77 research outputs found
Aristelliger praesignis (Jamaican Croaking Lizard). Maximum Size.
This article is available as on open access publication downloadable from the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles website https://ssarherps.org/herpetological-review-pdfs/. The attached file is the published pdf
Importance of Preoperative Imaging in Acetabular Revision Surgery - A Case Report
Acetabular defects, particularly as a result of protrusion of acetabular components into the hemipelvis, may cause serious complications during revision procedures as a result of iatrogenic injury to surrounding anatomical structures. In these challenging cases, we advocate the utilisation of preoperative three dimensional imaging. MRI and CT- imaging offer superior understanding of the three-dimensional quality of bony defects and the relationship of implants to important anatomical structures. Appropriate preoperative planning may also prevent major complications during the removal of the pre-existing hardware, prior to re-implantation of implants. Potential complications include injury of nerves, blood vessels and other intrapelvic structures
Observations of Ly Emitters at High Redshift
In this series of lectures, I review our observational understanding of
high- Ly emitters (LAEs) and relevant scientific topics. Since the
discovery of LAEs in the late 1990s, more than ten (one) thousand(s) of LAEs
have been identified photometrically (spectroscopically) at to . These large samples of LAEs are useful to address two major astrophysical
issues, galaxy formation and cosmic reionization. Statistical studies have
revealed the general picture of LAEs' physical properties: young stellar
populations, remarkable luminosity function evolutions, compact morphologies,
highly ionized inter-stellar media (ISM) with low metal/dust contents, low
masses of dark-matter halos. Typical LAEs represent low-mass high- galaxies,
high- analogs of dwarf galaxies, some of which are thought to be candidates
of population III galaxies. These observational studies have also pinpointed
rare bright Ly sources extended over kpc, dubbed
Ly blobs, whose physical origins are under debate. LAEs are used as
probes of cosmic reionization history through the Ly damping wing
absorption given by the neutral hydrogen of the inter-galactic medium (IGM),
which complement the cosmic microwave background radiation and 21cm
observations. The low-mass and highly-ionized population of LAEs can be major
sources of cosmic reionization. The budget of ionizing photons for cosmic
reionization has been constrained, although there remain large observational
uncertainties in the parameters. Beyond galaxy formation and cosmic
reionization, several new usages of LAEs for science frontiers have been
suggested such as the distribution of {\sc Hi} gas in the circum-galactic
medium and filaments of large-scale structures. On-going programs and future
telescope projects, such as JWST, ELTs, and SKA, will push the horizons of the
science frontiers.Comment: Lecture notes for `Lyman-alpha as an Astrophysical and Cosmological
Tool', Saas-Fee Advanced Course 46. Verhamme, A., North, P., Cantalupo, S., &
Atek, H. (eds.) --- 147 pages, 103 figures. Abstract abridged. Link to the
lecture program including the video recording and ppt files :
https://obswww.unige.ch/Courses/saas-fee-2016/program.cg
Inhalation characteristics and their effects on in vitro drug delivery from dry powder inhalers .2. Effect of peak flow rate (PIFR) and inspiration time on the in vitro drug release from three different types of commercial dry powder inhalers
Three commercial dry powder inhalers with completely different dosing and powder disintegration principles were evaluated in an in vitro deposition study. A four-stage cascade impactor was used for the range of flow rates between 20 and 60 1/min. Turbuhaler, Diskhaler and Spinhaler showed increasing amounts of drug discharged from the dose system with increasing peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR). Only for the Spinhaler, was discharge influenced by total inspiration time as well. All three inhalers also showed improved powder disintegration with increasing PIFR. Highest fine particle yield was obtained from the Turbuhaler, reaching a maximum of 35-40% of the nominal dose at flow rates of 50-60 1/min. In comparison, less than 10% of the nominal dose from the Spinhaler and on average 23% from the Diskhaler were released as fine drug particles at 60 1/min. From the work of inspiration involved, it has been concluded that a short and fast inspiration through the Turbuhaler gives an optimal result from fine particle output and from efficiency point of view
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