋ฐ ๋กœ๊ทธ์ธ, โ‘ก ์„ ๋‹คํ˜• ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰, โ‘ข๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๋ณ€์ธ ์„ค๋ฌธ ์‘๋‹ต, โ‘ฃ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ˜• ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰, โ‘ค ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ˜• ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์ฑ„์ , โ‘ฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์กฐํšŒ์˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์›น๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋น„๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ „๊ตญ ์†Œ์žฌ์˜ ์ดˆโ€ค์ค‘โ€ค๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ด 14๊ฐœ ํ•™๊ธ‰์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ์ข… ๋ถ„์„์€ ์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต 6ํ•™๋…„ 66๋ช…(3๊ฐœ๊ต), ์ค‘ํ•™๊ต 3ํ•™๋…„ 49๋ช…(2๊ฐœ๊ต), ์ธ๋ฌธ๊ณ„๊ณ  2ํ•™๋…„ 66๋ช…(2๊ฐœ๊ต), ์ „๋ฌธ๊ณ„๊ณ  2ํ•™๋…„ 77๋ช…(3๊ฐœ๊ต)์œผ๋กœ ์ด 258๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ˜• ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ•ญ ๋‚œ์ด๋„์™€ ๋ณ€๋ณ„๋„๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ด€๋ถ„์„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ธํƒ€๋‹น๋„์™€ ๋ณ€๋ณ„ํƒ€๋‹น๋„, ์ฑ„์ ์ž ๊ฐ„ ์ผ์น˜๋„ ์—ญ์‹œ ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. The purpose of this study is to develop the web-based performance assessment tool of ICT literacy for elementary and secondary school students to evaluate their high-level thinking abilities directly. To do this, three-dimensional framework ('contextร—taskร—functionality') was developed on the basis of literature reviews and analysis of Korean curriculum materials and textbooks. Test items and their rubrics with 2-3 large and short tasks were developed under this framework. The content validity of the test was verified by 20 experts. Pilot test was performed in the following stages by the web-based test system: โ‘  registration and log-in, โ‘ก administration of multiple-choice test, โ‘ข response to the background questionnaire, โ‘ฃ administration of performance-based test, โ‘ค scoring for performance-based test, and โ‘ฅ check evaluation results. The pilot test was analyzed targeting 66 sixth grade elementary school students (3 schools), 49 third grade junior high school students (2 schools), 66 second grade senior humanities high school students (2 schools), and 77 vocational high school students (3 schools). The results of pilot test showed that the item difficulty and discrimination were reasonable. Also, the construct validity, discriminant validity, and inter-rater reliabilities of the developed test were moderate

    Development of Self-Diagnostic Indicators for ICT in Primary and Secondary Schools

