Oseltamivir use for viral pneumonia in newborns

Objective: Viruses are demonstrated to be an uncommon etiologic agent of early and late pneumonia. In this study we aimed to investigate the safety and affectivity of oseltamivir use for viral pneumonia in newborns. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in a single tertiary neonatal intensive care unit between September 2009 and April 2013. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data before and after treatment, duration of hospitalization, time of clinical improvement were recorded. Results: During the study period, a total of 69 newborn cases who were treated by oseltamivir for H1N1 swine flu (n=12) or suspicious influenza (n=57) were evaluated. Mean birth weight and gestational age were 3100±601 grams and 37.9±1.8 weeks, respectively. On admission, median postnatal age was 20.6 (7-47) days. Oseltamivir, along with supportive care, was administered as 3.0 mg/kg/dose twice a day for 5 days according to the recommendations of Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The median time of initiation of oseltamivir was 2.3 days (1-4) after admission and the median hospitalization day was 10.4 days (5-22). No adverse effects associated with oseltamivir were observed and all patients were discharged after full recovery. Conclusion: Oseltamivir use in addition to supportive therapy seems to be safe and effective in newborns with severe viral pneumonia

Intussusception in a term newborn with duct-dependent congenital heart disease

Prostaglandin E1 infusion is widely used to maintain patencyof ductus arteriosus in newborns with duct-dependentcongenital heart disease until surgery. ProstaglandinE1 is a lifesaving drug, but it has many side effects includingfever, apnea, bradycardia, hypotension, convulsion,edema, and cortical hyperostosis. The gastrointestinaltract has not been recognized as a major site of seriousadverse effects of prostaglandin E1 infusion, althoughdiarrhea is a well-recognized side effect that usually respondsto dose reduction. In this report, we present acase of intestinal intussusception presumably induced byprostaglandin therapy in a newborn with duct-dependentcongenital heart disease.Key words: Prostaglandin E1, newborn, gastrointestina

Congenital Chylothorax in a Newborn with Down Syndrome

In the neonatal period, the most common cause of pleural effusion is idiopathic congenital chylothorax. Congenital chylothorax is rarely associated with chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down, Turner and Noonan syndromes. The diagnosis can be made after analysis of the pleural fluid drained by thoracentesis or chest tube placement. During the neonatal period, chylothorax treatment is composed of conservative and surgical therapies. Nowadays, for cases among which conservative therapies fail, treatment with octreotide has been reported to be beneficial with promising results. In this report, a case of congenital chylothorax, in a newborn with Down syndrome, treated by octreotide after failure of chest tube drainage and medical treatment (total parenteral nutrition and medium chain fatty acid formula) is presented

A Case of Atypical (Cellular) Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma Presenting with High Serum Levels of Neuron Specific Enolase in Neonatal Period

The most common causes of abdominal mass are neuroblastoma, germ cell tumors, hepatoblastoma and congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) accounts for more than 90% of all renal tumors seen in the first three months of life. Total nephrectomy is curative. Neuron-specific enolase is a glycolytic enzyme that is localized primarily to the neuronal cytoplasm. Its sensitivity is especially high for neuroblastoma and small cell lung cancer. In this paper, we report a newborn with abdominal mass that was firstly considered as neuroblastoma due to calcifications observed on ultrasonography and high levels of serum neuron-specific enolase. After histopathological evaluation of the lesion, the patient was diagnosed as having atypical (cellular) congenital mesoblastic nephroma. (The Me­di­cal Bul­le­tin of Ha­se­ki 2014; 52: 223-6

Successful Medical Treatment of Segmental Dilatation of Duodenal Bulb in an Infant

ABSTRACT Vomiting of infants may result from an ineffi caciously functionin