25 research outputs found

    Île-de-France

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    À la fois centre d’activitĂ©s Ă©conomiques, pĂŽle culturel et destination de la grande majoritĂ© des exilĂ©s et rĂ©fugiĂ©s, l’Île-de-France, devenue une “rĂ©gion monde”, est un observatoire privilĂ©giĂ© et singulier du phĂ©nomĂšne migratoire, qui a contribuĂ© Ă  son expansion territoriale et participĂ© Ă  son dynamisme Ă©conomique. L’histoire de l’immigration postcoloniale en rĂ©gion continue, elle, Ă  s’écrire au quotidien, et d’autres, comme celle des mouvements de sans-papiers et de mal-logĂ©s, y sont en deveni

    Quelques réflexions autour des discussions

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    L’organisation du sĂ©minaire a prĂ©vu, suite aux interventions des spĂ©cialistes, un temps rĂ©servĂ© aux discussions avec les participants. Celles-ci ont permis d’approfondir quelques points soulevĂ©s par les exposĂ©s, notamment autour des pratiques et des logiques syndicales ou politiques, et par rapport aux questions de formation et de carriĂšre des enseignants. On retiendra ici deux axes de rĂ©flexion qui ont Ă©mergĂ©, l’un autour de la dĂ©finition du milieu social enseignant, l’autre concernant les i..

    Questions et débats

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    Le sĂ©minaire « Communisme et mouvements sociaux en rĂ©gion parisienne et en France » a donnĂ© lieu Ă  des interventions suivies de dĂ©bats avec les participants, qui souvent mettaient en perspective les diffĂ©rents sujets abordĂ©s. De grandes questions ont Ă©tĂ© discutĂ©es aprĂšs les interventions. On peut ainsi dĂ©gager trois problĂ©matiques gĂ©nĂ©rales : Ă©tudiants et chercheurs ont souvent dĂ©battu des relations entre l’organisation communiste et sa propre histoire ; ils se sont aussi intĂ©ressĂ©s aux rappo..

    Les enseignants dans la société française du xxe siÚcle

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    Pour comprendre le poids de l’éducation en France dans son rapport avec la sociĂ©tĂ©, il faut mettre au centre des Ă©volutions les enseignants qui forment un groupe hĂ©tĂ©rogĂšne, permĂ©able aux idĂ©ologies. Par leurs associations, ils participent aux luttes et aux mouvements d’opinions qui traversent la sociĂ©tĂ© française. Avec leur Ă©largissement progressif, consĂ©quence de « l’explosion scolaire », aprĂšs la DeuxiĂšme Guerre mondiale, ils font des choix politiques, transmettent les valeurs fonda­mentales du rĂ©gime dominant tout en conservant leurs distances par rapport aux pouvoirs. Au-delĂ  des aspects de l’activitĂ© syndicale, sans laquelle le monde enseignant ne peut se comprendre, ce livre ouvre le champ de la rĂ©flexion par des approches politiques ou Ă©conomiques. Les attitudes pĂ©dagogiques, les prĂ©occupations corporatives expliquent aussi l’acquisition de particularitĂ©s collectives fortes dans des milieux divers. Les analyses historiques, sociologiques ou inspirĂ©es par la politologie donnent une image plurielle de ce groupe social qui ne se rĂ©sume pas aux caractĂšres contrastĂ©s des « maĂźtres d’école » ou des « profs ». La diversitĂ© s’accompagne d’une grande communautĂ© de comportements, rĂ©sultats de la rencontre avec des demandes collec­tives, des orientations politiques ou des bouleversements affectant toute la sphĂšre sociale

    Des communistes en France

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    La problĂ©matique gĂ©nĂ©rale de l’implantation sert de point de dĂ©part et permet une rĂ©flexion sur le phĂ©nomĂšne communiste. Pour comprendre la nature des mutations qui traversent le communisme français, un des modĂšles possibles parmi les communismes mondiaux, il faut Ă©tablir des liens forts entre le milieu, les idĂ©ologies, les phĂ©nomĂšnes culturels, les systĂšmes politiques, les individus, les impulsions nationales et internationales. Autant de composantes qu’il faut analyser dans leur globalitĂ© en dĂ©gageant les rapports entre les groupes sociaux dans des cadres prĂ©cis, les projets politiques, les influences rĂ©ciproques. Un ensemble de points forts apparaissent: les contraintes d’un hĂ©ritage, les luttes plus englobantes, les effets des pratiques locales, le ter­ritoire social comme enjeu politique, les questions nouvelles posĂ©es par l’inscription nationale dans un cadre fortement internationalisĂ©, le rĂŽle de l’en­treprise, le groupe enseignant. Les valeurs communistes occupent une position variable et laissent la place pour d’autres orientations car le communisme ne fonctionne jamais en vase clos

    Histoire des immigrations. Panorama régional

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    Ce dossier présente douze synthÚses régionales d'études sur l'histoire de l'immigration menées en 2007-2008 pour le compte de l'Acsé à partir des travaux de recherche existants et d'une exploitation des statistiques des recensements depuis 1851 jusqu'à nos jours. This issue presents twelve regional studies tackling the history of immigration wich have been conducted in 2007-2008 for the ACSE (Agency for Social cohesion and egality of opportunities), based on existing academic researches and exploitation of census figures

    Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: a cross-sectional analysis - implications for public health communications in Australia

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    Objective To examine SARS-CoV-2 vaccine confidence, attitudes and intentions in Australian adults as part of the iCARE Study. Design and setting Cross-sectional online survey conducted when free COVID-19 vaccinations first became available in Australia in February 2021. Participants Total of 1166 Australians from general population aged 18-90 years (mean 52, SD of 19). Main outcome measures Primary outcome: responses to question € If a vaccine for COVID-19 were available today, what is the likelihood that you would get vaccinated?'. Secondary outcome: analyses of putative drivers of uptake, including vaccine confidence, socioeconomic status and sources of trust, derived from multiple survey questions. Results Seventy-eight per cent reported being likely to receive a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Higher SARS-CoV-2 vaccine intentions were associated with: increasing age (OR: 2.01 (95% CI 1.77 to 2.77)), being male (1.37 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.72)), residing in least disadvantaged area quintile (2.27 (95% CI 1.53 to 3.37)) and a self-perceived high risk of getting COVID-19 (1.52 (95% CI 1.08 to 2.14)). However, 72% did not believe they were at a high risk of getting COVID-19. Findings regarding vaccines in general were similar except there were no sex differences. For both the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and vaccines in general, there were no differences in intentions to vaccinate as a function of education level, perceived income level and rurality. Knowing that the vaccine is safe and effective and that getting vaccinated will protect others, trusting the company that made it and vaccination recommended by a doctor were reported to influence a large proportion of the study cohort to uptake the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Seventy-eight per cent reported the intent to continue engaging in virus-protecting behaviours (mask wearing, social distancing, etc) postvaccine. Conclusions Most Australians are likely to receive a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Key influencing factors identified (eg, knowing vaccine is safe and effective, and doctor's recommendation to get vaccinated) can inform public health messaging to enhance vaccination rates

    How well do covariates perform when adjusting for sampling bias in online COVID-19 research? Insights from multiverse analyses

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    : COVID-19 research has relied heavily on convenience-based samples, which-though often necessary-are susceptible to important sampling biases. We begin with a theoretical overview and introduction to the dynamics that underlie sampling bias. We then empirically examine sampling bias in online COVID-19 surveys and evaluate the degree to which common statistical adjustments for demographic covariates successfully attenuate such bias. This registered study analysed responses to identical questions from three convenience and three largely representative samples (total N = 13,731) collected online in Canada within the International COVID-19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study ( www.icarestudy.com ). We compared samples on 11 behavioural and psychological outcomes (e.g., adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures, vaccine intentions) across three time points and employed multiverse-style analyses to examine how 512 combinations of demographic covariates (e.g., sex, age, education, income, ethnicity) impacted sampling discrepancies on these outcomes. Significant discrepancies emerged between samples on 73% of outcomes. Participants in the convenience samples held more positive thoughts towards and engaged in more COVID-19 prevention behaviours. Covariates attenuated sampling differences in only 55% of cases and increased differences in 45%. No covariate performed reliably well. Our results suggest that online convenience samples may display more positive dispositions towards COVID-19 prevention behaviours being studied than would samples drawn using more representative means. Adjusting results for demographic covariates frequently increased rather than decreased bias, suggesting that researchers should be cautious when interpreting adjusted findings. Using multiverse-style analyses as extended sensitivity analyses is recommended.COVID-19 research has relied heavily on convenience-based samples, which-though often necessary-are susceptible to important sampling biases. We begin with a theoretical overview and introduction to the dynamics that underlie sampling bias. We then empirically examine sampling bias in online COVID-19 surveys and evaluate the degree to which common statistical adjustments for demographic covariates successfully attenuate such bias. This registered study analysed responses to identical questions from three convenience and three largely representative samples (total N = 13,731) collected online in Canada within the International COVID-19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (www.icarestudy.com). We compared samples on 11 behavioural and psychological outcomes (e.g., adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures, vaccine intentions) across three time points and employed multiverse-style analyses to examine how 512 combinations of demographic covariates (e.g., sex, age, education, income, ethnicity) impacted sampling discrepancies on these outcomes. Significant discrepancies emerged between samples on 73% of outcomes. Participants in the convenience samples held more positive thoughts towards and engaged in more COVID-19 prevention behaviours. Covariates attenuated sampling differences in only 55% of cases and increased differences in 45%. No covariate performed reliably well. Our results suggest that online convenience samples may display more positive dispositions towards COVID-19 prevention behaviours being studied than would samples drawn using more representative means. Adjusting results for demographic covariates frequently increased rather than decreased bias, suggesting that researchers should be cautious when interpreting adjusted findings. Using multiverse-style analyses as extended sensitivity analyses is recommended
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