The development of pharyngeal taste buds in Hucho taimen (Pallas, 1773) larvae

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the development of pharyngeal taste buds (TBs) and first feeding of Hucho taimen. Larvae were fed with live food (water flea and tubifex) for 8 weeks. TBs of larval pharynx were histologically examined using light microscopy during the rearing experiment. The results showed that the first few TBs primordia were visible within the pharynx 27 days after hatch (DAH), which coincides with the onset of feeding, and the first few TBs with open receptor areas appear 45 DAH. TBs of pharynx were well developed 76 DAH. The number and size of TBs were quantified during larval development. The average number of pharynx was 8.63±1.15, 11.29±0.50, 14.50±1.06, and 17.78±0.47 TBs at 27, 36, 45, and 76 DAH, respectively. The number of TBs increased in both the upper and lower pharynx. The ratio of height to width of TBs showed an increase tendency, ranging from 0.81 to 1.11. The height of TBs showed an increase tendency after 29 DAH during the development. However, the width of TBs exhibited a low at 35 DAH. In conclusion, the development of pharyngeal TBs coincides with the first feeding, and this should lead to a better understanding of improvement of larval rearing in H. taimen hatcheries

Fragmentation and Multifragmentation of 10.6A GeV Gold Nuclei

We present the results of a study performed on the interactions of 10.6A GeV gold nuclei in nuclear emulsions. In a minimum bias sample of 1311 interac- tions, 5260 helium nuclei and 2622 heavy fragments were observed as Au projec- tile fragments. The experimental data are analyzed with particular emphasis of target separation interactions in emulsions and study of criticalexponents. Multiplicity distributions of the fast-moving projectile fragments are inves- tigated. Charged fragment moments, conditional moments as well as two and three -body asymmetries of the fast moving projectile particles are determined in terms of the total charge remaining bound in the multiply charged projectile fragments. Some differences in the average yields of helium nuclei and heavier fragments are observed, which may be attributed to a target effect. However, two and three-body asymmetries and conditional moments indicate that the breakup mechanism of the projectile seems to be independent of target mass. We looked for evidence of critical point observable in finite nuclei by study the resulting charged fragments distributions. We have obtained the values for the critical exponents gamma, beta and tau and compare our results with those at lower energy experiment (1.0A GeV data). The values suggest that a phase transition like behavior, is observed.Comment: latex, revtex, 28 pages, 12 figures, 3tables, submitted to Europysics Journal

Chemical insights into the roles of nanowire cores on the growth and supercapacitor performances of Ni-Co-O/Ni(OH)2 core/shell electrodes

10.1038/srep21566Scientific Reports62156

L10 FePt nanoparticles with distinct perpendicular magnetic anisotropy prepared on Au buffer layers by a micellar method

FePt nanoparticles were self-assembled on a MgO(001) substrate by a micellar method. We introduced an Au buffer layer to control the lattice orientation and the magnetic alignment of FePt nanoparticles. A distinct c-axis preferred orientation of the FePt nanoparticles was achieved during the thermal annealing treatment. The driving force of lattice reorientation is considered to be the result of the stress caused by the lattice misfit between Au and FePt. The degree of c-axis orientation is significantly enhanced with increasing Au thickness, which is attributed to the decrease of the in-plane lattice and the improved crystal quality of the Au layer. Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was observed for the FePt samples with the Au buffer layer. The out-of-plane coercivity and remanence ratio are3.1 kOe and0.8, respectively, which far exceed the in-plane values.?2011 American Institute of Physics