7 research outputs found
Influence of local extruded soybean cake and imported soybean meal on fattening pig productivity and pork quality
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of feeding local and imported
soybean protein feeds to fattening pigs and examining it impact on the quality of pork. The trial
was created with 40 pigs divided in two groups (20 in each). Pigs in the control group received
imported soybean meal, in the trial group local farm grown in Latvia extruded soybean cake
mixed in the compound feed. The diets were designed to be nutritionally equivalent. For fattening
pigs each diet were available on an ad libitum basis to pens. During the study pigs were weighed
three times at 84, 140 and 190 days at age. Feed consumption, pig carcass traits and meat chemical
composition were determined. The final live weight in control group was 108.33 Âą 2.904 kg and
in trial group was 111.88 Âą 2.793 kg there were no significant difference (P > 0.05). Average
daily live weight gain in the all experimental period in control group was 0.779 Âą 0.096 kg and
in trial group was 0.822 Âą 0.103 kg, there were no significant difference (P > 0.05). Feed
consumption per kg of live weight in control group was 2.39 kg in trial group was 2.24 kg. Pig
carcass traits and meat chemical composition were similar for both groups without significant
differences (P > 0.05). Soybeans grown and processed in Latvia were equivalent to imported
soybeans and gives good rates of pig growth and quality of pork
The nutrition value of soybeans grown in Latvia for pig feeding
ArticleSoybean products are excellent sources of protein for pigs because their amino acid
profiles complement those of cereal grains. Soy protein is rich in the limiting amino acids lysine,
threonine, and tryptophan that are present in relatively low concentrations in the most commonly
fed cereal grains. Amino acids in soy protein are more digestible than amino acids in most other
plants proteins, which results in less nitrogen being excreted in the manure from pigs fed diets
containing soybean meal than if other protein sources are used. The phosphorus in soy products
is bound to phytic acid, which has a low digestibility to pigs, but the digestibility of phosphorus
in soy products may be increased to more than 60% if diets are supplemented with microbial
phytase. There are no much results about nutrition value of soybean growing in Latvia. Therefore
the aim of study was determined chemical composition of soybeans growing in Latvia and
evaluates their potential in pig feeding.
Research object were soybeans growing in Latvia. In the studied samples content of protein, fat,
ash, fibre, composition of amino acids were determined and metabolizable energy were
calculated. Evaluated that protein content varied from 32.7 till 40.7%, fat content was from
18.4â21.4% and significantly differed (p < 0.05) among growing places, but the sum of essential
amino acids in the soy beans determined 115â125 g kg-1
, and were not differed significantly by
varieties. The content of lysine in protein were determined 5.1â5.5 g 100 g
-1
. Concluded that soy
bean growing in Latvia provides equilibrium high metabolizable energy for pigs â from 13.2 to
17.6 MJ kg-1
and could be used in feed
Evaluation of various legume species and varieties grown in Latvia as a raw material of plant-based protein products
Nutrition value of legumes has been traditionally attributed to its high protein content.
Protein content of legumes is variable dependent on different species and varieties, and highly
affected by environmental factors. Usually protein quality is characterized by its owns amino acid
profile in nutritional point of view. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the
protein contents and amino acid profiles of pea (Pisum sativum L), faba beans (Vicia faba L) and
soya (Glycine max L) grown in Latvia and evaluate their potential for food production. Overall
results of a five-year analysis (2013â2017) showed that the protein content of peas, faba beans
and soybean ranged from 20.0 to 26.1%, 26.6 to 30.5% and 35.9 to 40.9%, respectively. The
corresponding values of total crude fat ranged from 0.8 to 1.2%, 0.7â1.3% and 16.6 to 19.3%,
respectively. Results of study showed that the protein content of peas, faba beans and soybean
was not differed by growing system (p < 0.05). The percentage of essential amino acids for pea,
faba bean and soya were 34 to 38%, 57 to 59% and 62 to 64% respectively. The composition of
pea flakes was preserved protein content of raw material. The pea flakes has high content of lysine
of 10.1 g kg-1
, phenylalanine+thyrosine of 11.6 g kg-1
and the sum of essential amino acids of
66.4 g kg-1
. In nutritional point of view, pea flakes could be product with high-quality proten
composition
Carbon and nitrogen uptake in above- and below-ground biomass of cereal crops in the integrated farming system
Received: February 1st, 2023 ; Accepted: April 8th, 2023 ; Published: April 24th, 2023 ; Correspondence: [email protected] significant reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as technologies
that ensure removal of CO2 from the atmosphere, are necessary to achieve the set goals for the
transition to carbon neutrality. During the crop growth cycle, a significant amount of biomass is
produced, and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are captured both by the harvested crop removed from
the field and by residues left on the field. The trials were conducted to find out patterns between
crop and residues while trying to figure out the amount of captured C and N. In this study data of
the most widely grown cereal crops in Latvia are summarized. The data are representative,
obtained in different agroclimatic conditions, they vary both by species and variety, by year and
fertilizers applied. The mean amount of biomass from cereal crops left on the field was
1,070.9 g m-2 DM, besides, 906.7 g m-2 of that was made up of above-ground (AG) residues and
164.2 g m-2 of below-ground (BG) residues. On average, 471.8 g m-2 C and 14.3 g m-2 N were
captured, including: 411.2 g m-2 C and 12.9 g m-2 N by AG residues; 60.7 g m-2 C and 1.4 g m-2
N by BG residues. Regularities between grain yield and residues were found, however, they were
