Self-Efficacy Beliefs Of Prospective Primary Mathematics Teachers About Mathematical Literacy

The aim of this study was to examine the self-efficacy beliefs about mathematical literacy among teachers of primary school mathematics and the relationship between the self-efficacy beliefs and attitudes towards mathematics. To that end, a descriptive research study was conducted with 550 prospective teachers studying primary school mathematics and teaching at three Turkish universities in three different cities. We obtained data through use of the Mathematical Literacy Self-efficacy Scale and a Scale Measuring Attitude towards Mathematics. The self-efficacy beliefs of prospective teachers about mathematical literacy were compared according to their gender, the grade level(s) they were being trained to teach, and the university they attended. Additionally, the relationship between the self-efficacy beliefs of the prospective teachers about mathematical literacy and their attitudes towards mathematics were examined. We also examined whether attitude is a predictor of self-efficacy beliefs. Based on the research findings, we determined that the self-efficacy beliefs of prospective teachers about mathematical literacy were high and these beliefs did not change according to gender, the grade level(s) they were being trained to teach, or the university they attended. Further, the results of the study revealed a significantly low relationship between the self-efficacy beliefs and attitudes of prospective teachers towards mathematics. The findings of this study indicate that prospective teachers’ attitudes towards mathematics are an important predictor of self-efficacy beliefs about mathematical literacy

Genotoxicity of a synthetic plant growth regulator, Forchlorfenuron (CPPU), on human lymphocytes using chromosome aberration assay

Forchlorfenuron (FCF, also known as CPPU), which belongs to the group of phenylurea cytokinins, is one of the most widely used synthetic plant growth regulators (PGRs) worldwide. Although FCF plays a crucial role in cellular growth and differentiation by promoting cell division in plants, it disrupts higher-order septin assembly in other eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Despite its widespread use, no study has been found investigating the genotoxic effects of this synthetic PGR on humans. Hence, this investigation was designed to examine the potential cyto-genotoxicity of a commercial formulation of FCF on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) using chromosome aberrations (CAs) and mitotic index (MI) endpoints. The whole blood cultures were treated with 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 2.00 µg/ml concentrations of a commercial form of FCF. According to the results, FCF significantly enhanced the percentage of cells containing structural CAs at the concentrations of 1.00 and 2.00 µg/ml for both treatment times (24 and 48 h), in comparison to the negative control (P<0.05). Besides, in cultures exposed to FCF concentrations of 0.50, 1.00, and 2.00 µg/ml, the total CA/cell ratio was significantly higher (P<0.05). In addition, FCF was found to have cytotoxic activity on human PBLs at all treatments (except for the lowest concentration at 24 h) by significantly reducing the MI compared to the negative control (P<0.05). The findings of this investigation indicate the first time that a commercial formulation of FCF (0.50-2.00 µg/ml) may have genotoxic and cytotoxic potential on human lymphocytes

Yalova İ linde Farkl ı Özelliklerdeki Seralar İçin Is ıtma Gereksinimlerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu çal ışmada, ülkemizin en yoğ un seracı l ı k bölgelerinden biri olan Yalova ilinde yayg ı n olarak görülen, 30 adet farkl ı boyut ve malzeme özelliklerine sahip seran ı n ı s ı tma gereksinimleri hesaplanm ışt ı r. Elde edilen sonuçlar grafiksel olarak değerlendirilmi ştir. Çal ışmada sera hacmine göre havaland ı rma yolu ile olu şan ı s ı kayb ı , sera örtü alan ı na göre kondüksiyon yolu ile olu şan ı s ı kayb ı ve sera taban alan ı na göre olu şan toplam ı s ı açığı aras ı nda doğrusal bir ilişki bulunduğ u belirlenmiştir. Havaland ı rma yoluyla olu şan ı s ı kayı plar ı , sera hacmindeki art ışa bağ l ı olarak % 10 - 17 oran ı nda azalma göstermi ştir. Kondüksiyon yoluyla olu şan ı s ı kay ı pları , örtü alan ı n ı n artmas ı ile cam seralarda %1 , plastik seralarda ise tek katl ı PE örtü malzemesinin kullan ı lmas ı durumunda çift katl ı PE malzemesine göre % 32 oran ı nda art ış göstermi ştir. Seralar ı n 1 m 2taban alan ı ndan kaybolan toplam ı s ı miktarları ise hacim art ışı na ve örtü malzemesinin cinsine göre cam seralarda % 1 - 2, plastik seralarda % 1 - 6 oran ı nda artmaktad ı r

