Hispanics have the lowest stem cell transplant utilization rate for autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma in the United States: A CIBMTR report

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138212/1/cncr30747_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138212/2/cncr30747.pd

Conserved molecular interactions in centriole-to-centrosome conversion.

Centrioles are required to assemble centrosomes for cell division and cilia for motility and signalling. New centrioles assemble perpendicularly to pre-existing ones in G1-S and elongate throughout S and G2. Fully elongated daughter centrioles are converted into centrosomes during mitosis to be able to duplicate and organize pericentriolar material in the next cell cycle. Here we show that centriole-to-centrosome conversion requires sequential loading of Cep135, Ana1 (Cep295) and Asterless (Cep152) onto daughter centrioles during mitotic progression in both Drosophila melanogaster and human. This generates a molecular network spanning from the inner- to outermost parts of the centriole. Ana1 forms a molecular strut within the network, and its essential role can be substituted by an engineered fragment providing an alternative linkage between Asterless and Cep135. This conserved architectural framework is essential for loading Asterless or Cep152, the partner of the master regulator of centriole duplication, Plk4. Our study thus uncovers the molecular basis for centriole-to-centrosome conversion that renders daughter centrioles competent for motherhood.J.F., Z.L., S.S. and N.S.D. are supported from Programme Grant to D.M.G. from Cancer Research UK. H.R. is supported from MRC Programme Grant to D.M.G. J.F. thank the British Academy and the Royal Society for Newton International Fellowship and Z.L. thanks the Federation of European Biochemical Societies for the Long-Term postdoctoral Fellowship. The authors thank Nicola Lawrence and Alex Sossick for assistance with 3D-SIM.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from NPG via http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncb327

Multi-miner's cooperative evolution method of bitcoin pool based on temporal difference leaning method

Proof of Work (PoW) is used to provide a consensus mechanism for Bitcoin. In this mechanism, the process of generating a new block in the blockchain is referred to as mining. Such process is intentionally designed to be resource-intensive and time consuming so that the rate of block generation remains steady. A single participant, called a miner usually has limited computation power to produce PoWs. This leads miners to form a mining pool, where miners aggregate their computing power and share the rewards. However, a phenomenon raises in such a mining pool activity, where miners attack each other. Consequently, this results in a decrease in total rewards received from the mining pool. To address the abovementioned problem, we build a multi-miner model for forming a mining pool. We further propose a method to improve the cooperation-probability of miners in the pool by introducing a Zero-Determinant strategy and a Temporal Difference learning method (TD(λ)). Experimental simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively promote the cooperation among miners, therefore, increase the rewards received from the formed mining pool