not very strong. The dataset should be enlarged to reduce uncertainty. As the data calculated from
crop have a greater uncertainty, the GHG inventory should be calculated according to the average
AG and BG biomass, which provide more accurate data
Adaptive potential of oat accessions in the context of their chemical and physical grain characteristics
Providing high and stable grain harvests with high content of valuable compounds in grain is an important task of crop production. The aim of the study was to assess the adaptability of oat accessions through the analysis of their chemical and physical properties and disclose relationships among adaptability indicators based on these characteristics.Eighteen oat accessions from the VIR collection, grown for 3 years in Eastern Siberia, were assessed. The content of β-glucans and oil, 1000 grain weight, and test weight were analyzed. Four adaptability indicators were measured for the aforesaid characters.Plasticity and stability parameters of the accessions showed no significant differences between the naked and hulled oat forms. Cvs. âSapsanâ (k-15444) and âAldanâ (k-15115) demonstrated the best adaptability in the content of β-glucans in grain, âSayanâ (k-14043) and âVyatskyâ (k-14960) in oil content, âKorifeyâ (k-15113) and âTaidonâ (k-15183) in 1000 grain weight, and âKorifeyâ and âGoshaâ (Đş-15120) in their test weight. Among the naked oat accessions, significant relationships were recorded between the adaptability indicators of the content of β-glucans or oil in grain and those of the test weight as well as between the average 1000 grain weight of the accessions and the parameters of their plasticity (negative correlations) or stability (positive correlations) for the said physical character.There is a high risk of obtaining hulled oats with reduced levels of oil in their grain, when selected for high stability for this character. It is assumed that successful oat breeding for increased adaptability in 1000 grain weight will be accompanied by an increase in grain size. The possibility of indirect estimation of the adaptability of naked oat accessions according to their β-glucan or oil content is shown on the basis of calculating their adaptability according to the test weight of their grain
Evaluation of barley genotypes for the content of <i>β</i>-glucans in grain and other valuable features in Eastern Siberia
Background. The aim of the research was to identify barley germplasm accessions with the minimum and maximum content of β-glucans in their grain in combinations with other improved useful traits.Material and methods. The material for analysis were 18 hulled and 8 naked barley accessions of various ecogeographic origin from the collection of the N.I. Vavilov All Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), which were grown under the conditions of Eastern Siberia in 2016â2018.Results. Hulled accessions yielded grains with β-glucan content from 3.18 to 4.51%; naked ones, from 3.18 to 5.21%. According to the minimum value of the studied qualitative trait (3.18â3.43%), cultivars of Siberian breeding were identified: âMayakâ (k-29622, Krasnoyarsk Territory) and âTarsky 3â (k-30719, Omsk Province), plus cv. âAC Albrightâ (k-30599, Canada); according to the maximum value (5.06â5.21%), the naked accessions Nudum 155 (k-13328, Ukraine) and âNudum 95â (k-31125, Chelyabinsk Province). The highest protein content in grain (16.63â18.36%) was found in the accessions Nudum 155, Nudum 7566 (k-29453, Kyrgyzstan) and âNudum 95â. The accessions Nudum 155 and âNudum 95â were characterized by combined high contents of β-glucans and protein in their grain. Early maturity and increased productivity were shown by the cultivars âTarsky 3â, âKolchanâ (k-31039, Altai Territory), âZolotnikâ (k-30845, Altai Territory), âAbalakâ (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Tyumen Province), and âAC Albrightâ (Canada). A significant positive relationship was found between the content of β-glucans and the weight of 1000 grains in both forms of barley.Conclusion. According to β-glucan content combined with other valuable characteristics in grain, the accessions âMayakâ, âTarsky 3â and âAC Albrightâ are of interest for the improvement of fodder cultivars, while âNudum 95â and Nudum 155 are promising for breeding for food
The study of oat varieties (Avena sativa L.) of various geographical origin for grain quality and productivity
In order to identify samples with a minimum and maximum content of β-glucans in the grain, screening of oats grown in Eastern Siberia for three years was performed. To determine the prospects for further use of oat samples, other chemical, physical and production characteristics were measured in parallel: the protein and oil content in the grain, its film content, test weight, 1000 grains weight, the vegetation period and the yield. The object of a comprehensive evaluation was 14 hulled and naked 5 VIR (N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) oats samples of different origin, mainly from Siberia. The hulled samples formed grains with β-glucan content from 2.9 to 5.2 %, while the naked ones, from 3.7 to 4.8 %. The lowest values were in the Krasnoyarsk varieties Tubinskiy, Kazyr, Sayan (about 3 %); the highest, in the foreign accession Local Tunisia 1 (5.2 %). The highest oil content was shown by Tubinsky, Kazyr and Sayan, all currently cultivated in the Krasnoyarsk region. An increased accumulation of protein in grain was observed in the hulled variety Local Tunisia 1 and the naked accession of Vyatskiy. According to the content of β-glucans in the grain, taking into account its other characteristics and yield values, the best samples for the food direction (the maximum level of these substances) are Local Tunisia 1, Medved and Taidon, and for feed use (the minimum level) are Tubinskiy, Vyatskiy and Golets. There was no noticeable advantage of naked samples in comparison with hulled ones in the content of β-glucans in the grain. A high strength of the positive relationship between the content of oil or β-glucans in the grain and the year of oat cultivation was observed in the hulled samples. In naked forms, a clear link between the concentrations of chemicals in the different grain samples of oats and the year of cultivation has not been established