Simultaneous acute shoulder arthritis and multiple mononeuropathy in a newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patient – First case report

Diabetes is a common disorder that leads to the musculoskeletal symptoms such as the shoulder arthritis. The involvement of peripheral nervous system is one of the troublesome for the patients as it provokes chronic sensory symptoms, lower motor neuron involvement and autonomic symptoms. In the course of the disease there has been several types of neuropathies described. A 41-year-old male patient was admitted to the internal medicine department because of the general weakness, malaise, polydypsia and polyuria since several days. The initial blood glucose level was 780mg/dl. During the first day the continuous insulin infusion was administered. On the next day when he woke up, the severe pain in the right shoulder with limited movement, right upper extremity weakness and burning pain in the radial aspect of this extremity appeared. On examination right shoulder joint movement limitation was found with the muscle weakness and sensory symptoms in the upper limbs. The clinical picture indicated on the right shoulder arthritis and the peripheral nervous system symptoms such as the right musculocutaneous, supraspinatus, right radial nerve and left radial nerve damage. We present a first case report of simultaneous, acute involvement of the shoulder joint and multiple neuropathy in a patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, presumably in the state of ketoacidosis

Izotopowe określenie prawidłowych wartości perfuzji mięśni kończyn dolnych w spoczynku i wysiłku z uwzględnieniem możliwości ich zastosowania w diagnostyce klinicznej

Background: The lack of a range of normal values of perfusion in the lower limbs during stress and at rest narrows the use of this type of diagnostic tool to the estimation of the current state of relative perfusion without indications of the presence or level of perfusion disturbances. Numerous reports on early changes in endothelium reactivity (depending on disease and degree of vessel pathology) encouraged us to assess lower limb perfusion in healthy people. Our goal was to 1) work out a program and method which would enable lower limb perfusion assessment under stress and at rest in patients without signs of lower limb circulation deprivation and 2) establish the normal range of indexes of lower limb perfusion under stress and at rest which would enable their use in the diagnostics of lower limb muscle circulation. Material and Methods: 33 male patients aged between 25 to 45 years (mean: 35.30 ± 6.04) without signs of circulatory problems were entered into the study. To exclude circulatory disturbances, Doppler USG, blood pressure, and laboratory tests were performed on every patient at rest 5 min. after the injection of 11.1 MBq/kg 99 mTc MIBI. Whole body as well as thigh and calf scintigrams were made with an ELSCINT SP6HR gamma-camera. The symmetry of the thigh and calf perfusion (WSU, WSP) and the indexes of the thigh (WPLU, WPPU) and calf (WPLP, WSPP) perfusion of both lower limbs were estimated. Results: At rest: WSP: 96.47% ± 1.02, WSP: 96.47% ± 1.02, WPLP: 9.77 ± 0.32, WPPP: 9.78 ± 0.31, WPLU: 8.45 ± 0.22, WPPU: 8.48 ± 0.22. Under stress: WSP: 96.69% ± 1.32, WSU: 96.41% ± 1.20, WPLP: 8.78 ± 0.26, WPPP: 8.81 ± 0.25, WPLU: 7.77 ± 0.25, WPPU: 7.82 ± 0.26. Anamnesis, additional studies, and laboratory tests in the group examined did not show any circulatory disturbances. Conclusions: The estimated values in patients without circulatory disturbances are similar and within a narrow range, which allows us to calculate the norms of lower limb perfusion at rest and under stress. The determined normal values may be essential in diagnostics in permitting differentiation of healthy patients from those with vascular pathology of the lower limb circulation at an early stage

Links between COVID-19 and Alzheimer’s Disease—What Do We Already Know?