ÜST JURA DENİZEL FASİYESLERİNDE İZ ELEMENT BİRİKİMLERİNDE ORGANİK MADDE İÇERİĞİNİN ROLÜ (ORTA TOROSLAR, TÜRKİYE)

In Late Jurassic which is a period that the global sea rising occurred in the world, important source rocks for oil beds had been occurred as a result of anoxic events. In Middle Taurus region Akkuyu formation which also is deposited during this period, consists of marine carbonates enriched in organic matter. While enough organic matter is % 0.3 for source rock potential of marine limestones, value average of Akkuyu formation is 1.92 that is more than 6.4 times. In this study an obvious relation was determined between organic matter enrichment and element, whereas there is no direct relation between elements enrichments and lithology of the rock. U, Ba, Cu, Ni, Cr, As, V, Zn, Sb, Co, Mo and Cd are accumulated in carbonates rocks enriched in organic matter of Upper Jurassic Akkuyu Formation more than in shale samples enriched in organic matter. For example, Cd is accumulated 14 times in comparison with the Black Sea sapropels; 3 times for Co to Peru Margin samples; 7.22 times for Zn to Namibian shelf black shale, 3.89 to Black Sea sapropels; 2.11 times for V to Namibian shelf black shale; 3.47 times for Cr to Black Sea sapropels; 2.81 times for Ni to Namibian shelf black shale; 2.06 times for U to Cenomanian-Turonian black shale.Geç Jura zamanı Dünya ölçeğinde global deniz yükselmelerinin olduğu bir devir olup, bu zaman dilimi içerisinde gelişen anoksik olaylar neticesinde önemli kaynak kaya birikimleri gerçekleşmiştir. Orta Toroslar bölgesinde Akkuyu Formasyonu da bu dönem içerisinde çökelmiş olup, organik maddece zengin denizel karbonatlardan oluşur. Denizel kireçtaşlarının kaynak kaya potansiyeline sahip olabilmesi için organik madde miktarı 0.3 iken, Üst Jura Akkuyu Formasyonundaki bu değer ortalama 1.92 olup, 6.4 kez daha fazla organik maddeye sahiptir. Bu çalışmada kayaçlardaki organik madde zenginleşmesiyle elementler arasında çok açık bir ilişkinin var olduğu belirlenmiş olup, element zenginleşmeleriyle kayaçların litolojisi arasında doğrudan bir ilişki bulunmamaktadır. U, Ba, Cu, Ni, Cr, As, V, Zn, Sb, Co, Mo ve Cd elementleri organik maddece zengin Üst Jura Akkuyu Formasyonuna ait karbonat kayaç örneklerinde, organik maddece zengin şeyl örneklerine kıyasla daha fazla biriktirilmişlerdir. Örneğin Cd elementi Karadeniz sapropellerine kıyasla 14 kez, Co Peru kıyısal şelfi örneklerine göre 3 kez, Zn Namibya şelfi siyah şeyllerine göre 7.22 kez, Karadeniz sapropellerine göre 3.89 kez, V Namibya şelfi siyah şeyllerine göre 2.11 kez, Cr Karadeniz sapropellerine göre 3.47 kez, Ni Namibya şelfi siyah şeyllerine göre 2.81 kez, U elementi ise Senomaniyen-Turoniyen Gubbio siyah şeyllerine göre 2.06 kez daha fazla biriktirilmiştir

