Effects of enriched artemia on growth and survival of juvenile freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Esch. 1823)

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of artemia enriched with lipid emulsions containing highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and survival of juvenile freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus. Juvenile crayfish were fed artemia enriched with commercial emulsions (red pepper and olio ω3) and un-enriched artemia (control). The highest eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level was found in artemia enriched with olio ω3 (3.17%) and the highest docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) level was found in artemia enriched with red pepper (3.56%). The weight gain, specific growth, and survival rates of juvenile crayfish increased with increasing amount of EPA and DHA in dietary artemia respectively (0.04%, 2.32%). Finally, the juveniles fed with artemia enriched with olio ω3 and red pepper had a better weight gain, specific growth rate, and survival than those fed with un-enriched artemia (p<0.05)

Perinatal and neonatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancies over a 10-year period

Objectives: Poor overall neonatal outcomes, small neonatal head circumference, neonatal hypoglycemia, need for Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and late-onset neonatal sepsis are more common in adolescents. The aim of this study is to draw attention to the outcomes of adolescent pregnancies. Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted in adolescent singleton pregnancies with maternal age &lt; 15 years (n = 20, group 1), 16–19 years (n = 1929, group 2), and 20 years (n = 866, group 3). Age, gravidity, parity, and body mass index (BMI) measurements of mothers; mode of delivery, maternal and neonatal outcomes were evaluated and compared. Results: The rate of preterm birth, postpartum hemorrhage, asymmetrical intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR, as 3% percentile), macrosomia, and height of newborn of Group 3 was significantly higher. The rate of asymmetrical IUGR (as 10% percentile) was significantly lower in Group 3. The rate of severe preeclampsia and cesarean section was significantly higher in Group 3. The rate of Small for Gestational Age newborn, neonatal hypoglycemia, and late-onset neonatal sepsis was significantly higher in Group 1. Conclusions: Neonatal problems with poor obstetric outcomes are common in adolescent pregnant women, so that a family planning and baby care social trainings are important in achieving good long-term maternal and neonatal outcomes

Rational drug use in elderly patients in a primary care center

Objective: The objective of the research was to examine and evaluate rational drug uses of patients over 65 years of age referring to Primary Care Center. Methods: A questionnaire on the drug usage habits of elder patients prepared by making literature scanning and taking expert view was applied in the study to the participants accepting to join the study among patients over 65 years of age applying to Family Health Center. Results: A total of 291 patients including 127 males (43.6%) and 164 females (56.4%) over 65 years of age were included in the study. Mean age of the participants was found 72.76. Leftover drug keeping ratio of the participants at home was found as 53.3% (n=155). When unprescribed drug usage conditions of the participants were questioned, 60.8% (n=177) stated that they didn't use unprescribed drugs. Conclusions: Polypharmacy is an important health problem for elder individuals with the lengthening of average duration of life and increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases. Drug use for a wrong time and dose may cause conditions such as the lack of the effect which should be provided by the drugs, or occur more than expected or unexpected drug-nutrient interactions. Primary care physicians have an important role in disease and health phases of elder patients. Keywords: Aging, Drug therapy, Drug misuse, Continuous..

Knowledge levels of physicians in samsun about Patients' rights

The patient-physician relationship is an issue that includes mutual rights in medical ethics. Patient rights is one of the sub-topics of human rights that has defined and developed in the last century. In this study, it was aimed to measure the knowledge level of physicians in Samsun province about patient rights. The study is a descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical study with a prospective survey prepared by literature review to measure the knowledge level of physicians about patient rights in Samsun. The data measurement tool includes questions measuring demographic data and knowledge level and was filled with face-to-face interviews with physicians who agreed to participate in the study. SPSS package program was used in the analysis of the data. The study was conducted with 287 physicians. 49.5% of the participants in the study reported that they received training on patient rights. It has been observed that general practitioners are more knowledgeable about patient rights. Physicians at the highest rate (98.3%) stated that In health institutions, it is necessary to provide all kinds of hygienic conditions befitting human dignity, and to eliminate noise and all other disturbing factors. The medical and social benefits expected from medical research may be prioritized over the life and bodily integrity of the volunteer who consents to the research was the most negatively reported situation (13.6%). Physicians working in Samsun have a high level of awareness and perception of patient rights. Female doctors are more sensitive than male doctors in approaching patients within the framework of the principles of justice and equity, protecting privacy in case of death and hiding the diagnosis of the disease according to the psychological structure of the patient. [Med-Science 2022; 11(1.000): 233-8

A Rare Cause of Hypercalcemia: Immobilization A Case Report and Literature Review

Immobilization hypercalcemia (IH) mainly results from rapid bone turnover and may be seen after spinal cord injury or long bone fracture in particular in children and adolescents. The pathophysiology of this entity is entirely unknown. A-19 year-old, male quadriplegic adolescent was referred to our outpatient clinic by a family physician. At presentation he had some vague symptoms due to hypercalcemia including fatigue, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation and dehydration. Laboratory investigations for hypercalcemia revealed low intact parathyroid hormone level, low 25-0H vitamin D, and high 24-hour urine calcium. He was diagnosed as having IH after all other causes of hypercalcemia were excluded. The pathophysiology of IH remains unclear. Treatment is directed towards lowering the serum calcium level. Up to date, intravenous hydration with isotonic saline, furosemide and salmon calcitonin have been the conventional therapies. Other treatment options include bisposphonates (such as etidronate, zoledronate or pamidronate) or, an inhibitor of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), denosumab. IH is a rare cause of hypercalcemia. Physicians should be aware of this condition when seeing patients with restricted physical activity. [Med-Science 2015; 4(3.000): 2521-7

Cytoplasmic Pattern Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (cANCA)-positive Cutaneous Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Induced by Propylthiouracil: A Case Report

Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a medication commonly used to treat hyperthyroidism, but it has various rare side effects such as anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)- associated vasculitis (AAV). In the last decades, multiple cases of PTU-induced AAV have been reported, some being fatal. While AAV is primarily related to perinuclear-staining ANCA/anti-myeloperoxidase (pANCA/anti-MPO), it can occur to a lesser extent in association with cytoplasmic staining ANCA/ proteinase 3 (cANCA/PR3). A case is presented of a 62-year-old female with a history of hyperthyroidism due to toxic multinodular goiter treated with a standard dose of PTU. Approximately 3 years after starting therapy, she noticed formation of skin ulcerations on both of her ear lobes, nose and bilateral limbs. Detailed hospital work-up detected cANCA positivity. Biopsy of the affected skin revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis and additional tests excluded systemic vasculitis. The patient was diagnosed as PTU-induced vasculitis, a form of drug-induced vasculitis. Although clinical manifestations improved slightly after total thyroidectomy, the patient could not be saved because of the fulminant course of infected and disseminated skin ulcers. Conclusion: PTU is one of the causes of AAV. However, the presence of cANCA positivity when pANCA is negative in PTU-induced AAV is extremely rare. Here, we present a rather unusual case of PTU-induced AAV associated with cANCA. [Med-Science 2016; 5(2.000): 645-54

Ultrasound Guided-Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules: 18 Months Retrospective Review of One Center Experience

The objective of this study is to elucidate the use of ultrasonography guided fine-needle aspiration biopsies (UG-FNAB) in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. The study population consisted of 790 UG-FNAB in 719 patients whom were admitted to the our endocrinology clinic. The cytological results were classified as benign, follicular lesion or suspicious for malignancy, malignant and non-diagnostic. The results of 790 UG-FNAB of 719 patients were as follows: 567 (71.77%) benign, 97 (12.28%) non-diagnostic cytology, 43 (5.44%) atypia with undetermined significance, 81 (10.25%) follicular lesion or suspicious for malignancy, 2 (0.25%) malignant. In our study, thyroid carcinoma rate was found to be lower than current literature. Of the malignant nodules which were reported as papillary thyroid carcinoma by UG-FNAB cytology, both were female, euthyroid and have single nodule in their thyroid gland. One of the patient (39 years old) had a micro nodule (&lt; 1 cm in diameter) that it had an isoechoic pattern with regular margin on thyroid ultrasonography; whereas the other one (79 years old) had macro nodule (&gt;1 cm diameter) that it had, hypoechoic pattern with irregular margin. None of them have calcifications in their nodules. Multidisciplinary approach including endocrinologists, radiologists and pathologists is essential for the management of patients with thyroid nodules to avoid missestimation of the risk of thyroid cancer. [Med-Science 2014; 3(2.000): 1249-61

Smoking behavior and attitudes of patient’s relatives in the pediatric emergency rooms- a multi-center study

It was aimed to investigate the smoking behavior and attitudes of the relatives of the children in the ERs to determine whether current experience had any impact on the desire to quit. This study conducted with 300 patient relatives who applied to the pediatric ER of three hospitals in different cities between June 2019 and June 2020. Apart from the demographic data, a questionnaire consists of 18 questions were applied regarding participants’ past and current ER experiences and smoking behaviors. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 (IBM, USA) software package. It was determined that many (47.3%) spent more than 4 hours in the vicinity of ERs. Most of the individuals (58.0%) had waited 3 or more times in the ER previously. Besides, 59.3% had the idea of quitting smoking as they saw the patients in the ER, and while in the hospital, 44.0% wanted to have smoking cessation treatment. The average number of cigarettes smoked per hour in daily life was 0.61 ± 0.52 (excluding sleep time), but during the waiting period, this figures went up considerably to 4.32 ± 5.28/ hour (p <0.001). The rate of those who consumed more than 20 cigarettes was higher in those who waited 5 or more times in the ERs previously (p = 0.025). Patient relatives who were interviewed in the pediatric ER smoked more frequently. There is a need for smoking cessation clinics that can be integrated into the ER