96 research outputs found
Parameter from Dynamical Rearrangement of U(1) and Parameter
We study the generation of parameter from the dynamical rearrangement
of local U(1) symmetry in a five-dimensional model and discuss phenomenological
implications on the parameter, under the assumption that supersymmetry
is broken by the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism.Comment: 16 page
Family number, Wilson line phases and hidden supersymmetry
We study the relationship between the family number of chiral fermions and
the Wilson line phases, based on the orbifold family unification. We find that
flavor numbers are independent of the Wilson line phases relating
extra-dimensional components of gauge bosons, as far as the standard model
gauge symmetry is respected. This feature originates from a hidden
quantum-mechanical supersymmetry.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figur
Equivalence Classes of Boundary Conditions in SU(N) Gauge Theory on 2-dimensional Orbifolds
We study equivalence classes of boundary conditions in an SU(N) gauge theory
on six-dimensional space-time including two-dimensional orbifold. For five
kinds of two-dimensional orbifolds and
, orbifold conditions and those gauge transformation properties
are given and the equivalence relations among boundary conditions are derived.
The classification of boundary conditions related to diagonal representatives
is carried out using the equivalence relations.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, revised version for publication in PT
Soft Supersymmetry Breaking Masses and Parameter from Dynamical Rearrangement of Exotic U(1) Symmetries
We propose a mechanism that the soft supersymmetry breaking masses and
parameter can be induced from the dynamical rearrangement of local U(1)
symmetries in a five-dimensional model. It offers to a solution of
problem if there is a large hierarchy among the relevant U(1) charge of
Higgsinos and that of hidden fields which stabilize the extra-dimensional
component of U(1) gauge boson.Comment: 17 page
Equivalence Classes of Boundary Conditions in Gauge Theory on Orbifold
We study equivalence classes of boundary conditions in gauge theory on the
orbifold . Orbifold conditions and those gauge transformation
properties are given and the gauge equivalence is understood by the Hosotani
mechanism. Mode expansions are carried out for six-dimensional singlet
fields and a triplet field, and the one-loop effective potential for
Wilson line phases is calculated.Comment: PTPTEX,17 page
Orbifold family unification on six dimensions
We study the possibility of family unification on the basis of SU(N) gauge theory on the sixdimensional space-time, M-4 x T-2/Z(N). We obtain enormous numbers of models with three families of SU(5) matter multiplets and those with three families of the standard model multiplets, from a single massless Dirac fermion with a higher-dimensional representation of SU(N), through the orbifold breaking mechanism.ArticlePHYSICAL REVIEW D. 88(5):055016 (2013)journal articl
Dual-Energy CTを用いた肺血液量画像の定量的評価:急性肺血栓塞栓症患者に対する定量的重症度評価
BACKGROUND:Regional iodine distribution assessment on dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been suggested as useful for management of acute pulmonary thromboembolism (APTE) patients. However, no reported studies have made a direct comparison between quantitatively assessed DECT and right-to-left ventricular (RV/LV) ratio on CT for differentiation of right heart dysfunction (RHD) from non-right heart dysfunction (NRHD) in APTE patients.
PURPOSE:To determine the capability of DECT for differentiation of RHD from NRHD in APTE patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:Thirteen APTE patients underwent DECT and echocardiography at onset of APTE. Patients were divided into RHD (n = 7) and NRHD (n = 6) groups based on echocardiography. A normalized lung perfused blood volume map was generated, and two kinds of overall perfusion (OP) index were determined, one placed over each lung field (OP index A) and as the average from six regions of interest (ROIs) placed over each lung field (OP index B). The heterogeneity index was also determined as the standard deviation for the six ROIs. RV/LV ratio evaluations were also performed. To assess differences between the two groups, each index was statistically compared with the Mann-Whitney U test. The receiver-operating curve-based positive test was then performed to determine the feasible threshold value for dividing patients into the two groups. Finally, differentiation capabilities of the indexes were compared using McNemar's test.
RESULTS:Significant differences between the two groups were found for both OP indexes and RV/LV ratio (P < 0.05). For each of the feasible threshold values, accuracy of each OP index with and without RV/LV ratio was better than that of the RV/LV ratio.
CONCLUSION:Quantitative DECT has good potential for differentiation of APTE patients with and without right heart dysfunction.博士(医学)・乙第1350号・平成26年12月3日© The Foundation Acta Radiologica 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav
Molecular evolution of adenylating domain of aminoadipate reductase
BACKGROUND: Aminoadipate reductase (Lys2) is a fungal-specific protein. This enzyme contains an adenylating domain. A similar primary structure can be found in some bacterial antibiotic/peptide synthetases. In this study, we aimed to determine which bacterial adenylating domain is most closely related to Lys2. In addition, we analyzed the substitution rate of the adenylating domain-encoding region. RESULTS: Some bacterial proteins contain more than two similar sequences to that of the adenylating domain of Lys2. We compared 67 amino acid sequences from 37 bacterial and 10 fungal proteins. Phylogenetic trees revealed that the lys2 genes are monophyletic; on the other hand, bacterial antibiotic/peptide synthase genes were not found to be monophyletic. Comparative phylogenetic studies among closely related fungal lys2 genes showed that the rate of insertion/deletion in these genes was lower and the nucleotide substitution rate was higher than that in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. CONCLUSIONS: The lys2 gene is one of the most useful tools for revealing the phylogenetic relationships among fungi, due to its low insertion/deletion rate and its high substitution rate. Lys2 is most closely related to certain bacterial antibiotic/peptide synthetases, but a common ancestor of Lys2 and these synthetases evolutionarily branched off in the distant past
Aminoadipate reductase gene: a new fungal-specific gene for comparative evolutionary analyses
BACKGROUND: In fungi, aminoadipate reductase converts 2-aminoadipate to 2-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde. However, other organisms have no homologue to the aminoadipate reductase gene and this pathway appears to be restricted to fungi. In this study, we designed degenerate primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a large fragment of the aminoadipate reductase gene for divergent fungi. RESULTS: Using these primers, we amplified DNA fragments from the archiascomycetous yeast Saitoella complicata and the black-koji mold Aspergillus awamori. Based on an alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences, we constructed phylogenetic trees. These trees are consistent with current ascomycete systematics and demonstrate the potential utility of the aminoadipete reductase gene for phylogenetic analyses of fungi. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the comparison of aminoadipate reductase among species will be useful for molecular ecological and evolutionary studies of fungi, because this enzyme-encoding gene is a fungal-specific gene and generally appears to be single copy
Classification of Standard Model Particles in Orbifold Grand Unified Theories
We classify the standard model fermions, which originate from bulk fields of
the or representation after orbifold breaking, in
grand unified theories on 5 or 6-dimensional space-time, under the
condition that , and survive as zero modes.Comment: 24 pages, typos corrected, to appear in IJMP
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