Prediksi Erosi Tanah di DAS (Daerah Aliran Sungai) Paneki Kecamatan Biromaru Kabupaten Sigi

The aims of this study were to predict soil erosion and to determine erosion threat index occurred in the Paneki watershed, Pombewe village Biromaru district Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. This study contributed as a source of information for the development of land use management as well as conservation of soil and water. Furthermore, it was important to complete a number of soil physical properties. The method used in this study was descriptive explorative by conducting survey in the research site, followed by primary and secondary data collection. In this study, it was required slope class maps, soil maps and land use maps application using ArcGIS 10.0 for obtaining four (4) land units, namely land, secondary forest, mixed farms, fields and cocoa plantations. Results of this study indicated that the physical characteristics of soil in some land use vary greatly with slow to moderate permeability, soil texture dominated by sandy loam and loam fractions. Both bulk density and C-organic content were high. Prediction of soil erosion rate using the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) formula indicated that erosion threat index occured in Paneki watershed was classified at low to moderate levels with the average number of total allowable erosion was 74.12 tons ha-1 yr-1

Socializing One Health: an innovative strategy to investigate social and behavioral risks of emerging viral threats

In an effort to strengthen global capacity to prevent, detect, and control infectious diseases in animals and people, the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats (EPT) PREDICT project funded development of regional, national, and local One Health capacities for early disease detection, rapid response, disease control, and risk reduction. From the outset, the EPT approach was inclusive of social science research methods designed to understand the contexts and behaviors of communities living and working at human-animal-environment interfaces considered high-risk for virus emergence. Using qualitative and quantitative approaches, PREDICT behavioral research aimed to identify and assess a range of socio-cultural behaviors that could be influential in zoonotic disease emergence, amplification, and transmission. This broad approach to behavioral risk characterization enabled us to identify and characterize human activities that could be linked to the transmission dynamics of new and emerging viruses. This paper provides a discussion of implementation of a social science approach within a zoonotic surveillance framework. We conducted in-depth ethnographic interviews and focus groups to better understand the individual- and community-level knowledge, attitudes, and practices that potentially put participants at risk for zoonotic disease transmission from the animals they live and work with, across 6 interface domains. When we asked highly-exposed individuals (ie. bushmeat hunters, wildlife or guano farmers) about the risk they perceived in their occupational activities, most did not perceive it to be risky, whether because it was normalized by years (or generations) of doing such an activity, or due to lack of information about potential risks. Integrating the social sciences allows investigations of the specific human activities that are hypothesized to drive disease emergence, amplification, and transmission, in order to better substantiate behavioral disease drivers, along with the social dimensions of infection and transmission dynamics. Understanding these dynamics is critical to achieving health security--the protection from threats to health-- which requires investments in both collective and individual health security. Involving behavioral sciences into zoonotic disease surveillance allowed us to push toward fuller community integration and engagement and toward dialogue and implementation of recommendations for disease prevention and improved health security