28 research outputs found
Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves for SS-C (A) and SS-A (B) indicating the designated cut off points at 16.5 and 16, respectively.
<p>The points at the ROC curve at the designated cut offs for SS-C (C) and SS-A (D) forms 1 and 2 are also illustrated.</p
Reliability results for SS-C and SS-A.
<p>Note: * = AUC test statistically significant (p<0.05) from 0.5 (i.e., no diagnostic ability).</p><p>Key: IR = interquartile range; 95%LoA = 95% limits of agreement; %CV = percent coefficient of variation; SE = sensitivity; SP = specificity; PPV = positive predicted value; NPV = negative predicted value; LR = likelihood ratio; AUC = area under the ROC curve; CI95% = 95% confidence interval; SE = standard error.</p
Results (median ± interquartile range) for hair nicotine and prevalence rates (±95% confidence interval) for SHS+ and SHS- in children and adult never-smokers.
<p>Note: * = χ<sup>2</sup> significant difference (p<0.05) between SHS+ and SHS–.</p><p> = χ<sup>2</sup> significant difference (p<0.05) between children and adults.</p><p>Key: SHS+ = positive diagnosis of SHS exposure using the forms; SHS– = negative diagnosis of SHS exposure using the forms.</p
Factor loadings for the Smoke Scale in children and adults.
<p>Note: VAS = 10 cm visual analogue scale; Likert = 5-level likert scale (not at all, somewhat, moderately, a lot, extremely).</p
Mean ± SD of cytokine production for men and women for the statistically significant post-hoc comparisons.
<p>Note:</p>a<p> = statistically significant (P<0.05) difference from previous measurement.</p>b<p> = statistically significant (P<0.05) difference of <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> or <i>T</i><sub>3</sub> from <i>T</i><sub>B</sub>.</p>c<p> = statistically significant (P<0.05) difference between sexes for the same measurement.</p><p>Key: IL4, 5 and 6: interleukins 4, 5 and 6, respectively; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha; IFN-γ: interferon gamma; M: men; W: women.</p
Overview of the experimental protocol.
<p>In the baseline trial (<i>T</i><sub>B</sub>) participants underwent a physical exertion bout that started at 1200 h without any SHS. In the remaining trials, one hour of SHS was administered at either 0800 h (<i>T</i><sub>3</sub>), 1000 h (<i>T</i><sub>1</sub>) or 1100 h (<i>T</i><sub>0</sub>), while the same physical exertion protocol initiated at 1200 h. SHS = secondhand smoke.</p
Mean ± SD of cardiorespiratory variables for men and women for the statistically significant post-hoc comparisons.
<p>Note:</p>a<p> = statistically significant (P<0.05) difference from previous measurement.</p>b<p> = statistically significant (P<0.05) difference of <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> or <i>T</i><sub>3</sub> from <i>T</i><sub>B</sub>.</p>c<p> = statistically significant (P<0.05) difference between sexes for the same measurement.</p><p>Key: <sub>%</sub>Max O<sub>2</sub> uptake: percent predicted maximal oxygen uptake; HR: heart rate; SBP, DBP, and MAP: systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure, respectively; M: men; W: women.</p
Mean ± SD of cotinine and lung function for men and women for the statistically significant post-hoc comparisons.
<p>Note:</p>a<p> = statistically significant (P<0.05) difference from previous measurement.</p>b<p> = statistically significant (P<0.05) difference of <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> or <i>T</i><sub>3</sub> from <i>T</i><sub>B</sub>.</p>c<p> = statistically significant (P<0.05) difference between sexes for the same measurement.</p><p>Key: FVC: forced vital capacity; FEV<sub>1</sub>: forced expiratory volume in 1 second; <sub>%</sub>FEV<sub>1</sub>: percent predicted FEV<sub>1</sub>; PEF: peak expiratory flow; MEF<sub>75%</sub>, MEF<sub>50%</sub>, MEF<sub>25%</sub>: maximum expiratory flow when 75%, 50% and 25% of FVC remains in the lungs, respectively; MVV: maximum voluntary ventilation; RR: respiratory rate; TV: tidal volume; M: men; W: women.</p
Physical performance, depression, daytime sleepiness and sleep quality data.
<p>All data are mean ± SD. P values are adjusted for yrs in dialysis. Abbreviations: STS-5, sit-to- stand test 5-repetitions; STS-60, sit-to- stand test 60 seconds; NSRI, North Staffordshire royal infirmary test.</p