Carotenoid analysis of Cassava genotypes roots (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) cultivated in Southern Brazil using chemometric tools

Manihot esculenta roots rich in -carotene are an important staple food for populations with risk of vitamin A deficiency. Cassava genotypes with high pro-vitamin A activity have been identified as a strategy to reduce the prevalence of deficiency of this vitamin, In this study, the metabolomics characterization focusing on the carotenoid composition of ten cassava genotypes cultivated in southern Brazil by UV-visible scanning spectrophotometry and reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography was performed. The data set was used for the construction of a descriptive model by chemometric analysis. The genotypes of yellow roots were clustered by the higher concentrations of cis--carotene and lutein. Inversely, cream roots genotypes were grouped precisely due to their lower concentrations of these pigments, as samples rich in lycopene differed among the studied genotypes. The analytical approach (UV-Vis, HPLC, and chemometrics) used showed to be efficient for understanding the chemodiversity of cassava genotypes, allowing to classify them according to important features for human health and nutrition.(undefined

Prevalence of constipation in Down syndrome and association with behavioral problems

Objetivo: Investigar hábitos intestinais de crianças, jovens e adultos com Síndrome de Down (SD) para identificação da prevalência de constipação intestinal e analisar possíveis relações entre constipação e problemas de comportamento. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, exploratório e comparativo. Participaram 130 pessoas com diagnóstico médico de SD, idades entre sete meses e 50 anos, sem cardiopatias não corrigidas ou doenças intestinais. A avaliação foi realizada com um questionário sobre hábitos intestinais, criado a partir dos Critérios de Roma IV e das recomendações fornecidas pela Organização Mundial de Gastroenterologia e outras Associações Médicas Norte-americanas e Europeias, Escala de Bristol e Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades (SDQ). Resultados: Verificou-se 43 participantes constipados (33,1%). A prevalência por faixa etária foi 47% (0-35 meses), 40% (3-5 anos), 22% (6-11 anos), 28% (12-19 anos) e 17% (> 20 anos), sem diferenças em função do sexo. Os participantes constipados obtiveram escores mais elevados para Hiperatividade, bem como maior frequência de escores desviantes para Problemas de Conduta e Problemas Totais. Conclusões: A constipação intestinal dentre as pessoas com SD apresentou maior prevalência nos participantes mais novos. A maior presença de problemas de comportamento dentre os constipados sugere que o funcionamento intestinal está relacionado com as dificuldades comportamentais.Objective: To investigate intestinal habits of children, adolescents and adults with Down Syndrome (DS) in order to identify the prevalence of intestinal constipation and to analyze possible relationships between constipation and behavior problems. Methods: Descriptive, exploratory and comparative study. Participated 130 people with medical diagnosis of DS, aged between seven months to fifty years old, without uncorrected heart diseases or diagnosed intestinal diseases. The assessment was conducted using a questionnaire on intestinal habits, based on the Rome IV criteria and on the recommendations provided by the World Gastroenterology Organization, and other North American and European Associations; Bristol Scale and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results: 43 constipated participants (33.1%). The prevalence rate by age group was 47% (0-35 months), 40% (3-5 years), 22% (6-11 years), 28% (12-19 years) e 17% (> 20 years), without any sex difference. Constipated participants obtained significantly higher scores on the SDQ Hyperactivity scale, as well as more deviant scores on the Conduct Problems and Total Problems scales. Conclusions: Constipation among people with DS was more prevalent in younger participants. The greater presence of behavior problems among constipated individuals suggests that intestinal functioning is related to behavioral difficulties

Modelagem Matemática da Solubilização dos Polímeros Condutores por Meio de Processos Polimeranalógicos

The transition of conducting polymer from insoluble to the soluble state by chemical and electrochemical way, experimentally observed, gains its mathematical representation by means of the developed model, which was described and analyzed by means of linear stability theory and bifurcation analysis. It was shown that the influence on the behavior of the system may come not only of strongly acid media and the presence of surfactants, but also of electrophilic substitution and self-doping. Also, the behavior of the system has been compared by the electrosynthesis of conducting polymers, non-accompanied by solubilization. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v8i2.62

LC‐HRMS for the Identification of β‐Carboline and Canthinone Alkaloids Isolated from Natural Sources

