Implementación de un sistema GPS para la verificación de tiempos de viaje de un autobús

Implementar un sistema GPS para la verificación de tiempos de viaje de un autobús.Desde años atrás y hasta la actualidad se puede observar que las diferentes cooperativas de transporte interprovincial controlan el tiempo de viaje de cada una de sus unidades únicamente definiendo la hora de salida y llegada a su destino, provocando que los usuarios no obtengan un buen servicio debido a que no conocen la hora específica a la que debe pasar el vehículo a través de los diferentes lugares ubicados entre la ruta a seguir, esto se debe a que no se dispone de algún dispositivo que permita controlar los diferentes tiempos. Además, al no contar con alguno de estos sistemas no es posible registrar los viajes realizados por el autobús que nos permita obtener información estadística para conocer el tiempo y los lugares de espera que realizan en los diferentes viajes. El dispositivo es desarrollado a través de la plataforma de hardware libre Arduino, en el que mediante la programación es posible recolectar información brindada durante su funcionamiento, permitiendo que las autoridades pertinentes tengan conocimiento de los lugares en los que el autobús realiza esperas y adelantos, y de esta manera imponer la respectiva sanción al responsable del vehículo. Además, con el registro de la velocidad máxima y mínima de viaje del autobús se podrá brindar mayor seguridad a los usuarios y al chofer de la respectiva unidad. La hora de cruce por los diferentes lugares de control son registrados a través del funcionamiento del módulo GPS instalado en el dispositivo, tomando en cuenta valores de longitud y latitud. Para realizar un análisis estadístico se desarrolla un programa de análisis de datos en el que se observa información de tiempos totales de adelantos y atrasos, como también información de cada viaje realizado en un determinado tiempo, además de registrar las velocidades máximas y mínimas y de su respectiva representación gráfica a través del programa Power BI

PGX Technology: Novel tailor-made and tuneable Delivery Systems for poorly water-soluble Bioactives

The delivery of poorly water-soluble bioactives, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and nutraceutical components is of great interest for existing drugs and new drug developments, cosmetic formulations, functional foods and nutraceuticals. This article presents a novel patented technology called PGX Technology, which utilizes pressurized gas expanded (PGX) liquids to dry, micronize, purify and functionalize water-soluble polymers. PGX Technology can generate open-porous nanostructured polymer carriers composed of one or several water-soluble polymers forming powders, granules, nano-fibrils, aerogels and exfoliated nano-composites with specific surface areas (SSA) ranging from tens to several hundred m2/g. Such mesoporous water-soluble carrier systems can be impregnated with a bioactive by means of adsorptive precipitation, utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide, leading to the uniform deposition of nano-scale particles (<120 nm) throughout the porous matrix, forming a bioactive-polymer complex, for example coenzyme Q10 on β-glucan (CoQ10-iBG). A nano-dispersion of CoQ10 is formed when such CoQ10-iBG complex is dissolved in water, which is stable over 6 months at room temperature. The bioavailability of the CoQ10-iBG complex tested in rats compared favorably with a positive control (CoQ10 in triolein) and a commercial CoQ10-cyclodextrin complex

Motivación laboral y productividad de los colaboradores del área de ventas de la distribuidora PMA de Trujillo, 2023

Esta investigación tuvo como propósito determinar la relación entre la motivación laboral y productividad de los colaboradores del área de ventas de la distribuidora PMA de Trujillo, 2023. Se desarrolló bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, siendo de tipo aplicada, de alcance descriptivo correlacional, de diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. La población, estuvo conformada por 89 colaboradores y la muestra por 73. Se identificó que el nivel de motivación laboral de los colaboradores del área de ventas de la empresa en estudio es alto con un valor del 67%; mientras que el de productividad de los colaboradores de la empresa en estudio es medio, con un valor del 57%. Asimismo, se determinó una correlación positiva entre motivación laboral y productividad de los colaboradores del área de ventas de la distribuidora PMA, ya que se estableció a través del análisis correccional Rho de Spearman que la significancia o p valor es menor a 0.05 (p<0.05) y un coeficiente de correlación de 0.756, por lo que se pudo determinar que la variable independiente influye en la dependiente. Se concluyó que hay una relación entre las variables de estudio, por lo cual, se puede modificar el nivel de productividad gestionando la motivación laboral

