El aprendizaje activo como estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza del cálculo

El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del Cálculo siempre ha sido objeto de preocupación a nivel mundial, el alto índice de reprobados, la deserción escolar aunada a una enseñanza tradicional donde el alumno tiene un papel pasivo en el que debe ser disciplinado, acrítico y sumiso (Torres, 2006) son motivos suficientes para estudiar esta problemática y desarrollar estrategias didácticas resolutivas. Las investigaciones actuales acerca del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Matemática enfatizan en la búsqueda de estrategias centradas en el aprendizaje, en donde el alumno participe activamente en la adquisición de su conocimiento (Bonwell y Eison, 1991). La presente investigación pretende comunicar las ventajas de una propuesta didáctica basada en el aprendizaje activo y la técnica de la pregunta. También se muestra un análisis estadístico comparativo entre el antes y después de la mencionada propuesta

Resilient infrastructure: Lessons from Chile

This article looks at the key factors in building infrastructure that is resilient to natural disasters. It examines Chile’s experience in this matter, particularly in relation to the 2010 Maule earthquake, which affected the center and south of the country, and then puts forward more general recommendations for the rest of the region. Seismic phenomena may intensify as a consequence of climate change. This article describes the specific technical requirements that new infrastructure should meet to lessen the damage caused by earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, volcano eruptions, and other natural disasters

Predicting Vertical Jump Height from Bar Velocity

The objective of the study was to assess the use of maximum (Vmax) and final propulsive phase (FPV) bar velocity to predict jump height in the weighted jump squat. FPV was defined as the velocity reached just before bar acceleration was lower than gravity (-9.81 m·s-2). Vertical jump height was calculated from the take-off velocity (Vtake-off) provided by a force platform. Thirty swimmers belonging to the National Slovenian swimming team performed a jump squat incremental loading test, lifting 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of body weight in a Smith machine. Jump performance was simultaneously monitored using an AMTI portable force platform and a linear velocity transducer attached to the barbell. Simple linear regression was used to estimate jump height from the Vmax and FPV recorded by the linear velocity transducer. Vmax (y = 16.577x - 16.384) was able to explain 93% of jump height variance with a standard error of the estimate of 1.47 cm. FPV (y = 12.828x - 6.504) was able to explain 91% of jump height variance with a standard error of the estimate of 1.66 cm. Despite that both variables resulted to be good predictors, heteroscedasticity in the differences between FPV and Vtake-off was observed (r2 = 0.307), while the differences between Vmax and Vtake-off were homogenously distributed (r2 = 0.071). These results suggest that Vmax is a valid tool for estimating vertical jump height in a loaded jump squat test performed in a Smith machine.This study was supported by grants awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (DEP2012-35774) and Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (Predoctoral Grant FPU12/00360)

El Rey. En carta de diez y siete de agosto de mil setecientos noventa y quatro, dió cuenta el Fiscal de mi Real Audiencia de Santiago de Chile ... de que habiendo tratado Don Pedro Pablo de la Carrera, cura de la villa de Talca ..., permutar su curato por unas capellanías preordianadas, y fundadas por Don Joseph Ignacio Cienfuegos ...

Tít. tomado de comienzo de textoSe ha respetado la puntuación originalTít. en h. 2r: "Prohibiendo por punto general en los Reynos de Indias é Islas Filipinas, las permutas de curatos, por Capellanías o Beneficios"Texto firmado. "Yo El Rey" "Por mandado del Rey Ntro. Sor. Silvestre Collar"Texto fechado en Badajoz, 14 de febrero de 1796Papel timbrado en h. 1r y 2v: "Para despachos de oficio quatro mrs. Sello quarto, año de mil setecientos noventa y seis"Sign.: []\p2\

International conference on the healthy effect of virgin olive oil

Ageing represents a great concern in developed countries because the number of people involved and the pathologies related with it, like atherosclerosis, morbus Parkinson, Alzheime's disease, vascular dementia, cognitive decline, diabetes and cancer. Epidemiological studies suggest that a Mediterranean diet (which is rich in virgin olive oil) decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The Mediterranean diet, rich in virgin olive oil, improves the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as the lipoprotein profile, blood pressure, glucose metabolism and antithrombotic profile. Endothelial function, inflammation and oxidative stress are also positively modulated. Some of these effects are attributed to minor components of virgin olive oil. Therefore, the definition of the Mediterranean diet should include virgin olive oil. Different observational studies conducted in humans have shown that the intake of monounsaturated fat may be protective against age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Microconstituents from virgin olive oil are bioavailable in humans and have shown antioxidant properties and capacity to improve endothelial function. Furthermore they are also able to modify the haemostasis, showing antithrombotic properties. In countries where the populations fulfilled a typical Mediterranean diet, such as Spain, Greece and Italy, where virgin olive oil is the principal source of fat, cancer incidence rates are lower than in northern European countries. The protective effect of virgin olive oil can be most important in the first decades of life, which suggests that the dietetic benefit of virgin olive oil intake should be initiated before puberty, and maintained through life. The more recent studies consistently support that the Mediterranean diet, based in virgin olive oil, is compatible with a healthier ageing and increased longevity. However, despite the significant advances of the recent years, the final proof about the specific mechanisms and contributing role of the different components of virgin olive oil to its beneficial effects requires further investigations. © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Contra la muerte

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