8 research outputs found

    Functions of olfactory communication in wild saddleback tamarins, Saguinus fuscicollis

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    Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud. Fecha de lectura: 18/05/201

    Reproductive failure, possible maternal infanticide, and cannibalism in wild moustached tamarins, Saguinus mystax

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    Maternal infanticide in wild non-human primates has only been reported twice. In this paper, we report a possible new case of infanticide and cannibalism within a series of four successive reproductive failures in wild moustached tamarins, Saguinus mystax. Necropsy and genetic analyses of the corpses enabled us to rule out any pathology, and to determine paternity. The mother was seen biting and then eating the head of its own infant during a period when another female was pregnant and gave birth just 1 month later. Before that, the perpetrator had given birth to twins three times successfully when four to five adult and subadult males were present in the group. Although we do not know for certain that the infant was alive when the mother started biting it, our field observations preceding the event suggest it probably was. The possible infanticide case and the two cases of births and early death of the infants occurred while only two to three adult males were present in the group. This could be the second case of maternal infanticide reported in the genus Saguinus and the similar circumstances suggest a common pattern. We discuss these events in the light of the different functional explanations of infanticide and conclude that parental manipulation was the most likely: the mother could have terminated the investment in offspring that had low chances of survival in a group with low availability of helpers

    L’assassinat - Un instrument de puissance de plus en plus dĂ©complexĂ©. Note de recherche de l'IRSEM n° 100

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    L’apparente recrudescence de l’assassinat comme instrument politique pose des questions importantes sur le rĂŽle et les limites de l’action clandestine dans les relations internationales. Ces opĂ©rations reprĂ©sentent le haut du spectre des capacitĂ©s des services de renseignement, et constituent une des plus graves violations de la souverainetĂ© du pays hĂŽte et des droits les plus Ă©lĂ©mentaires des individus. Afin de mieux comprendre les raisons de leur usage, cette note analyse six assassinats commanditĂ©s par des rĂ©gimes dĂ©mocratiques et autocratiques depuis 2010. Notre analyse montre que si les services ne sont pas toujours en mesure d’assurer la clandestinitĂ© de telles opĂ©rations, celle-ci offre nĂ©anmoins au commanditaire la possibilitĂ© de nier son implication. La majoritĂ© des coĂ»ts politiques et diplomatiques des opĂ©rations d’assassinat examinĂ©es semblent s’estomper dans le temps et sont donc nĂ©gligeables du point de vue d’un dĂ©cideur politique. Étant donnĂ© ces conditions, nous concluons que l’utilisation de l’assassinat comme outil politique va probablement se gĂ©nĂ©raliser dans les annĂ©es Ă  venir

    L’assassinat - Un instrument de puissance de plus en plus dĂ©complexĂ©. Note de recherche de l'IRSEM n° 100

    No full text
    L’apparente recrudescence de l’assassinat comme instrument politique pose des questions importantes sur le rĂŽle et les limites de l’action clandestine dans les relations internationales. Ces opĂ©rations reprĂ©sentent le haut du spectre des capacitĂ©s des services de renseignement, et constituent une des plus graves violations de la souverainetĂ© du pays hĂŽte et des droits les plus Ă©lĂ©mentaires des individus. Afin de mieux comprendre les raisons de leur usage, cette note analyse six assassinats commanditĂ©s par des rĂ©gimes dĂ©mocratiques et autocratiques depuis 2010. Notre analyse montre que si les services ne sont pas toujours en mesure d’assurer la clandestinitĂ© de telles opĂ©rations, celle-ci offre nĂ©anmoins au commanditaire la possibilitĂ© de nier son implication. La majoritĂ© des coĂ»ts politiques et diplomatiques des opĂ©rations d’assassinat examinĂ©es semblent s’estomper dans le temps et sont donc nĂ©gligeables du point de vue d’un dĂ©cideur politique. Étant donnĂ© ces conditions, nous concluons que l’utilisation de l’assassinat comme outil politique va probablement se gĂ©nĂ©raliser dans les annĂ©es Ă  venir

    Small Neotropical primates promote the natural regeneration of anthropogenically disturbed areas

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    Increasingly large proportions of tropical forests are anthropogenically disturbed. Where natural regeneration is possible at all, it requires the input of plant seeds through seed dispersal from the forest matrix. Zoochorous seed dispersal – the major seed dispersal mode for woody plants in tropical forests – is particularly important for natural regeneration. In this study, covering a period of more than 20 years, we show that small New World primates, the tamarins Saguinus mystax and Leontocebus nigrifrons, increase their use of an anthropogenically disturbed area over time and disperse seeds from primary forest tree species into this area. Through monitoring the fate of seeds and through parentage analyses of seedlings of the legume Parkia panurensis from the disturbed area and candidate parents from the primary forest matrix, we show that tamarin seed dispersal is effective and contributes to the natural regeneration of the disturbed area
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