"Incubadora dos Direitos Sociais - Patronato": uma análise do subprograma no Município de Londrina (PR)

Anais do 35º Seminário de Extensão Universitária da Região Sul - Área temática: Direitos Humanos e Justiça / EducaçãoEste trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o Subprograma: Incubadora dos Direitos Sociais – PATRONATO no município de Londrina. Através da pesquisa qualitativa, o estudo apresenta o percurso do Subprograma desde a sua implementação, bem como, as atividades das áreas envolvidas e relevância de sua permanência no município. Para tanto, conclui que é necessário haver uma readequação em determinadas exigências do Subprograma, bem como, destaca a importância de uma Política Pública para o Regime Abert

ENERGY RETROFIT IN A HISTORIC BUILDING IN PELOTAS, RS, ACCORDING TO RTQ-C AND ENERPHIT

A cidade de Pelotas possui 1.700 prédios inventariados pelo município, tendo no seu centro um grande acervo de prédios históricos. É de suma importância criar mecanismos de incentivo para evitar degradamento por abandono. Um desses mecanismos é o retrofit energético, pois além de revitalizar a edificação, também melhora o nível de conforto térmico de seus usuários. Este estudo teve como objeto o retrofit em uma edificação histórica comercial do séc. XIX de Pelotas, RS. Para comparar o desempenho energético da edificação antes e após o retrofit, foram adotados como parâmetros o RTQ-C (Requisitos técnicos para o nível de eficiência energética de edificações comerciais, de serviços e públicas) e a certificação alemã EnerPHit Standard. As simulações computacionais foram realizadas com o software EnergyPlus, observando possíveis medidas de otimização do nível de desempenho da edificação de modo a preservar a fachada e a volumetria do edifício. Em seguida, avaliou-se o custo destas modificações e o tempo de retorno do investimento. Por fim, contatou-se que é possível realizar o retrofit energético em um edifício histórico sem alterar os elementos arquitetônicos de sua fachada obtendo níveis elevados de eficiência energética e conforto térmico. Palavras-chave: Desempenho termoenergético, Patrimônio histórico, Revitalização da edificação.The city of Pelotas has 1,700 buildings inventoried by the municipality, having in its downtow a great collection of historical buildings. In this sense, it is very important to create mechanisms of incentive to avoid degradation by abandonment. One of these mechanisms is the energy retrofit because, in addition to revitalizing the building, it also improves the thermal comfort of its users. This study had as its object the retrofit in a commercial historical building of the century. XIX of Pelotas. To compare the energy performance of the building before and after the retrofit, the RTQ-C (Technical requirements of the energy efficiency level of commercial, services and public buildings) and the German EnerPHit Standard certification were adopted as parameters. The computational simulations were carried out with EnergyPlus software, observing possible energy optimization measures to preserve the façade and the volume of the building. Then, the cost of these modifications and the payback of the investment were evaluated. Finally, it was verified that it is possible to carry out the energy retrofit in a historical building without changing the architectural elements if its façade obtained a high level of thermal comfort and energy efficiency of the building.Keywords: Thermoenergetic performance. Historical hetirage. Building revitalization

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the GJB2 and GJB6 genes are associated with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are important markers in many studies that link DNA sequence variations to phenotypic changes; such studies are expected to advance the understanding of human physiology and elucidate the molecular basis of diseases. The DFNB1 locus, which contains the GJB2 and GJB6 genes, plays a key role in nonsyndromic hearing loss. Previous studies have identified important mutations in this locus, but the contribution of SNPs in the genes has not yet been much investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of nine polymorphisms located within the DFNB1 locus with the occurrence of autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL). The SNPs rs3751385 (C/T), rs7994748 (C/T), rs7329857 (C/T), rs7987302 (G/A), rs7322538 (G/A), rs9315400 (C/T), rs877098 (C/T), rs945369 (A/C), and rs7333214 (T/G) were genotyped in 122 deaf patients and 132 healthy controls using allele-specific PCR. There were statistically significant differences between patients and controls, in terms of allelic frequencies in the SNPs rs3751385, rs7994748, rs7329857, rs7987302, rs945369, and rs7333214 (P < 0.05). No significant differences between the two groups were observed for rs7322538, rs9315400, and rs877098. Our results suggest that SNPs present in the GJB2 and GJB6 genes may have an influence on ARNSHL in humans2015CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFundacao Herminio Ometto/FH

Septic arthritis of the knee: clinical and laboratory comparison of groups with different etiologies

OBJECTIVES: To clinically and epidemiologically characterize a population diagnosed with and treated for septic arthritis of the knee, to evaluate the treatment results and to analyze the differences between patients with positive and negative culture results, patients with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates and patients with S. aureus- and non-S. aureus-related infections. METHODS: One hundred and five patients with septic knee arthritis were included in this study. The clinical and epidemiological data were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed to compare patients with and without an isolated causative agent, patients with Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens and patients with S. aureus-related and non S. aureus-related infections. RESULTS: Causative agents were isolated in 81 patients. Gram-positive bacteria were isolated in 65 patients and Gram-negative bacteria were isolated in 16 patients. The most commonly isolated bacterium was S. aureus. Comparing cases with an isolated pathogen to cases without an isolated pathogen, no differences between the studied variables were found except for the longer hospital stays of patients in whom an etiological agent was identified. When comparing Gram-positive bacteria with Gram-negative bacteria, patients with Gram-positive-related infections exhibited higher leukocyte counts. Patients with S. aureus-related infections were more frequently associated with healthcare-related environmental encounters. CONCLUSION: S. aureus is the most common pathogen of septic knee arthritis. Major differences were not observed between infections with isolated and non-isolated pathogens and between infections with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. S. aureus infections were more likely to be associated with a prior healthcare environment exposure

Anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of a standardized dichloromethane extract from piper umbellatum l. leaves

Despite the advances in anticancer drug discovery field, the worldwide cancer incidence is remarkable, highlighting the need for new therapies focusing on both cancer cell and its microenvironment. The tumor microenvironment offers multiple targets for cancer therapy, including inflammation. Nowadays, almost 75% of the anticancer agents used in chemotherapy are derived from natural products, and plants are an important source of new promising therapies. Continuing our research on Piper umbellatum species, here we describe the anticancer (in vitro antiproliferative activity and in vivo Ehrlich solid tumor model) and anti-inflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis models) activities of a standardized dichloromethane extract (SDE) from P. umbellatum leaves, containing 23.9% of 4-nerolidylcatechol. SDE showed in vitro and in vivo antiproliferative activity, reducing Ehrlich solid tumor growth by 38.7 and 52.2% when doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively, were administered daily by oral route. Daily treatments did not produce signals of toxicity. SDE also reduced paw edema and leukocyte migration on carrageenan-induced inflammation models, suggesting that the anticancer activity of SDE from Piper umbellatum leaves could involve antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. These findings highlight P. umbellatum as a source of compounds against cancer and inflammation2015CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPES133897/2012-5sem informaçã

Synthesis, Dna Binding, And Antiproliferative Activity Of Novel Acridine-thiosemicarbazone Derivatives.

In this work, the acridine nucleus was used as a lead-compound for structural modification by adding different substituted thiosemicarbazide moieties. Eight new (Z)-2-(acridin-9-ylmethylene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide derivatives (3a-h) were synthesized, their antiproliferative activities were evaluated, and DNA binding properties were performed with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) by electronic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Both hyperchromic and hypochromic effects, as well as red or blue shifts were demonstrated by addition of ctDNA to the derivatives. The calculated binding constants ranged from 1.74 × 10(4) to 1.0 × 10(6) M(-1) and quenching constants from -0.2 × 10(4) to 2.18 × 10(4) M(-1) indicating high affinity to ctDNA base pairs. The most efficient compound in binding to ctDNA in vitro was (Z)-2-(acridin-9-ylmethylene)-N- (4-chlorophenyl) hydrazinecarbothioamide (3f), while the most active compound in antiproliferative assay was (Z)-2-(acridin-9-ylmethylene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (3a). There was no correlation between DNA-binding and in vitro antiproliferative activity, but the results suggest that DNA binding can be involved in the biological activity mechanism. This study may guide the choice of the size and shape of the intercalating part of the ligand and the strategic selection of substituents that increase DNA-binding or antiproliferative properties.1613023-1304

Tratamento em massa para controle das helmintíases intestinais em área endêmica na Amazônia Brasileira

The objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and evaluate the sanitary conditions and the role of a mass treatment campaign for control of these infections in Santa Isabel do Rio Negro. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2002, to obtain data related to the sanitary conditions of the population and fecal samples for parasitological examination in 308 individuals, followed by a mass treatment with albendazole or mebendazole with coverage of 83% of the city population in 2003. A new survey was carried out in 2004, involving 214 individuals, for comparison of the prevalences of intestinal parasitosis before and after the mass treatment. The prevalences of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infection were 48%; 27% and 21% respectively in 2002. There was a significant decrease for the frequency of infections by Ascaris lumbricoides (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.44 / 0.30 - 0.65), Trichuris trichiura (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.37 / 0.22 - 0.62), hookworm (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.03 / 0.01 - 0.15) and helminth poliparasitism (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.16 / 0.08 - 0.32). It was also noticed a decrease of prevalence of infection by Entamoeba histolytica / dispar (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.30 / 0.19 - 0.49) and non-pathogenic amoebas. It was inferred that a mass treatment can contribute to the control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis as a practicable short-dated measure. However, governmental plans for public health, education and urban infrastructure are essential for the sustained reduction of prevalences of those infections.O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a prevalência e o papel de um tratamento em massa das helmintíases intestinais em Santa Isabel do Rio Negro, Estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Foi realizado em 2002 um estudo seccional, incluindo inquérito copro-parasitológico, objetivando a obtenção das prevalências das parasitoses intestinais e dados sobre as condições sanitárias do local, estudando-se uma amostra de 308 indivíduos. Em 2003 foi realizada intervenção para tratamento em massa das helmintíases intestinais com administração de albendazol (ou mebendazol para crianças entre 12 e 24 meses) na sede do município, alcançando-se 83% de cobertura. Novo inquérito copro-parasitológico foi realizado em 2004, para comparação das prevalências antes a após o tratamento. As prevalências das infecções por Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura e ancilostomídeos foram 48%, 27% e 21%, respectivamente em 2002. Em 2004 observou-se redução significativa das infecções por Ascaris lumbricoides (p < 0,05; OR / 95% IC = 0,44 / 0,30 - 0,65), Trichuris trichiura (p < 0,05; OR / 95% IC = 0,37 / 0,22 - 0,62), ancilostomídeos (p < 0,05; OR / 95% IC = 0,03 / 0,01 - 0,15) e poliparasitismo por helmintos intestinais (p < 0,05; OR / 95% IC = 0,16 / 0,08 - 0,32). Foi também observada redução da prevalência de infecção por Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (p < 0,05; OR / 95% CI = 0,30 / 0,19 - 0,49). Concluiu-se que o tratamento em massa pode auxiliar o controle das helmintíases intestinais, porém ações governamentais em infraestrutura urbana e educação são essenciais para uma redução sustentada das prevalências destas infecções

Gold nanoparticles inhibit steroid-insensitive asthma in mice preserving histone deacetylase 2 and NRF2 pathways

Background: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can inhibit pivotal pathological changes in experimental asthma, but their effect on steroid-insensitive asthma is unclear. The current study assessed the effectiveness of nebulized AuNPs in a murine model of glucocorticoid (GC)-resistant asthma. Methods: A/J mice were sensitized and subjected to intranasal instillations of ovalbumin (OVA) once a week for nine weeks. Two weeks after starting allergen stimulations, mice were subjected to Budesonide or AuNP nebulization 1 h before stimuli. Analyses were carried out 24 h after the last provocation. Results: We found that mice challenged with OVA had airway hyperreactivity, eosinophil, and neutrophil infiltrates in the lung, concomitantly with peribronchiolar fibrosis, mucus production, and pro-inflammatory cytokine generation compared to sham-challenged mice. These changes were inhibited in mice treated with AuNPs, but not Budesonide. In the GCresistant asthmatic mice, oxidative stress was established, marked by a reduction in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) levels and catalase activity, accompanied by elevated values of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), phosphoinositide 3-kinases δ (PI3Kδ) expression, as well as a reduction in the nuclear expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in the lung tissue, all of which sensitive to AuNPs but not Budesonide treatment. Conclusion: These findings suggest that AuNPs can improve GC-insensitive asthma by preserving HDAC2 and NRF2

Perfil de atuação do nutricionista responsável técnico pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar em Municípios do Estado De Minas Gerais / Profile of the nutritionist responsible for the National School Feeding Program in Municipalities of the State of Minas Gerais

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a atuação do nutricionista Responsável Técnico (RT) pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE), com ênfase no tipo de vínculo empregatício e na carga horária executada, e sua relação com a execução das atribuições pertinentes ao cargo, em municípios do Estado de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com dados coletados por questionário semiestruturado enviado por meio eletrônico aos RT's dos municípios do estado de Minas Gerais. A amostra final alcançou 166 municípios, o que corresponde a dos municípios do estado. Dos entrevistados: 46,9% tem idade entre 25 e 30 anos; 56,6% tem vínculo estatutário com o município; 62,1% atende entre 501 e 2.500 alunos; 67,4% trabalha entre 11 e 30 horas semanais; e 43,3% está no emprego a um ano ou menos. Dos municípios que indicam o Quadro Técnico (QT), 76% não o têm. Os resultados não demonstraram diferença substancial na execução das atribuições quando se compara o tipo de vínculo empregatício (estável ou não estável) e a carga horária executada (? 29 e ? 30 horas semanais). Contudo, evidenciaram um alto percentual de descumprimento de uma grande parcela das atribuições devidas ao nutricionista da alimentação escolar, recomendando-se a investigação de outros fatores que podem contribuir para este perfil