Electrical, mechanical, and glass transition behavior of polycarbonate-based nanocomposites with different multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Five commercially available multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), with different characteristics, were melt mixed with polycarbonate (PC) in a twin-screw micro compounder to obtain nanocomposites containing 0.25-3.0 wt.% MWNT. The electrical properties of the composites were assessed using bulk electrical conductivity measurements, the mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated using tensile tests and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and the thermal properties of the composites were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Electrical percolation thresholds (pcs) were observed between 0.28 wt.% and 0.60 wt.%, which are comparable with other well-dispersed melt mixed materials. Based on measurements of diameter and length distributions of unprocessed tubes it was found that nanotubes with high aspect ratios exhibited lower pcs, although one sample did show higher pc than expected (based on aspect ratio) which was attributed to poorer dispersion achieved during mixing. The stress-strain behavior of the composites is only slightly altered with CNT addition; however, the strain at break is decreased even at low loadings. DMA tests suggest the formation of a combined polymer-CNT continuous network evidenced by measurable storage moduli at temperatures above the glass transition temperature (T g), consistent with a mild reinforcement effect. The composites showed lower glass transition temperatures than that of pure PC. Lowering of the height of the tanδ peak from DMA and reductions in the heat capacity change at the glass transition from DSC indicate that MWNTs reduced the amount of polymer material that participates in the glass transition of the composites, consistent with immobilization of polymer at the nanotube interface. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Design of a hands-on course in networked control systems

This report presents a hands-on course in networked control systems (NCS) to be integrated in the education of embedded control systems engineers. The course activities have a strong practical component and most of them are ap- plied exercises to be implemented in a NCS setup. The report containts four parts: a) a report that describes the experimental setup, proposing several activities that can be shaped into a course program according to the needs and diverse background of the targeted audience, b) a tentative program ex- ample for master students, c) a user manual to help setting up the hardware and software from a Live CD, and d) a quick guide to start working with the programming environment.Preprin

Stator Fault Detection in Induction Motors by Autoregressive Modeling

This study introduces a novel methodology for early detection of stator short circuit faults in induction motors by using autoregressive (AR) model. The proposed algorithm is based on instantaneous space phasor (ISP) module of stator currents, which are mapped to α-β stator-fixed reference frame; then, the module is obtained, and the coefficients of the AR model for such module are estimated and evaluated by order selection criterion, which is used as fault signature. For comparative purposes, a spectral analysis of the ISP module by Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is performed; a comparison of both methodologies is obtained. To demonstrate the suitability of the proposed methodology for detecting and quantifying incipient short circuit stator faults, an induction motor was altered to induce different-degree fault scenarios during experimentation

Oceanic and terrestrial sources of continental precipitation

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2012. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Reviews of Geophysics 50 (2012): RG4003, doi:10.1029/2012RG000389.The most important sources of atmospheric moisture at the global scale are herein identified, both oceanic and terrestrial, and a characterization is made of how continental regions are influenced by water from different moisture source regions. The methods used to establish source-sink relationships of atmospheric water vapor are reviewed, and the advantages and caveats associated with each technique are discussed. The methods described include analytical and box models, numerical water vapor tracers, and physical water vapor tracers (isotopes). In particular, consideration is given to the wide range of recently developed Lagrangian techniques suitable both for evaluating the origin of water that falls during extreme precipitation events and for establishing climatologies of moisture source-sink relationships. As far as oceanic sources are concerned, the important role of the subtropical northern Atlantic Ocean provides moisture for precipitation to the largest continental area, extending from Mexico to parts of Eurasia, and even to the South American continent during the Northern Hemisphere winter. In contrast, the influence of the southern Indian Ocean and North Pacific Ocean sources extends only over smaller continental areas. The South Pacific and the Indian Ocean represent the principal source of moisture for both Australia and Indonesia. Some landmasses only receive moisture from the evaporation that occurs in the same hemisphere (e.g., northern Europe and eastern North America), while others receive moisture from both hemispheres with large seasonal variations (e.g., northern South America). The monsoonal regimes in India, tropical Africa, and North America are provided with moisture from a large number of regions, highlighting the complexities of the global patterns of precipitation. Some very important contributions are also seen from relatively small areas of ocean, such as the Mediterranean Basin (important for Europe and North Africa) and the Red Sea, which provides water for a large area between the Gulf of Guinea and Indochina (summer) and between the African Great Lakes and Asia (winter). The geographical regions of Eurasia, North and South America, and Africa, and also the internationally important basins of the Mississippi, Amazon, Congo, and Yangtze Rivers, are also considered, as is the importance of terrestrial sources in monsoonal regimes. The role of atmospheric rivers, and particularly their relationship with extreme events, is discussed. Droughts can be caused by the reduced supply of water vapor from oceanic moisture source regions. Some of the implications of climate change for the hydrological cycle are also reviewed, including changes in water vapor concentrations, precipitation, soil moisture, and aridity. It is important to achieve a combined diagnosis of moisture sources using all available information, including stable water isotope measurements. A summary is given of the major research questions that remain unanswered, including (1) the lack of a full understanding of how moisture sources influence precipitation isotopes; (2) the stationarity of moisture sources over long periods; (3) the way in which possible changes in intensity (where evaporation exceeds precipitation to a greater of lesser degree), and the locations of the sources, (could) affect the distribution of continental precipitation in a changing climate; and (4) the role played by the main modes of climate variability, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation or the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, in the variability of the moisture source regions, as well as a full evaluation of the moisture transported by low-level jets and atmospheric rivers.Luis Gimeno would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and FEDER for their partial funding of this research through the project MSM. A. Stohl was supported by the Norwegian Research Council within the framework of the WATER‐SIP project. The work of Ricardo Trigo was partially supported by the FCT (Portugal) through the ENAC project (PTDC/AAC-CLI/103567/2008).2013-05-0