β-carboline and canthinone alkaloids are widely distributed in the Angiosperms. Due to their diverse biological activities, the structures of these alkaloids have been used as important models for the synthesis of novel therapeutic drugs. Combining high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has provided a valuable tool in the analysis of these alkaloids in, for example, plants, insects, marine creatures, human tissues and body fluids. In this review, we summarized the main β-carboline and canthinone alkaloids studied by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) associated with mass analyzers, molecular weight information, mass fragmentation and biological activities, presenting an overview of increasing interest for carboline alkaloids study by LC-HRMS

Diversity of in natura propolis fungal microbiota

O presente estudo teve por objetivo realizar a identificação dos fungos encontrados na própolis produzido por Apis mellifera L. da Baía do Iguape, Brasil. Para tanto, foram utilizadas técnicas morfológicas, bioquímicas e moleculares, sendo averiguado o perfil de restrição gerado por espaçador interno transcrito (ITS1 e ITS4). O tamanho dos produtos de PCR foi analisado quanto ao perfil de restrição obtidos com endonuclease (HhaI, HaeIII e HinfI) por espécie. Foram identificadas dezesseis espécies de fungos filamentosos: Flavodon flavus, Aspergillus nomius, Aspergillus versicolor, Cladosporium sp., Coniothyrium sidae, Didymella sp., Paecilomyces variotii, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Penicillium citrinum, Fusarium incarnatum, Penicillium chermesinum, Phoma sp., Stagonosporopsis valerianellae, Phoma medicaginis, Paraphoma fimeti e Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum; e seis espécies de leveduras: Candida tropicalis, Candida guiliermondii, Candida famata, Kodomala ohmeri, Trichosporon asahiu e Cryptococcus laurentii. Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum e leveduras pertencentes ao gênero Candida foram os microrganismos de maior ocorrência nas amostras da própolis provenientes da Baía do Iguape, Brasil.This study aimed to identify the fungi found in propolis produced by Apis mellifera L. from Baía do Iguape, Brazil. For this purpose, morphological, biochemical and molecular techniques were used, and the defined profile generated by an internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS4) was investigated. The size of the PCR products was analyzed for the endonuclease selection profile (HhaI, HaeIII and HinfI) by type. Sixteen species of filamentous fungi were identified: Flavodon flavus, Aspergillus nomius, Aspergillus versicolor, Cladosporium sp., Coniothyrium sidae, Didymella sp., Paecilomyces variotii, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Penicillium citrinum, Fusarium incarnatum, Penicillium chermesinum, Phoma sp., Stagonosporopsis valerianellae, Phoma medicaginis, Paraphoma fimeti e Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum; and six yeast species: Candida tropicalis, Candida guiliermondii, Candida famata, Kodomala ohmeri, Trichosporon asahiu e Cryptococcus laurentii. Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum and yeasts belonging to the Candida genus were the most common microorganisms in propolis from Baía do Iguape, Brazil.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Brazilian recommendations on the safety and effectiveness of the yellow fever vaccination in patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases

Background: In Brazil, we are facing an alarming epidemic scenario of Yellow fever (YF), which is reaching the most populous areas of the country in unvaccinated people. Vaccination is the only effective tool to prevent YF. In special situations, such as patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (CIMID), undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, as a higher risk of severe adverse events may occur, assessment of the risk-benefit ratio of the yellow fever vaccine (YFV) should be performed on an individual level. Main body of the abstract: Faced with the scarcity of specific orientation on YFV for this special group of patients, the Brazilian Rheumatology Society (BRS) endorsed a project aiming the development of individualized YFV recommendations for patients with CIMID, guided by questions addressed by both medical professionals and patients, followed an internationally validated methodology (GIN-McMaster Guideline Development). Firstly, a systematic review was carried out and an expert panel formed to take part of the decision process, comprising BRS clinical practitioners, as well as individuals from the Brazilian Dermatology Society (BDS), Brazilian Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Study Group (GEDIIB), and specialists on infectious diseases and vaccination (from Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Immunizations National Societies); in addition, two representatives of patient groups were included as members of the panel. When the quality of the evidence was low or there was a lack of evidence to determine the recommendations, the decisions were based on the expert opinion panel and a Delphi approach was performed. A recommendation was accepted upon achieving ≥80% agreement among the panel, including the patient representatives. As a result, eight recommendations were developed regarding the safety of YFV in patients with CIMID, considering the immunosuppression degree conferred by the treatment used. It was not possible to establish recommendations on the effectiveness of YFV in these patients as there is no consistent evidence to support these recommendations. Conclusion: This paper approaches a real need, assessed by clinicians and patient care groups, to address specific questions on the management of YFV in patients with CIMID living or traveling to YF endemic areas, involving specialists from many areas together with patients, and might have global applicability, contributing to and supporting vaccination practices. We recommended a shared decision-making approach on taking or not the YFV