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a life-changing condition whose etiology is explained by several hypotheses. Recently, a new virus contributed to the evidence of viral involvement in AD: the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the COVID-19 coronavirus disease. AD was found to be one of the most common COVID-19 comorbidities, and it was found to increase mortality from this disease as well. Moreover, AD patients were observed to present with the distinct clinical features of COVID-19, with delirium being prevalent in this group. The SARS-CoV-2 virus enters host cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. ACE2 is overexpressed in brains with AD, which thus increases the viral invasion. Furthermore, the inhibition of the ACE2 receptor by the SARS-CoV-2 virus may also decrease the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), contributing to neurodegeneration. The ApoE ε4 allele, which increases the risk of AD, was found to facilitate the SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. Furthermore, the neuroinflammation and oxidative stress existing in AD patients enhance the inflammatory response associated with COVID-19. Moreover, pandemic and associated social distancing measures negatively affected the mental health, cognitive function, and neuro-psychiatric symptoms of AD patients. This review comprehensively covers the links between COVID-19 and Alzheimer’s disease, including clinical presentation, molecular mechanisms, and the effects of social distancing

Cavity ring-down spectroscopy of D2 ro-vibrational line with absolute frequency axis

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CRDS measurements and ab initio calculations of collisional effects in pure D2

International audienceRecent progress in theoretical calculations of dissociation energies of H2, HD and D2 [1–2] gives predictions of the transition frequencies with uncertainty exceeding the level of 10-3 cm-1 for the first overtone band (2–0) [3]. Such predictions open a way for testing relativistic and quantum electrodynamics corrections. They give also the opportunity for searching for new physics like additional long-range hadron-hadron interactions [4]. At this level of accuracy the uncertainty of the H 2 (or its isotopologues) line position determination in Doppler limit becomes considerably affected by the line-shape effects [5] including asymmetry of the line shapes. Spectral line shapes of D2 transitions are atypical and difficult to model. First strategy for overcoming this problem is measuring the spectra at low pressures, where collisional effects are negligible [3]. However, it is experimentally challenging due to exceptionally low intensities of the quadrupole lines. Another approach is recording them at higher pressures and describe the collisions in a more sophisticated way. Here as an example of the second strategy, we present our preliminary results applied for very weak S(2) transition of deuterium in the 2-0 band, using ab initio calculations. Transition has been measured with the frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy (FS-CRDS) assisted by an optical-frequency comb [6,7], using experimental setup described in [8]. The line positions at high pressures, up to 1000 Torr, were measured with sub-MHz accuracy. Furthermore, to validate ab initio model, we extended our experiments to a wide range of temperatures. We compare it with ab initio quantum scattering calculations, where we obtain the generalized spectroscopic cross sections. The real and imaginary parts provide the speed-dependent collisional broadening γ(ν) and shifting δ(ν). The velocity-changing collisions, in turn, are described by hard-sphere approximation of the ab initio potential which is called the speed-dependent billiard-ball profile (SDBBP) [9]

Collisional effects in pure D2. Ultra accurate measurements and ab initio calculations

International audienc

Collisional effects in pure D2. Ultra accurate measurements and ab initio calculations

International audienc

Ultra accurate measurements and ab initio calculations of collisional effects in pure D2 .

International audienceWe present our experimental spectra of the very weak S(2) transition from the 2–0 band of molecular deuterium, measured with a frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy (FS–CRDS) assisted by the optical frequency comb (OFC). Experimental collisional broadening and shifting are compared with results of ab initio quantum scattering calculations

Field Effect Transistors Based Terahertz Detectors 25 Years History, State of the Art and Future Directions

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Ultrahigh finesse cavity-enhanced spectroscopy for accurate tests of quantum electrodynamics for molecules

International audienceWe report the most accurate, to the best of our knowledge, measurement of the position of the weak quadrupole S(2) 2–0 line in ${{\rm D}_2}$D2. The spectra were collected with a frequency-stabilized cavity ringdown spectrometer (FS-CRDS) with an ultrahigh finesse optical cavity (${\cal F} = 637 000$F=637000) and operating in the frequency-agile, rapid scanning spectroscopy (FARS) mode. Despite working in the Doppler-limited regime, we reached 40 kHz of statistical uncertainty and 161 kHz of absolute accuracy, achieving the highest accuracy for homonuclear isotopologues of molecular hydrogen. The accuracy of our measurement corresponds to the fifth significant digit of the leading term in quantum electrodynamics (QED) correction. We observe $2.3\sigma$2.3σ discrepancy with the recent theoretical value