495 research outputs found
Co-universal -algebras for product systems over finite aligned subcategories of groupoids
The product systems over left cancellative small categories are introduced
and studied in this paper. We also introduce the notion of compactly aligned
product systems over finite aligned left cancellative small categories and its
Nica covariant representations. The existence of co-universal algebras for
injective, gauge-compatible, Nica covariant representations of compactly
aligned product systems over finite aligned subcategories of groupoids is
proved in this paper.Comment: 24 page
Improving the resilience of post-disaster water distribution systems using a dynamic optimization framework
The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.Improving the resilience of water distribution systems (WDSs) to handle natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes) is a critical step towards sustainable urban water management. This requires the water utility to be able to respond quickly to such disaster events and in an organized manner, to prioritize the use of available resources to restore service rapidly whilst minimizing the negative impacts. Many methods have been developed to evaluate the WDS resilience, but few efforts are made so far to improve resilience of a post-disaster WDS through identifying optimal sequencing of recovery actions. To address this gap, a new dynamic optimization framework is proposed here where the resilience of a post-disaster WDS is evaluated using six different metrics. A tailored Genetic Algorithm is developed to solve the complex optimization problem driven by these metrics. The proposed framework is demonstrated using a real-world WDS with 6,064 pipes. Results obtained show that the proposed framework successfully identifies near-optimal sequencing of recovery actions for this complex WDS. The gained insights, conditional on the specific attributes of the case study, include: (i) the near-optimal sequencing of recovery strategy heavily depends on the damage properties of the WDS, (ii) replacements of damaged elements tend to be scheduled at the intermediate-late stages of the recovery process due to their long operation time, and (iii) interventions to damaged pipe elements near critical facilities (e.g., hospitals) should not be necessarily the first priority to recover due to complex hydraulic interactions within the WDS
Beam Squint Assisted User Localization in Near-Field Integrated Sensing and Communications Systems
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been regarded as a key
technology for 6G wireless communications, in which large-scale multiple input
and multiple output (MIMO) array with higher and wider frequency bands will be
adopted. However, recent studies show that the beam squint phenomenon can not
be ignored in wideband MIMO system, which generally deteriorates the
communications performance. In this paper, we find that with the aid of
true-time-delay lines (TTDs), the range and trajectory of the beam squint in
near-field communications systems can be freely controlled, and hence it is
possible to reversely utilize the beam squint for user localization. We derive
the trajectory equation for near-field beam squint points and design a way to
control such trajectory. With the proposed design, beamforming from different
subcarriers would purposely point to different angles and different distances,
such that users from different positions would receive the maximum power at
different subcarriers. Hence, one can simply localize multiple users from the
beam squint effect in frequency domain, and thus reduce the beam sweeping
overhead as compared to the conventional time domain beam search based
approach. Furthermore, we utilize the phase difference of the maximum power
subcarriers received by the user at different frequencies in several times beam
sweeping to obtain a more accurate distance estimation result, ultimately
realizing high accuracy and low beam sweeping overhead user localization.
Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.Comment: This paper has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Wireless
Communications (TWC) on 18 September 202
Waveform Design for Communication-Assisted Sensing in 6G Perceptive Networks
The integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technique has the potential
to achieve coordination gain by exploiting the mutual assistance between
sensing and communication (S&C) functions. While the sensing-assisted
communications (SAC) technology has been extensively studied for high-mobility
scenarios, the communication-assisted sensing (CAS) counterpart remains widely
unexplored. This paper presents a waveform design framework for CAS in 6G
perceptive networks, aiming to attain an optimal sensing quality of service
(QoS) at the user after the target's parameters successively ``pass-through''
the SC channels. In particular, a pair of transmission schemes, namely,
separated S&C and dual-functional waveform designs, are proposed to optimize
the sensing QoS under the constraints of the rate-distortion and power budget.
The first scheme reveals a power allocation trade-off, while the latter
presents a water-filling trade-off. Numerical results demonstrate the
effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, where the dual-functional scheme
exhibits approximately 12% performance gain compared to its separated waveform
design counterpart
Radar Sensing via OTFS Signaling: A Delay Doppler Signal Processing Perspective
The recently proposed orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation
multiplexes data symbols in the delay-Doppler (DD) domain. Since the range and
velocity, which can be derived from the delay and Doppler shifts, are the
parameters of interest for radar sensing, it is natural to consider
implementing DD signal processing for radar sensing. In this paper, we
investigate the potential connections between the OTFS and DD domain radar
signal processing. Our analysis shows that the range-Doppler matrix computing
process in radar sensing is exactly the demodulation of OTFS with a rectangular
pulse shaping filter. Furthermore, we propose a two-dimensional (2D)
correlation-based algorithm to estimate the fractional delay and Doppler
parameters for radar sensing. Simulation results show that the proposed
algorithm can efficiently obtain the delay and Doppler shifts associated with
multiple targets.Comment: ICC-2023 Accepte
The Status of Pro-social Tendency of Left-Behind Adolescents in China: How Family Function and Self-Esteem Affect Pro-social Tendencies
In China, adolescents are frequently left behind. To date, few studies have focused on the pro-social tendencies of left-behind adolescents and the relationship of family function, self-esteem, and pro-social tendency is yet to be examined. This study, therefore, aims to understand the status of pro-social tendency of left-behind adolescents and to explore the mediating and moderating roles of self-esteem in the relationship between family function and pro-social tendency. A large, school-based survey was conducted in three Chinese provinces. An analysis of covariance was first used to identify the differences in pro-social tendency between adolescents who were and were not left behind. We then analyzed the variance within left-behind adolescents using demographics, left-behind type, years of being left-behind, and caregiver related characteristics. A structural equation model was used to analyze the relationship of family function, self-esteem, and pro-social tendency, with bootstrapping used to explore the mediating role of self-esteem. Additionally, an ordinary least squares regression was used to examine the moderating effect of self-esteem. The results showed that the pro-social tendency of left-behind adolescents was lower than in non-left-behind adolescents (F = 15.11, p = 0.0001). Family function was positive related to pro-social tendency (r = 0.259), which had not only a direct effect on pro-social tendency (β = 0.254), but also an indirect effect through self-esteem (β = 0.071, bias-corrected 95% CI: 0.051:0.090; percentile 95% CI: 0.053:0.092). Additionally, 21.85% of the total effect of family function on pro-social tendency was mediated by self-esteem. Furthermore, self-esteem negatively moderated the relationship between family function and pro-social tendency (β = -0.208, p < 0.0001), such that the effect of family function on pro-social tendency became weaker as self-esteem increased. The current study verified the negative effect of being left behind on the social development of adolescents and contributed to the understanding of the importance of self-esteem in the relationship between family function and pro-social tendency. Interventions aimed at enhancing self-esteem should be developed and implemented in left-behind adolescents to promote wellness in the entirety of psychological and social outcomes
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