La Minería de Datos Aplicada a las bases de Datos de Cáncer Invasivo de Cuello Uterino

En este libro se presentan los resultados del proyecto de investigación que tuvo como objetivo detectar patrones de supervivencia de las mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer invasivo de cuello uterino utilizando técnicas de Minería de Datos, a partir de la información reportada en el Registro Poblacional de Cáncer del municipio de Pasto (Colombia). Aplicando como metodología las diferentes etapas del proceso de descubrimiento de conocimiento en bases de datos, se construyó, limpió y transformó un repositorio de datos con la información de las mujeres que fueron diagnosticadas con cáncer invasivo de cuello uterino entre los años 1998 y 2007. Se utilizaron las tareas de minería de datos clasificación, asociación y agrupación para detectar diferentes patrones de supervivencia de estas mujeres a cinco años. Se encontró un patrón general que asocia el tiempo de supervivencia a cinco años con el número de meses de vida de la mujer transcurridos a partir del diagnóstico del cáncer invasivo de cuello uterino. Se detectaron además patrones que asocian factores socioeconómicos y clínicos a la supervivencia de este grupo poblacional. Se espera que el conocimiento descubierto se incorpore al existente sobre la supervivencia de mujeres con cáncer de cuello uterino en el municipio de Pasto y ayude a la toma de decisiones de los organismos gubernamentales y privados del sector salud en lo relacionado con el planteamiento de programas de prevención y control de las mujeres con este tipo de cáncer

Relationship between the psychosocial impact and the self-perception of aesthetics in adults who attend a medical center, Arequipa 2021

En la presente investigación se concretó como objetivo, determinar la relación entre el impacto psicosocial y la autopercepción de la estética dental en adultos que acuden a un centro médico, Arequipa 2021. El análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo mediante la estadística descriptiva y la estadística inferencial a través de la prueba Chi Cuadrado de Pearson. Entre los resultados se evidenció que el 99,2% de los adultos presentó un bajo impacto de la estética dental y tan solo el 0,8% presentó un alto impacto; además el 85,8% de adultos presentó una baja autopercepción de la estética dental, el 13,3% presentó una moderada autopercepción y el 0,8% una alta autopercepción. El estudio concluyó en que no existe relación entre el impacto psicosocial y la autopercepción de la estética dentalThe objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between the psychosocial impact and the self-perception of dental esthetics in adults who attend a medical center, Arequipa 2021. The analysis of the data was carried out using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics through Pearson's Chi-square test. The results showed that 99.2% of the adults presented a low impact of dental esthetics and only 0.8% presented a high impact; in addition 85.8% of adults presented a low self-perception of dental esthetics, 13.3% presented a moderate self-perception and 0.8% a high self-perception. The study concluded that there was no relationship between psychosocial impact and self-perception of dental esthetic