Analysis of risk factors for postoperative recurrence of stage I colorectal cancer: a retrospective analysis of a large population

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Patients diagnosed with stage I CRC typically do not require postoperative adjuvant treatment. However, postoperative recurrence is present in at least 40% of patients with CRC and often occurs in those with stage I disease. This study aimed to elucidate the current status of recurrence and clinicopathological characteristics in patients with stage I CRC.MethodsData of indicated patients were obtained from 18 registries in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER). The multivariable Fine–Gray regression model was used to identify the mortality risk of patients. Disparities in survival were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves. Logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with recurrent risk overestimation.ResultsOur study indicated a recurrence rate of 15.04% (1,874/12,452) in stage I CRC cases. Notably, we identified race, age, T stage, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels as independent risk factors for tumor recurrence, substantially impacting prognosis. Furthermore, gender, race (Black), age (>65 years), elevated CEA levels, and refusal or unknown status regarding radiotherapy significantly correlated with an adverse prognosis in patients with stage I CRC.ConclusionsWe identified certain key clinicopathological features of patients with stage I CRC and demonstrated the survival benefits of radiotherapy, offering a new perspective on stage I CRC follow-up and treatment recommendations

Sod2 haploinsufficiency does not accelerate aging of telomere dysfunctional mice

Telomere shortening represents a causal factor of cellular senescence. At the same time, several lines of evidence indicate a pivotal role of oxidative DNA damage for the aging process in vivo. A causal connection between the two observations was suggested by experiments showing accelerated telomere shorting under conditions of oxidative stress in cultured cells, but has never been studied in vivo. We therefore have analysed whether an increase in mitochondrial derived oxidative stress in response to heterozygous deletion of superoxide dismutase (Sod2+/-) would exacerbate aging phenotypes in telomere dysfunctional (mTerc-/-) mice. Heterozygous deletion of Sod2 resulted in reduced SOD2 protein levels and increased oxidative stress in aging telomere dysfunctional mice, but this did not lead to an increase in basal levels of oxidative nuclear DNA damage, an accumulation of nuclear DNA breaks, or an increased rate of telomere shortening in the mice. Moreover, heterozygous deletion of Sod2 did not accelerate the depletion of stem cells and the impairment in organ maintenance in aging mTerc-/- mice. In agreement with these observations, Sod2 haploinsufficiency did not lead to a further reduction in lifespan of mTerc-/- mice. Together, these results indicate that a decrease in SOD2-dependent antioxidant defence does not exacerbate aging in the context of telomere dysfunction

Lifestyle impacts on the aging-associated expression of biomarkers of DNA damage and telomere dysfunction in human blood: Measuring the influence of lifestyle on aging

Cellular aging is characterised by telomere shortening, which can lead to uncapping of chromosome ends (telomere dysfunction) and that activation of DNA damage responses. There is some evidence the DNA damage accumulates during human aging and that lifestyle factors contribute to the accumulation of DNA damage. Recent studies have identified a set of serum markers that are induced by telomere dysfunction and DNA damage and these markers showed an increased expression in blood during human aging. Here, we investigated the influence of lifestyle factors (such as exercise, smoking, body mass) on the aging associated expression of serum markers of DNA damage (CRAMP, EF-1α, Stathmin, n-acetyl-glucosaminidase, and chitinase) in comparison to other described markers of cellular aging (p16INK4a upregulation and telomere shortening) in human peripheral blood. The study shows that lifestyle factors have an age-independent impact on the expression level of biomarkers of DNA damage. Smoking and increased body mass indices were associated with elevated levels of biomarkers of DNA damage independent of the age of the individuals. In contrast, exercise was associated with an age-independent reduction in the expression of biomarkers of DNA damage in human blood. The expression of biomarkers of DNA damage correlated positively with p16INK4a expression and negatively with telomere length in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. Together, these data provide experimental evidence that both aging and lifestyle impact on the accumulation of DNA damage during human aging

Método híbrido para categorización de texto basado en aprendizaje y reglas

En este artículo se presenta un nuevo método híbrido de categorización automática de texto, que combina un algoritmo de aprendizaje computacional, que permite construir un modelo base de clasificación sin mucho esfuerzo a partir de un corpus etiquetado, con un sistema basado en reglas en cascada que se emplea para filtrar y reordenar los resultados de dicho modelo base. El modelo puede afinarse añadiendo reglas específicas para aquellas categorías difíciles que no se han entrenado de forma satisfactoria. Se describe una implementación realizada mediante el algoritmo kNN y un lenguaje básico de reglas basado en listas de términos que aparecen en el texto a clasificar. El sistema se ha evaluado en diferentes escenarios incluyendo el corpus de noticias Reuters-21578 para comparación con otros enfoques, y los modelos IPTC y EUROVOC. Los resultados demuestran que el sistema obtiene una precisión y cobertura comparables con las de los mejores métodos del estado del arte

