Fixed Points of Difference Operator of Meromorphic Functions

Let f be a transcendental meromorphic function of order less than one. The authors prove that the exact difference Δf=fz+1-fz has infinitely many fixed points, if a∈ℂ and ∞ are Borel exceptional values (or Nevanlinna deficiency values) of f. These results extend the related results obtained by Chen and Shon

Milloux Inequality of E

The main purpose of this paper is to establish the Milloux inequality of E-valued meromorphic function from the complex plane ℂ to an infinite dimensional complex Banach space E with a Schauder basis. As an application, we study the Borel exceptional values of an E-valued meromorphic function and those of its derivatives; results are obtained to extend some related results for meromorphic scalar-valued function of Singh, Gopalakrishna, and Bhoosnurmath

Causes and stability analysis of the landslide at Tianbao Reservoir in Jingning County, Gansu Province

On September 18, 2020, a landslide occurred on the left bank of Tianbao Reservoir in Tianbao Village, Sihe Town, Jingning County, Pingliang City, Gansu Province. The landslide is 180 m long, 240 m wide, 48.5×104 m3 in volume, and 191° in main sliding direction, which is the revival of the old loess-mudstone landslide. Landslide destroys the excavated slope and highway subgrade, which seriously threatens the normal construction of Tianbao Reservoir. Through field investigation, geotechnical test and calculation, the geological conditions, basic characteristics and causes of landslide formation in Tianbao Reservoir were discussed, and the stability of landslide was analyzed by simplified Janbu method. The study found that the formation conditions of the landslide are mainly three aspects : the geological foundation of the old landslide, the excavation of the front edge of the slope, and the continuous heavy rainfall. That is, the old landslide is caused by the large-scale excavation of the slope toe and the heavy rainfall. The stability calculation results show that after excavating the slope toe, the stability coefficient is less than 0.98 under the rainstorm condition, which is in the unstable sliding state. After sliding, the stability coefficient of each working condition is less than 1.05, which is in the unstable-unstable state

The effect of maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on glycolipid metabolism of offspring rats and the improvement of vitamin D intervention after weaning

BackgroundVitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is common, but whether maternal vitamin D status affects glycolipid metabolism of offspring remains unclear.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on the glycolipid metabolism of offspring at different life-cycles (from birth to adulthood) and to explore the improvement of different dosages of vitamin D supplementation.MethodsSprague–Dawley rats were fed vitamin D-deprived (VDD group) or standard vitamin D diets (SC group) during pregnancy, and their diets were changed to standard vitamin D diets during lactation (the offspring were sorted into VDDoffspring and SCoffspring groups). After weaning, rats in the VDDoffspring group were randomly assigned to the VDDoffspring, VDDoffspring-S3300 and VDDoffspring-S10000 groups with diets containing standard, medium and high dosages of vitamin D for 12 wk. Serum was collected for biochemical analyses at postnatal Day 21, postnatal Day 56 and postnatal Day 84. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at postnatal Day 70.ResultsCompared to SCoffspring, rats in the VDDoffspring group had significantly lower birth weight with faster weight gain and higher levels of lipid metabolism in early life. After near adulthood, the differences in weight and lipid metabolism between the two groups disappeared. OGTT showed significantly higher blood glucose levels in the VDDoffspring group at 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min. The continuation of vitamin D supplementation at medium and high dosages after weaning did not cause any obvious changes in weight or glycolipid metabolism (except for postprandial hyperglycemia). OGTT demonstrated that the glucose levels in the VDDoffspring-S3300 group were lowest at all the time points and that those in the VDDoffspring-S10000 group were the highest at 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min among the three groups.ConclusionThe adverse effects of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on glycolipid metabolism in offspring vary in different stages. Over a long time period, adequate vitamin D supplementation is beneficial to glycolipid metabolism for the offspring of subjects with vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy; however, further improvement is required

Neurodevelopmental disorders as a risk factor for temporomandibular disorder: evidence from Mendelian randomization studies

Objective: This study aims to clarify the incidence rate of temporomandibular joint disease in patients with mental disorders.Methods: Data extracted from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and FinnGen databases employed the Mendelian Randomization (MR) method to assess the associations of three neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs)—Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and Tourette’s Disorder (TD)—as exposure factors with Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD). The analysis used a two-sample MR design, employing the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method to evaluate the relationships between these disorders and Temporomandibular Disorder. Sensitivity analysis and heterogeneity assessments were conducted. Potential confounding factors like low birth weight, childhood obesity, and body mass index were controlled for.Results: The study found that ADHD significantly increased the risks for TMD (OR = 1.2342, 95%CI (1.1448–1.3307), p < 0.00001), TMD (including avohilmo) (OR = 1.1244, 95%CI (1.0643–1.1880), p = 0.00003), TMD-related pain (OR = 1.1590, 95%CI (1.0964–1.2252), p < 0.00001), and TMD-related muscular pain associated with fibromyalgia (OR = 1.1815, 95%CI (1.1133–1.2538), p < 0.00001), while other disorders did not show significant causal relationships.Conclusion: This study reveals the elevated risk of various TMD aspects due to ADHD. Furthermore, we discuss the link between low vitamin D levels ADHD and TMD. Future research should address these limitations and delve further into the complex interactions between ADHD, ASD, TD, and TMD

Synergistically enhancing the electrical conductivity of carbon fibre reinforced polymers by vertical graphene and silver nanowires

Increasing the electrical conductivity of carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) holds great promises for a range of applications, such as removing the need for metallic meshes in the protection against electromagnetic interference and lightning strikes. Herein, a hybrid method of improving the electrical conductivity of CFRPs by functionalizing carbon fibres with vertical graphene (VG) and modifying the matrix with silver nanowires (AgNWs) is introduced. The results revealed that the hybrid method increased the through-thickness and the in-plane electrical conductivities by almost 38 times and 39%, respectively, without adversely affecting mechanical properties. Finite element modelling revealed that the unprecedented synergy is due to the significant reduction in the contact resistance between carbon fibres by the combination of VGs on the fibres and the AgNWs in the matrix. Computational modelling showed that the electrical conductivity increase can reduce the joule heat density by around one thousand times under simplified lightning strike conditions