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์ดˆยท์ค‘ยท๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ•™๊ต์˜ ๊ต์œก์ •๋ณดํ™” ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ใ†ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹จ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ธก์ •์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ…ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์ค€, ๊ต์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ค€, ํ•™์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์ž๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹จ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋˜, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ํˆฌ์ž… ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ™œ์šฉ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ต์œก์ •๋ณดํ™”์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ICT ํ™œ์šฉ ํ•™์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์  ์ธํ”„๋ผ, ๊ต์œก์ •๋ณดํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌ์ •์  ๊ทœ๋ชจ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•™๊ต์žฅ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ต์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜ใ†ํ•™์Šต, ์—…๋ฌด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ICT ํ™œ์šฉ๋„, ํ•™๊ต์˜ ๊ต์œก์ •๋ณดํ™” ์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ๊ต์‚ฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ICT ํ™œ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„, ๊ต์ˆ˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์—…๋ฌด์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ์ œ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•™์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ๊ต๊ณผ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ํ™œ๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ICT ํ™œ์šฉ๋„, ํ•™๊ต์˜ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ํ•™์ƒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ICT ํ™œ์šฉ ์ˆ˜์—…, ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„, ํ•™์—…์„ฑ์ทจ๋„์™€ ICT ํ™œ์šฉ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ œ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ž๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹จ์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ ์–‘ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 20๋ช…์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ๋ถ„์•ผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํ‰์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ณ„ ๋‚ด์šฉํƒ€๋‹น๋„๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ์ดˆยท์ค‘ยท๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์ด 79๊ฐœ, ๊ต์‚ฌ 512๋ช…, ํ•™์ƒ 2,269๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ๋น„๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•™๊ต, ๊ต์‚ฌ, ํ•™์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๋ณ€๋ณ„ํƒ€๋‹น๋„, ๊ตฌ์ธํƒ€๋‹น๋„, ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ž๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹จ์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š” ์ธก์ •ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. The purpose of this study is to develop the self-diagnostic indicators for each school to analyze the performance of ICT in education. The indicators are reflected the characteristics of elementary and secondary schools, and included the quantitative and qualitative data related to 'utilization', 'outcomes' as well as 'input' for ICT. The self-diagnostic indicators are developed for three dimensions: 1) school level, 2) teacher level, and 3) student level. In order to check the validity and reliability of each developed indicators, the pilot test was conducted for 79 schools, 512 teachers, and 2,269 students. Based upon the data analysis, The Self-Diagnostic Indicators for ICT have good content and construct validity as well as discriminant validity. In addition, the reliability of teacher and student level indicators was 0.92 and 0.82 respectively. In conclusion, the developed Self-Diagnostic Indicators for ICT in primary and secondary schools have acceptable psychometric characteristics

    An Evaluation Study on the ICT Literacy of Secondary School Students in South Korea

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ค‘โ‹…๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์˜ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ(ICT literacy; ์ดํ•˜ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ)๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •โ‹…ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฑ์ˆœ๊ทผ ์™ธ(2009)์˜ '์ค‘โ‹…๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์šฉ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ'๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ค‘ํ•™์ƒ 15,117๋ช…๊ณผ ์ธ๋ฌธ๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต 1ํ•™๋…„ ํ•™์ƒ 2,429๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด 12๋ช…์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํŒจ๋„์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ๋ถ๋งˆํฌ(bookmark) ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ค‘โ‹…๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์˜ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ '์šฐ์ˆ˜', '๋ณดํ†ต', '๊ธฐ์ดˆ', '๋ฏธํก'์˜ ๋„ค ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ค‘โ‹…๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์˜ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ '๊ธฐ์ดˆ' ์ˆ˜์ค€(100์  ๋งŒ์ ์˜ ํ™˜์‚ฐ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘ํ•™์ƒ์€ 39.40์ , ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์€ 39.93์ )์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ค‘ํ•™์ƒ์€ '์šฐ์ˆ˜' 4.2%, '๋ณดํ†ต' 45.5%, '๊ธฐ์ดˆ' 43.1%, '๋ฏธํก' 7.2%์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์€ '์šฐ์ˆ˜' 2.8%, '๋ณดํ†ต' 41.3%, '๊ธฐ์ดˆ' 48.8%, '๋ฏธํก' 7.1% ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์š”์†Œ๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์ค‘ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ '์ •๋ณด์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ์œค๋ฆฌ'์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  '์ •๋ณด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ'์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์€ '์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์™€ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ'์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, '์ •๋ณด์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ์œค๋ฆฌ'์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์š”์†Œ๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์ค‘ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ '์ •๋ณด์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ'์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  '์ •๋ณด์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€'์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์€ '์ •๋ณด์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€'์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, '์ •๋ณด์˜ ํƒ์ƒ‰'์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ICT literacy of secondary school students in South Korea. 15,117 junior high school students and 2,429 senior high school students took the ICT literacy test which was developed by Baek, et al. (2009). The competency levels for ICT literacy were categorized as 'insufficient', 'basic', 'normal', and 'excellent' using bookmark method. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, the average ICT literacy level of secondary school students in South Korea appeared 'normal' level. To be specific, 4.2% out of the total number of junior high school students accounted for excellent, 45.5% for 'normal, 43.1% for basic, and 7.2% for insufficient. As for the senior high school students, 2.8% out of the total accounted for excellent, 41.3% for normal, 48.8% for basic, and 7.1% for insufficient. Second, as for the strands of contents, junior high school students showed the best results in 'information society and its ethical issues', the least in 'information processing'. Besides, senior high school students showed the best results in 'computer and network', the least for 'information society and its ethical issues'. Third, as for the strands of ability, junior high school students showed the best results in 'to utilize and manage information acquired', the least in 'to evaluate the reliability of information acquired'. Whereas, senior high school students showed the best results in 'to evaluate the reliability of information acquired', the least for 'to search information'