Image1_Analysis of risk factors for postoperative recurrence of stage I colorectal cancer: a retrospective analysis of a large population.jpg

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Patients diagnosed with stage I CRC typically do not require postoperative adjuvant treatment. However, postoperative recurrence is present in at least 40% of patients with CRC and often occurs in those with stage I disease. This study aimed to elucidate the current status of recurrence and clinicopathological characteristics in patients with stage I CRC.MethodsData of indicated patients were obtained from 18 registries in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER). The multivariable Fine–Gray regression model was used to identify the mortality risk of patients. Disparities in survival were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves. Logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with recurrent risk overestimation.ResultsOur study indicated a recurrence rate of 15.04% (1,874/12,452) in stage I CRC cases. Notably, we identified race, age, T stage, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels as independent risk factors for tumor recurrence, substantially impacting prognosis. Furthermore, gender, race (Black), age (>65 years), elevated CEA levels, and refusal or unknown status regarding radiotherapy significantly correlated with an adverse prognosis in patients with stage I CRC.ConclusionsWe identified certain key clinicopathological features of patients with stage I CRC and demonstrated the survival benefits of radiotherapy, offering a new perspective on stage I CRC follow-up and treatment recommendations.</p

Glutathione S-Transferase T1 Null Genotype is Associated with Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Background: The published literature contains conflicting results regarding the impact of the glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) null genotype on the susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the association. Methods: We searched four online databases for eligible studies. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI was used to assess the gene-disease association. We also performed subgroup analyses by type of inflammatory bowel disease and ethnicity. Results: There were 16 individual studies from 11 publications included in the analysis. There were 3366 cases with inflammatory bowel disease and 6013 controls. The meta-analysis of all 16 studies showed the GSTT1 null genotype was associated with increased susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (OR = 1.98, 95%CI 1.39-2.84, P &#x3c; 0.001). The subgroup analysis by ethnicity further identified an association between the GSTT1 null genotype and inflammatory bowel disease in Caucasians, Asians, and Africans. The GSTT1 null genotype was associated with both ulcerative colitis (OR = 1.96, P = 0.004) and Crohn’s disease (OR = 2.01, P = 0.022). The GSTT1 null genotype was still significantly associated with ulcerative colitis (OR = 1.63, P &#x3c; 0.0001) and Crohn’s disease (OR = 1.40, P = 0.023) after adjusting for study heterogeneity. Conclusion: The GSTT1 null genotype is significantly associated with an increased susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease and is a risk factor for both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease

Co-adsorption characteristics of antibiotics with different functional groups and cadmium combined contamination on activated carbon

International audienceDue to the diversity of functional groups of antibiotics, antibiotics are easy to complex with metals, thereby changing their migration and transformation behavior. The adsorption/complexation mechanism of three antibiotics co-adsorbed with Cd(Ⅱ) and systematic comparison were studied using Raman, FTIR, XPS and Materials Studio (norfloxacin (NOR), sulfamethazine (SMT) and tetracycline (TC)). We concluded that two NORs complexed with Cd(Ⅱ) through oxygen atoms from carboxylic acid and carbonyl in ketone group to form a six-membered ring chelate. The Cd(II)(NOR±)2+ showed a stronger adsorption coefficient than other forms of NOR, Cd(II)(NOR±)2+, NOR and Cd(Ⅱ) would compete the same permanent charge sites, thus exhibiting an inhibitory effect on NOR adsorption. Contrarily, one SMT molecule complexed with Cd(Ⅱ) through the N atom on pyrimidine ring and the -NH attached to the pyrimidine ring, forming an AC-Cd(Ⅱ)-SMT ternary complex on activated carbon (AC), and Cd(Ⅱ) acted as bridge. The bridging effect of Cd(Ⅱ) and multi-layer adsorption of SMT provided more adsorption sites for SMT, thus promoting the SMT adsorption. There was no complexation between TC and Cd(Ⅱ), and the addition of Cd(Ⅱ) had no significant effect on TC adsorption. The adsorption capacity of AC-Cd(Ⅱ)-SMT complex (107.4 mg·g−1) was stronger than NOR-Cd(Ⅱ) complex (40.2 mg·g−1), and the adsorption capacity of antibiotics was SMT>TC>NOR in all systems. The correlation analysis and molecular orbital calculation further supported the strong effect of complexation between Cd(Ⅱ) and antibiotics with different function groups on the adsorption, and the environmental behavior of system was jointly determined by complex structure and adsorption mechanism

Loyalty, price seeking and protective consumer legislation

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