Bis[4,5-dimethyl-2-(2-pyrid­yl)-1H-imidazole-κ2 N 2,N 3](1H-imidazole-κN 3)copper(II) bis­(perchlorate)

In the title complex, [Cu(C3H4N2)(C10H11N3)2](ClO4)2, the CuII cation has a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry defined by a CuN2N′2N′′ donor set. The imidazole ligand is disordered over two orientations of equal occupancy. Two of the perchlorate ion sites are located on a twofold rotation axis, and one of is disordered over two sites of equal occupancy. In the crystal structure there is a two-dimensional infinite network of hydrogen-bonded mol­ecules parallel to the ab plane

Physically Plausible Animation of Human Upper Body from a Single Image

We present a new method for generating controllable, dynamically responsive, and photorealistic human animations. Given an image of a person, our system allows the user to generate Physically plausible Upper Body Animation (PUBA) using interaction in the image space, such as dragging their hand to various locations. We formulate a reinforcement learning problem to train a dynamic model that predicts the person's next 2D state (i.e., keypoints on the image) conditioned on a 3D action (i.e., joint torque), and a policy that outputs optimal actions to control the person to achieve desired goals. The dynamic model leverages the expressiveness of 3D simulation and the visual realism of 2D videos. PUBA generates 2D keypoint sequences that achieve task goals while being responsive to forceful perturbation. The sequences of keypoints are then translated by a pose-to-image generator to produce the final photorealistic video.Comment: WACV 202

Hippocampal Long-Term Depression in the Presence of Calcium-Permeable AMPA Receptors

The GluA2 subunit of AMPA glutamate receptors (AMPARs) has been shown to be critical for the expression of NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term depression (LTD). However, in young GluA2 knockout (KO) mice, this form of LTD can still be induced in the hippocampus, suggesting that LTD mechanisms may be modified in the presence of GluA2-lacking, Ca2+ permeable AMPARs. In this study, we examined LTD at the CA1 synapse in GluA2 KO mice by using several well-established inhibitory peptides known to block LTD in wild type (WT) rodents. We showed that while LTD in the KO mice is still blocked by the protein interacting with C kinase 1 (PICK1) peptide pepEVKI, it becomes insensitive to the N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) peptide pep2m. In addition, the effects of actin and cofilin inhibitory peptides were also altered. These results indicate that in the absence of GluA2, LTD expression mechanisms are different from those in WT animals, suggesting that there are multiple molecular processes enabling LTD expression that are adaptable to physiological and genetic manipulations

Multiple solutions for a nonhomogeneous Schr\"odinger-Maxwell system in R3R^3

The paper considers the following nonhomogeneous Schr\"odinger-Maxwell system -\Delta u + u+\lambda\phi (x) u =|u|^{p-1}u+g(x),\ x\in \mathbb{R}^3, -\Delta\phi = u^2, \ x\in \mathbb{R}^3, . \leqno{(SM)} where $\lambda>0$, $p\in(1,5)$ and $g(x)=g(|x|)\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^3)\setminus{0}$. There seems no any results on the existence of multiple solutions to problem (SM) for $p \in (1,3]$. In this paper, we find that there is a constant$C_p>0$ such that problem (SM) has at least two solutions for all $p\in (1,5)$ provided $\|g\|_{L^2} \leq C_p$, but only for $p\in(1,2]$ we need $\lambda>0$ is small. Moreover, $C_p=\frac{(p-1)}{2p}[\frac{(p+1)S^{p+1}}{2p}]^{1/(p-1)}$, where $S$ is the Sobolev constant.Comment: 12 page

Beyond Positive Scaling: How Negation Impacts Scaling Trends of Language Models

Language models have been shown to exhibit positive scaling, where performance improves as models are scaled up in terms of size, compute, or data. In this work, we introduce NeQA, a dataset consisting of questions with negation in which language models do not exhibit straightforward positive scaling. We show that this task can exhibit inverse scaling, U-shaped scaling, or positive scaling, and the three scaling trends shift in this order as we use more powerful prompting methods or model families. We hypothesize that solving NeQA depends on two subtasks: question answering (task 1) and negation understanding (task 2). We find that task 1 has linear scaling, while task 2 has sigmoid-shaped scaling with an emergent transition point, and composing these two scaling trends yields the final scaling trend of NeQA. Our work reveals and provides a way to analyze the complex scaling trends of language models.Comment: Published at ACL 2023 Finding

On the security of a certificateless aggregate signature scheme

Aggregate signature can combinensignatures on nmessages fromnusers into a single short signature, and the resulting signature can convince the verifier that thenusers indeed signed the ncorresponding messages. This feature makes aggregate signature very useful especially in environments with low bandwidth communication, low storage and low computability since it greatly reduces the total signature length and verification cost. Recently, Xiong et al. presented an efficient certificateless aggregate signature scheme. They proved that their scheme is secure in a strengthened security model, where the “malicious-but-passive” KGC attack was considered. In this paper, we show that Xiong et al.’s certificateless aggregate signature scheme is not secure even in a weaker security model called “honest-but-curious” KGC attack model