Organização didático-metodológica das aulas de Anatomia e Fisiologia Humana: comportamento e percepção dos estudantes

Resumo O presente artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa quantitativa, do tipo pesquisa-ação, cujo objetivo foi analisar o comportamento e a percepção dos estudantes sobre a organização didático-metodológica, através dos momentos didático-problematizadores, implementada em três aulas da Disciplina de Anatomia e Fisiologia Humana de um Curso Técnico em Enfermagem da cidade de Santa Maria, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram planejadas pelas pesquisadoras três aulas sobre os temas: sistema endócrino, tegumentar e nervoso, tendo por base a organização didático-metodológica através dos momentos didático-problematizadores. As aulas foram implementadas numa turma do Módulo I, do Curso Técnico em Enfermagem, constituída por oito estudantes. Para a coleta dos dados foram utilizados diário de bordo para registro dos comportamentos dos estudantes observados em cada aula e questionário com perguntas fechadas e abertas para identificar a percepção e sugestões dos estudantes acerca da organização didático-metodológica através dos momentos didático-problematizadores. Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se a percepção da maioria dos estudantes que considerou boa e/ou muito boa a organização didático-metodológica utilizada, assim como os seus momentos constituintes (desafio inicial, melhor solução escolar no momento, desafio mais amplo e tarefa extraclasse). Sendo que alguns estudantes ainda apresentam comportamento passivo diante do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, concluindo-se que ainda existe uma necessidade de mudanças culturais neste contexto pesquisado, partindo especialmente das ações docentes

Guidelines for the management of neuroendocrine tumours by the Brazilian gastrointestinal tumour group

Neuroendocrine tumours are a heterogeneous group of diseases with a significant variety of diagnostic tests and treatment modalities. Guidelines were developed by North American and European groups to recommend their best management. However, local particularities and relativisms found worldwide led us to create Brazilian guidelines. Our consensus considered the best feasible strategies in an environment involving more limited resources. We believe that our recommendations may be extended to other countries with similar economic standards.Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Canc Estado Sao Paulo, BR-01246000 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Radiol & Oncol, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Sirio Libanes, BR-01308050 Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Moinhos de Vento Porto Alegre, BR-90035000 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilOncoctr, BR-30360680 Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Cirurgia, BR-90040060 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Clin Porto Alegre, BR-90035903 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fac Med, Dept Fisiol & Farmacol, BR-60020180 Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilHosp Univ Walter Cantidio, BR-60430370 Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilInst Nacl Canc, BR-20230240 Rio De Janeiro, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Disciplina Endocrinol & Metabol, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, BrazilAC Camargo Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, BR-01509010 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Gastroenterol, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, BR-90050170 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Albert Einstein, BR-05652900 Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Base, Fac Med Sao Jose do Rio Preto, BR-15090000 Sao Paulo, BrazilSanta Casa Sao Jose do Rio Preto, BR-15025500 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, BrazilPontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Hosp Erasto Gaertner, BR-81520060 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Norte, BR-59300000 Natal, RN, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Coracao, BR-05403900 Sao Paulo, BrazilAC Camargo Canc Ctr, Med Oncol, BR-01509010 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Gastroenterol, BR-04021001 Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Sao Rafael, BR-41253190 Salvador, BA, BrazilHosp Canc Barretos, Dept Cirurgia Aparelho Digest Alto & Hepatobiliop, BR-14784400 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Patol, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, BrazilClin AMO, BR-1950640 Salvador, BA, BrazilHosp Sao Jose, BR-01323001 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Nove de Julho, BR-02111030 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Gastroenterol, BR-04021001 Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc