Optical solitons and modulation instability analysis to the quadratic-cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation

This paper obtains the dark, bright, dark-bright, dark-singular optical and singular soliton solutions to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with quadratic-cubic nonlinearity (QC-NLSE), which describes the propagation of solitons through optical fibers. The adopted integration scheme is the sine-Gordon expansion method (SGEM). Further more, the modulation instability analysis (MI) of the equation is studied based on the standard linear-stability analysis, and the MI gain spectrum is got. Physical interpretations of the acquired results are demonstrated. It is hoped that the results reported in this paper can enrich the nonlinear dynamical behaviors of the PNSE

Lie symmetry analysis, exact solutions and conservation laws for the time fractional modified Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation

In this work, Lie symmetry analysis (LSA) for the time fractional modified Zakharov–Kuznetsov (mZK) equation with Riemann–Liouville (RL) derivative is analyzed. We transform the time fractional mZK equation to nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) of fractional order using its point symmetries with a new dependent variable. In the reduced equation, the derivative is in Erdelyi–Kober (EK) sense. We obtained exact traveling wave solutions by using fractional DξαG/G-expansion method. Using Ibragimov's nonlocal conservation method to time fractional nonlinear partial differential equations (FNPDEs), we compute conservation laws (CLs) for the mZK equation

Adoption of Demand Driven Acquisition among Malaysian Academic Libraries: The Mediating Effect of Readiness

Collection acquisition is continuously becoming a rigorous activity as libraries are seeking more economical path to information resources to adequately meets the needs of their users. Libraries are supporting patrons needs through demand-driven acquisition that gives them liberty to participate in library collection acquisition decision. This study investigates Malaysian academic libraries adoption of Demand-driven acquisition (DDA) model considering the mediating effect of readiness. A quantitative research approach was employed using survey questionnaire with a total of 152 responses gathered. This study demonstrates that readiness has significantly influenced DDA adoption among Malaysian academic libraries, so is awareness and socio-economic factors

Interaction between phosphorus fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculants on yield components of cassava in northern Guinea savanna alfisols of Nigeria

Field experiment was carried out in the Northern Guinea Savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria to examine the interaction between Phosphorus (P) fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal (AMF) inoculants on cassava yield components. The experiment was laid in a split plot design with P fertilizers as main plot and AMF inoculants as subplots. There were three rates of P (0, 17.5, and 35 kg P2O5 ha-1) and three levels of AMF inoculants (Control, Glomygel and Mycodrip). The result showed a significant interaction between P and AMF in root/shoot ratio and mycorrhizal response ratio. Highest root/shoot was recorded with combination of 17.5 P2O5 ha-1+ control which depict increased sink strength. However, at 0 kg P2O5 ha-1, Glomygel and Mycodrip were 65.5% and 21.5% respectively greater than control. Mycorrhizal response was also shown to be highest with application of 0 kg P2O5 ha-1 + Glomygel showing much influence of the inoculants where no P was applied. Single effects of P and AMF showed that dry yield components were significantly (p<0.01) increased. The root dry weight was increased by 3.21 and 5.16 t ha-1as a result of application of 17.5 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 35 kg P2O5 ha-1respectively over application of 0 kg P2O5 ha-1. Glomygel and Mycodrip inoculants recorded 28% and 4% total plant dry yield increment respectively over control. This study shows that both P and AMF increased dry yield of cassava in Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The reproducibility at scale and in time is required for proper recommendation.Keywords: AMF inoculants, Cassava, Alfisol, Mycorrhizal response, P fertilizers

Impact of Bank Lending on Economic Growth in Nigeria

In Nigeria, the banking sector is an important part of the financial system. The banking sector dominates the Nigerian financial system as it accounts for about 90% of the total assets in the system. However, the banking sector has not contributed significantly to the growth and development of Nigerian economy as expected. The poor performance of the sector has been attributed to numerous problems that faced the sector such as inadequate capital, high nonperforming assets which had led to frequent distress in the sector and collapse of banks in the past. This study is carried out to examine the impact bank lending on economic growth in Nigeria. In addition, the objective of this study is to examine the impact of bank lending on economic growth in Nigeria for the period 1987 to 2012. This study relies purely on secondary data, and using multiple regression model, the study find out that bank lending accounts for about 82.6% variation in economic growth in Nigeria for the period under study. The study concludes that there is a statistically significant impact of bank lending on economic growth in Nigeria. This, suggest that the performance of the Nigerian economy is greatly influence by bank lending. The study recommends that the federal government of Nigeria through the central bank of Nigeria (CBN) should strengthened the banking sector to ensure an improve credit flow to the activity sectors because of its strategic importance in creating and generating growth of the economy. Keywords: Bank lending, economic growth, financial system, banks, banking sector, Nigerian economy, Gross Domestic Product (GDP

Response of grain legumes to rhizobial inoculation in two savanna soils of Nigeria

Three inoculation trials with soybean, cowpea and groundnut were conducted on Eutric Cambisols (EC) and Rhodic Nitisols (RN) in a greenhouse. Five rhizobial inoculants: MAR 1495, TSBF Mixture, Legumefix, HiStick and IRJ 2180A were tested on each crop to determine their response to soil type and ability to form symbiotic relationship with the crops. Generally, response to inoculation was found to be significantly higher (P < 0.05) in EC than RN. In soybean and groundnut trials, highest nodulation in both soils was recorded by strain MAR 1495 followed by TSBF Mixture and these were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than other inoculants and control. A similar trend, though only in EC, was observed in N uptake and in nitrogen fixation but no significant difference was observed in dry matter yield. Cowpea trials did not show response to inoculation nor was there difference between the soils. Instead, control treatment surpassed all the inoculated treatments in nodulation at P < 0.05. Nitrogen uptake and N2 fixation of control also surpassed those of inoculated treatments. Rhizobia strains MAR 1495 and TSBF Mixture showed similar ability to improve the productivity of soybean and groundnut thus can be used as common inoculants for the two crops

Strengthening innovation capacity of Nigerian agricultural research organizations:

Strong agricultural research and development (R&D) is crucial for improving agricultural productivity and efficiency, which in turn both lead to agricultural development, food security, and poverty reduction. However, several studies have shown that in many developing countries, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa, there is persistent underinvestment in R&D and weak research capacity, both of which continue to undermine agricultural productivity and growth in these countries.research system, innovation system, Capacity development, organizational culture,

Design Construction and Performance Evaluation of Solar Still for Rural Dwellers

This paper is aimed at designing, constructing and performance evaluation of a solar still. The solar still is design and constructed with locally source materials for rural dwellers. The still absorber plate is constructed with 2 mm galvanised plate painted black with an area of 2 m2 to absorb solar radiation effectively. The side wall and the base is constructed with concrete. Sawdust and felt is used between the retaining wall and base to resist heat transfer from the system to the surrounding vice-versa. The top cover of the still is constructed with transparent glass pane of 4 mm housed in an aluminium frame. The catch basin that collects the condensate is constructed with PVC pipe channel of 50 mm. The performance of the still was evaluated with; Overall yield (sum of daily yield and over-night yield) at a different water depth of (20, 40, 60 mm), (5127 ml/m2/hr, 4558 ml/m2/hr, and 3852 ml/m2/hr). The efficiency of the system at different water depth (20, 40, 60 mm) 51.27 %, 45.58 %, and 38.52 %. The water analysis before and after distillation was certified safe and portable for human consumption

Bio-Fertilizers via Co-Digestion: a Review

In diversifying the economies of most oil producing countries especially in regions with arable lands, Agriculture becomes the next choice aside mineral deposits. This has led to a search for an alternative to inorganic fertilizers, the alternatives are the biofertilizers. The paper discussed the classification of the anaerobic co-digestion process based on the application of inoculants to the biodigester feedstock to speed up the digestion process and the absence of inoculants. Biodigester feedstock also looked at the various mechanisms in the digestion process which includes hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis, the pathways were illustrated with chemical equations and various microorganisms that take part in the anaerobic process were mentioned and tabulated. The types of biofertilizers, merits, and demerits, the difference between biofertilizers and organic fertilizers were comprehensively discussed. Current trends on the application of the co-digestion technique to improve the yield, nutrient, and safety of biofertilizers and also the recent progression on the technique were mentioned

Adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Library Parlance: Issues and Benefits

That AI has permeated all aspects of human endevour is a statement of fact. Indeed, the applications of AI technology will be the finest technology to give a boost to core sectors and help Nigeria for a fastest digitization. This study on the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in library parlance: issues and benefits focuses on the concept of artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence in library operations such as applications of expert systems in reference service, cataloguing, classification, indexing, and acquisition; applications of natural language processing in library activities, application of pattern recognition in library activities, applications of robotics in the library activities. The paper also looks at issues with artificial intelligence in libraries such as financial uncertainty, emerging skill gaps, resistance to change in workflow processes and adoption of new technologies including the fear of AI\u27s possible risks among others. Furthermore, the benefits derivable by the adoption of AI in library operations which include but not limited to improve operational efficiency, engage larger audiences through better user experience and new services, help librarians achieve their new goals, establish a strong foothold for libraries in the new scholarly information landscape among others are discussed. Finally, a conclusion with a call for libraries to re-position themselves to take relative advantage of artificial intelligence was advanced