Unbundling in Current Broadband and Next-Generation Ultra-Broadband Access Networks

This article overviews the methods that are currently under investigation for implementing multi-operator open-access/shared-access techniques in next-generation access ultra-broadband architectures, starting from the traditional "unbundling-of-the-local-loop" techniques implemented in legacy twisted-pair digital subscriber line access networks. A straightforward replication of these copper-based unbundling-of-the-local-loop techniques is usually not feasible on next-generation access networks, including fiber-to-the-home point-to-multipoint passive optical networks. To investigate this issue, the article first gives a concise description of traditional copper-based unbundling-of-the-local-loop solutions, then focalizes on both next-generation access hybrid fiber-copper digital subscriber line fiber-to-the-cabinet scenarios and on fiber to the home by accounting for the mix of regulatory and technological reasons driving the next-generation access migration path, focusing mostly on the European situation. © 2014 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

Utilising a cultural–historical analysis to map the historicity of Social Studies, Natural Science and Technology education in the early years

Background: South Africa needs citizens who are morally sound, adaptive to change, technologically innovative and literate in socio-scientific issues. The young child is apparently being prepared for active citizenry through basic “Social Science, Natural Sciences and Technology” education as encapsulated in the South African curriculum. Aim: We foreground a theoretical and analytical framework to map the cultural–historical trajectory of South Africa’s Beginning Knowledge curriculum. Setting: Cultivating citizenship requires that these science subject domains be incorporated in a coherent, well-conceptualised and relevant early childhood curriculum as suggested by international literature. Educators need to be specialists in socio-scientific issues in both the content and pedagogy of these sciences in order to expound the curriculum. Methods: Our newly coined hybridised theoretical framework - the ‘Hybrid CHAT’ - together with an aligned analytical framework enabled us to illuminate the historical subject-didactical genetic development of Beginning Knowledge. An extensive sample of typographical textbooks, artefacts and cultural tools were analysed and interpreted. Results: Beginning Knowledge is afforded limited teaching time. The knowledge, skills and values associated with these science subjects serve to support and strengthen the acquisition of language and mathematics competencies. Currently, Beginning Knowledge does not sufficiently prepare child citizens for the global demands of the 21st century. Conclusion: Hybrid CHAT could invite further studies to place Beginning Knowledge on par with international curricula. This would also align the curriculum with the aspirations for an ideal South African citizenry as well as prepare child citizens to pursue Science and Technology for social development

Next-Generation Vision Consortium on ROK-US and the Indo-Pacific Publication

The East-West Center, in partnership with and generous sponsorship from the Korea Foundation, invited representatives of youth-oriented organizations specializing in international relations to the Next-Generation Vision Consortium on ROK-US and the Indo-Pacific to build and strengthen their knowledge of Korea, the US-Korea relationship, and international affairs. Participants from organizations such as student-led associations, volunteer organizations, youth networks, think tanks, and universities located across the United States were selected through an application process to participate in a series of workshops in which they had the opportunity to engage with one another and with eminent guest speakers. The final workshop, convening participants in-person from across the country, was held at the Korea Foundation’s new office in Washington, DC, to celebrate the conclusion of the program and the beginning of a lasting network of young professionals engaged on these important issues. Presentations and discussions summarized herein do not reflect the views of any particular participant, speaker, or of the East-West Center and the Korea Foundation

Behaviours and Technical Recommendations of the COAR Next Generation Repositories Working Group: Report

The widespread deployment of repository systems in higher education and research institutions provides the foundation for a distributed, globally networked infrastructure for scholarly communication. However, repository platforms are still using technologies and protocols designed almost twenty years ago, before the boom of the Web and the dominance of Google, social networking, semantic web and ubiquitous mobile devices.In April 2016, COAR launched the Next Generation Repositories Working Group to identify the core functionalities for the next generation of repositories, as well as the architectures and technologies required to implement them. This report presents the results of work by this group over the last 1.5 years. The Next Generation Repositories Working Group has explicitly focused on the generic technologies required by all repositories to support the adoption of common behaviors. This report describes 11 new behaviors, as well as the technologies, standards and protocols that will facilitate the development of new services on top of the collective network, including social networking, peer review, notifications, and usage assessment. 1. Exposing Identifiers 2. Declaring Licenses at a Resource Level 3. Discovery through Navigation 4. Interacting with Resources (Annotation, Commentary and Review) 5. Resource Transfer 6. Batch Discovery 7. Collecting and Exposing Activities 8. Identification of Users 9. Authentication of Users 10. Exposing Standardized Usage Metrics 11. Preserving Resources The behaviors and technologies in this report are a snapshot of the current status of technology, standards and protocols available, but we are aware that technologies will continue to evolve

Dynamic Consent and Health care

Colloque organisé dans le cadre du Programme COST IS1303 - CHIP ME, Ethical, legal and social issues concerning genetic testing and public-private interactions in genomics, dans le cadre du Working Group 1 et de l'HELEX workshop (Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, University of Oxford