The subordinated processes controlled by a family of subordinators and corresponding Fokker-Planck type equations

In this work, we consider subordinated processes controlled by a family of subordinators which consist of a power function of time variable and a negative power function of $\alpha-$stable random variable. The effect of parameters in the subordinators on the subordinated process is discussed. By suitable variable substitutions and Laplace transform technique, the corresponding fractional Fokker-Planck-type equations are derived. We also compute their mean square displacements in a free force field. By choosing suitable ranges of parameters, the resulting subordinated processes may be subdiffusive, normal diffusive or superdiffusive.Comment: 11 pages, accepted by J. Stat. Mech.: Theor. Ex

Automated Interactive Visualization on Abstract Concepts in Computer Science

The paper presents CSVisFrame, a framework formaking visualizations, which solves the understanding difficultyon learning abstract concepts in computer science including datastructures and algorithms. With the framework, instructors anddevelopers can develop all varieties of interactive visualizations,with which students can learn and understand abstract conceptsin computer science more easily.CSVisFrame has been applied to both offline and onlinecomputer courses. Students from Sichuan Normal Universityhave enjoyed visualizations based on CSVisFrame in their AlgorithmDesign and Analysis course, and thousands of students ofJisuanke have benefitted from online CSVisFrame-based visualizedcomputer science courses. The effectiveness of CSVisFramebasedvisualizations has been demonstrated by our sample survey,which shows that visualizations are widely accepted, and almostall students can achieve a better learning. CSVisFrame is opensourced1,and demonstrations based on CSVisFrame are free2

Direct fiber vector eigenmode multiplexing transmission seeded by integrated optical vortex emitters

Spatial modes have received substantial attention over the last decades and are used in optical communication applications. In fiber-optic communications, the employed linearly polarized modes and phase vortex modes carrying orbital angular momentum can be synthesized by fiber vector eigenmodes. To improve the transmission capacity and miniaturize the communication system, straightforward fiber vector eigenmode multiplexing and generation of fiber-eigenmode-like polarization vortices (vector vortex modes) using photonic integrated devices are of substantial interest. Here, we propose and demonstrate direct fiber vector eigenmode multiplexing transmission seeded by integrated optical vortex emitters. By exploiting vector vortex modes (radially and azimuthally polarized beams) generated from silicon microring resonators etched with angular gratings, we report data-carrying fiber vector eigenmode multiplexing transmission through a 2-km large-core fiber, showing low-level mode crosstalk and favorable link performance. These demonstrations may open up added capacity scaling opportunities by directly accessing multiple vector eigenmodes in the fiber and provide compact solutions to replace bulky diffractive optical elements for generating various optical vector beams

Tetra­aqua­tetra­kis­(4,4′-bipyridine dioxide-κO)terbium(III) octa­cyanidotungstate(V)

In the title compound, [Tb(C10H8N2O2)4(H2O)4][W(CN)8], both metal atoms are eight-coordinated. The TbIII ion displays a dodeca­hedral geometry, while the Wv ion exhibits a distorted square-anti­prismatic geometry. The Tb atoms are located on a special position of site symmetry -4, whereas the W atoms are located on a twofold rotation axis. The cations are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The title compound is isotypic with the corresponding and previously described Mo compound [Qian & Yuan (2011 ▶). Acta Cryst. E67, m845]

Xenopus Reduced Folate Carrier Regulates Neural Crest Development Epigenetically

Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy causes birth neurocristopathic malformations resulting from aberrant development of neural crest cells. The Reduced folate carrier (RFC) is a membrane-bound receptor for facilitating transfer of reduced folate into the cells. RFC knockout mice are embryonic lethal and develop multiple malformations, including neurocristopathies. Here we show that XRFC is specifically expressed in neural crest tissues in Xenopus embryos and knockdown of XRFC by specific morpholino results in severe neurocristopathies. Inhibition of RFC blocked the expression of a series of neural crest marker genes while overexpression of RFC or injection of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate expanded the neural crest territories. In animal cap assays, knockdown of RFC dramatically reduced the mono- and trimethyl-Histone3-K4 levels and co-injection of the lysine methyltransferase hMLL1 largely rescued the XRFC morpholino phenotype. Our data revealed that the RFC mediated folate metabolic pathway likely potentiates neural crest gene expression through epigenetic modifications

A Survey on Extreme Multi-label Learning

Multi-label learning has attracted significant attention from both academic and industry field in recent decades. Although existing multi-label learning algorithms achieved good performance in various tasks, they implicitly assume the size of target label space is not huge, which can be restrictive for real-world scenarios. Moreover, it is infeasible to directly adapt them to extremely large label space because of the compute and memory overhead. Therefore, eXtreme Multi-label Learning (XML) is becoming an important task and many effective approaches are proposed. To fully understand XML, we conduct a survey study in this paper. We first clarify a formal definition for XML from the perspective of supervised learning. Then, based on different model architectures and challenges of the problem, we provide a thorough discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each category of methods. For the benefit of conducting empirical studies, we collect abundant resources regarding XML, including code implementations, and useful tools. Lastly, we propose possible research directions in XML, such as new evaluation metrics, the tail label problem, and weakly supervised XML.Comment: A preliminary versio