Transfer of Gravitational Information through a Quantum Channel

Gravitational information is incorporated into an atomic state by correlation of the internal and external degrees of freedom of the atom, in the present study of the atomic interferometer. Thus it is difficult to transfer information by using a standard teleportation scheme. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme for the transfer of gravitational information through a quantum channel provided by the entangled atomic state. Significantly, the existence of a quantum channel suppresses phase noise, improving the sensitivity of the atomic interferometer. Thus our proposal provides novel readout mechanism for the interferometer with an improved signal-to-noise ratio

Hawking radiation as tunneling derived from Black Hole Thermodynamics through the quantum horizon

We show that the first law of the black hole thermodynamics can lead to the tunneling probability through the quantum horizon by calculating the change of entropy with the quantum gravity correction and the change of surface gravity is presented clearly in the calculation. The method is also applicable to the general situation which is independent on the form of black hole entropy and this verifies the connection of black hole tunneling with thermodynamics further. In the end we discuss the crucial role of the relation between the radiation temperature and surface gravity in this derivation.Comment: To appear in Phys Lett

Changes of serum uric acid, bilirubin and homocysteine levels in patients with early Parkinson’s disease

目的 观察早期帕金森病并伴有轻度认知功能障碍（PD-MCI）患者血清间接胆红素（IBIL）、尿酸（UA）、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）及尿酸/同型半胱氨酸比值（UA/Hcy）的变化，探讨其与PD-MCI的关系。 方法  收集158例早期未经药物治疗的帕金森病（PD）患者的人口学及临床资料，应用Hoehn & Yahr分级评估PD严重程度，MDS-UPDRS III评估运动障碍，蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评估全面认知功能状态。102例年龄匹配的健康体检者作为对照组。检测各组血清IBIL、UA及Hcy含量，并计算UA/Hcy比值。 结果  158例早期PD患者中71例（44.9%）存在PD-MCI，87例（55.1%）无认知功能障碍（PD-NCI）；两组患者MoCA评分差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。PD组血清IBIL水平（8.28±2.59 ）μmol/L显著低于对照组（9.23±2.33）μmol/L,（P<0.01）；PD-MCI组IBIL含量低于对照组（P < 0.01），PD-NCI组与对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05)。PD组、PD-MCI组、PD-NCI组UA含量均显著低于对照组（P<0.01），PD-NCI组UA含量显著高于PD-MCI组（P<0.01）。PD-MCI组Hcy含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）及PD-NCI组（P<0.05）。IBIL、UA及UA/Hcy比值对预测PD-MCI均具有较好价值，且UA/Hcy比值较IBIL、UA预测价值更高。 结论  早期PD患者血清IBIL和UA水平显著降低，PD-MCI患者血IBIL和UA水平降低更显著，且伴有Hcy升高。IBIL、UA及UA/Hcy比值对预测PD-MCI均具有较好的价值，且UA/Hcy比值较IBIL、UA预测价值更高，UA/Hcy比值有可能成为潜在的生物标记物用于早期PD-MCI的预测。Objective: To investigate the changes of serum levels of uric acid (UA), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), homocysteine (Hcy) and the UA and Hcy ratio in patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PD) accompanied by mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and explore the correlation between the above-mentioned indexes and the prediction of PD-MCI. Methods: A total of 158 patients with newly diagnosed drug-naive PD and 102 healthy participants employed as the control in this study. Assessments of PD-related indexes included measures of motor disability (MDS-UPDRS), disease severity (Hoehn & Yahr staging) and global cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA). Results: 71 patients (44.9%) in PD group were identified with MCI, and 87 patients (55.1%) presented no cognitive impairment (NCI). There is a significance difference in MoCA scales between PD-MCI group and PD-NCI group (P < 0.01). The serum IBIL level In  PD group (8.28±2.59) μmol/L was significantly reduced than that in control group (9.23±2.33 μmol/L), P < 0.01, and the serum IBIL level in PD-MCI group (7.69±2.97 )μmol/L was significantly reduced than that in PD-NCI group (9.11±2.85 μmol/L, P < 0.01). The serum UA levels in PD group, PD-MCI group and PD-NCI group were significantly reduced than that in control group (P < 0.01). The PD-NCI group had a significantly increased level of UA than that in PD-MCI group (P<0.01). The serum Hcy level in PD-MCI group was significantly increased than that in control group as well as in PD-NCI group (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 respectively). There were good value for levels of IBIL, UA and UA to Hcy ratio in predicting PD-MCI. Moreover, the UA and Hcy ratio had a higher value than IBIL or UA for predicting MCI in early PD. Conclusion: The serum levels of IBIL and UA in patients with early PD were significantly induced than that in control group. The UA and Hcy ratio had a higher value than IBIL or UA for predicting MCI in early PD. The UA and Hcy ratio might be a potential biomarker for predicting PD-MCI

Surgical Treatment and Follow-up Results of Pituitary ACTH Microadenoma: 18 Years' Experience

ObjectiveTo review retrospectively our clinical experience with surgical treatment and follow-up of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) microadenomas at Rui Jin Hospital of Shanghai Second Medical University.MethodsEighty-seven patients with ACTH microadenomas underwent surgery via the transsphenoidal approach. Preoperative computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging revealed microadenomas in only 46 patients and was negative in the remaining 41 patients, which were classified as microadenoma grade 0. High-dose dexamethasone (Dx) suppression testing was positive in 86% of patients and low-dose Dx suppression testing was negative in all patients.ResultsHistological confirmation of ACTH microadenoma was made in all 87 cases, with a minimum tumour size of only 1 to 2 mm in diameter. The remission rate was 82% for grade I and 92% for grade 0 microadenomas during 2 to 18 years of follow-up.ConclusionsNeuroimaging studies have limited value in diagnosing ACTH grade 0 microadenoma. Clinical manifestation combined with positive Dx suppression testing is decisive in these circumstances. Surgical intervention could achieve a high relief rate for ACTH microadenomas, especially in grade 0 group