    The Development of Standardized ICT Literacy Assessment for Secondary School Student

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ค‘ยท๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ์†Œ์–‘(ICT literacy; ์ดํ•˜ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ) ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ยทํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ํ˜‘์˜ํšŒ ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„(frame)์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธํ•ญ์€ '๋‚ด์šฉ์š”์†Œร—๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์š”์†Œ'๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์ด์›๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ‘œ์ƒ์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚ด์šฉ์š”์†Œ๋Š” โ‘  ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์™€ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ, โ‘ก ์ •๋ณด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ, โ‘ข ์ •๋ณด์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ์œค๋ฆฌ๋กœ, ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์š”์†Œ๋Š” โ‘  ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์ธ์‹, โ‘ก ์ •๋ณด์˜ ํƒ์ƒ‰, โ‘ข ์ •๋ณด์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€, โ‘ฃ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ์ฐฝ์ถœ, โ‘ค ์ •๋ณด์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ, โ‘ฅ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์†Œํ†ต์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์€ ์„ธ ์ฐจ๋ก€์— ๊ฑธ์นœ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ํ˜‘์˜ํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘ยท๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต๋ณ„ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฌธํ•ญ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ์–‘ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ์„  10๋ช…์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํ‰์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฌธํ•ญ๋ณ„ ๋‚ด์šฉํƒ€๋‹น๋„๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์†Œ์žฌํ•œ ์ค‘ยท๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์˜ ์ค‘ํ•™์ƒ 207๋ช…๊ณผ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ 128๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘ยท๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ด 60๋ฌธํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์˜ˆ๋น„๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์˜ ์ •๋‹ต๋ฅ ๊ณผ ๋ณ€๋ณ„๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ค‘ยท๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์š”์†Œ๋ณ„๋กœ 5๋ฌธํ•ญ์”ฉ ๊ณ ๋ฃจ ๋ถ„ํฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚œ์ด๋„์™€ ๋ณ€๋ณ„๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ ์ด 30๊ฐœ์˜ ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ๋ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์™„์„ฑ๋œ ์ค‘โ€ค๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์šฉ ICT ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ถ„์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 0.72์™€ 0.62์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ™•์ธ์  ์š”์ธ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ธํƒ€๋‹น๋„๋Š” ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. The purpose of this study is to develop the ICT literacy assessment for secondary school student to evaluate their ICT literacy level. To do this, the concept of ICT literacy and framework of the test were developed on the basis of literature reviews and a series of expert conferences. Item pool was developed under the strands of 'contents' and 'abilities'. The strands of contents were categorized into 3 dimensions: i) computer and network, ii) information processing, and iii) information society and ethnical issues. The strands of abilities were categorized into 6 dimensions: i) to identify a problem, ii) to process information acquired, โ…ฒ) to evaluate the reliability of information acquired, โ…ณ) to create and re-organize information acquired, v) to utilize and manage information acquired, and โ…ต) to communicate and share with information. The contents of item pool were reviewed by the expert conferences three times and the content validity of the test was also verified by 10 experts. The 60 items with five-multiple choices were prepared for junior and senior high school respectively. The pilot test was performed and analyzed for item difficulty and item discrimination, targeting 207 junior high school students and 128 senior high school students. With the results from preliminary test and expert conferences, the final version of ICT literacy assessment was confirmed. The developed ICT literacy assessment items were selected in balance with 5 items from each ability strands. The 30 items have been prepared verified by the degree of item difficulty and discrimination. The complete form of ICT literacy assessment has good construct validity, which was checked by the confirmatory factor analysis using structural equation model. Also, the split-half reliability was estimated .72 and .62 respectively
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