Saving Cognitions Inventory: Turkish Form, Validity and Reliability Study

Biriktirme Bilişleri Envanteri (BBE), Steketee ve arkadaşları (2003) tarafından biriktiricilik bozukluğunun bilişsel süreçlerini değerlendirmek amacıyla geliştirilmiştir. Bu bilişsel süreçlerin biriktiricilik bozukluğunun etiyolojsinde temel teşkil eden faktörlerden olduğu düşünülmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, BBE’nin Türkçe’ye adaptasyonunun, geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerinin yapılmasıdır. Çalışmaya 18-59 yaş aralığında iki ayrı yetişkin örneklem grubunun bulunduğu toplam 719 kişi katılmıştır. Birinci örneklemin yaş ortalaması 21,60 (S = 4,07) olan 252 katılımcı ve ikinci örneklemin yaş ortalaması 24,31 (S = 6,51) olan 467 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılardan Melbourne Karar Verme Ölçeği, Obsesif İnanışlar Ölçeği – 44, Biriktirme Envanteri – Gözden Geçirilmiş Formu ve Nesneye Bağlanma Ölçeği’nden oluşan bir dizi ölçek doldurmaları istenmiştir. Uygulanan açımlayıcı faktör analizi ile ölçeğin faktör analizi incelenerek duygusal bağlanma, hafıza, kontrol ve sorumluluk alt boyutlarını içeren dört faktörlü yapı desteklenmiştir. Orijinal formdan farklı faktör yapısında dağılan dört madde bulunmaktadır. Bu maddeler yeni faktör yüklerinde kalarak yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde model uyum indekslerinin yeterli düzeyde yer alması sebebiyle yeni model kabul edilmiştir. Envanterin Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı .91 ve iki yarım test güvenirliği .84 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Test tekrar test güvenirlik katsayısı .77 olarak bulgulanmıştır. Böylelikle, envanterin güvenirlik değerleri orijinal formla kıyaslanabilir şekildedir. Ayrıca, biriktirme bilişlerinin toplam ve alt boyut puanlarının obsesif inanışlar, nesneye bağlanma ve biriktiricilik davranışı puanlarıyla pozitif ilişki göstermesi eş zaman geçerliğini desteklemektedir. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda BBE Türkçe formu geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olarak değerlendirilmiştir.Saving Cognitions Inventory (SCI) was developed by Steketee and her colleagues (2003) to evaluate cognitive processes of Hoarding Disorder. These cognitive processes are emphasized as major contributors to the etiology of the Hoarding Disorder. The aim of the study was to adapt Turkish version of SCI and evaluate its validity and reliability. The study consisted of two separate adult sample groups including a total of 719 people whose age ranged 18-59. The first sample consisted of 252 participants with a mean age of 21.60 (SD = 4.07) and the second sample consisted of 467 participants with a mean age of 24.31 (SD = 6.51) Participants were asked to fill a battery of questionnaires including Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, The Obsessive Belief Questionnaire – 44, Saving Inventory – Revised and The Object Attachment Questionnaire. The factor structure was examined by exploratory factor analysis and the results supported the four-factor structure including emotional attachment, memory, control and responsibility domains. Four items were distributed in a different factor structure than the original form. These items were remained under the new factor loadings and the model was tested with a confirmatory factor analysis. As a result, the validity indices of the Turkish form were found to be sufficient levels. The internal consistency coefficient Cronbach’s Alpha was calculated as .91 and split-half reliability was calculated as .84. Test-retest correlation coefficient was found to be .77. The reliability coefficients of the inventory demonstrated comparable values to its original form. Furthermore, promoting concurrent validity total and sub-total scores of saving cognitions inventory were positively correlated with obsessive beliefs, object attachment and saving behavior. In the current study, SCI Turkish form, was evaluated to be a valid and reliable psychometric tool

Clinical Study Comparison of Efficiencies of Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, Neurothesiometer, and Electromyography for Diagnosis of Diabetic Neuropathy

Aim. This study compares the effectiveness of Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), neurothesiometer, and electromyography (EMG) in detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with diabetes type 2. Materials and Methods. 106 patients with diabetes type 2 treated at the outpatient clinic of Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital Department of Endocrinology between September 2008 and May 2009 were included in this study. Patients were evaluated by glycemic regulation tests, MNSI (questionnaire and physical examination), EMG (for detecting sensorial and motor defects in right median, ulnar, posterior tibial, and bilateral sural nerves), and neurothesiometer (for detecting alterations in cold and warm sensations as well as vibratory sensations). Results. According to the MNSI score, there was diabetic peripheral neuropathy in 34 (32.1%) patients (score ≥2.5). However, when the patients were evaluated by EMG and neurothesiometer, neurological impairments were detected in 49 (46.2%) and 79 (74.5%) patients, respectively. Conclusion. According to our findings, questionnaires and physical examination often present lower diabetic peripheral neuropathy prevalence. Hence, we recommend that in the evaluation of diabetic patients neurological tests should be used for more accurate results and thus early treatment options to prevent neuropathic complications

Single Centre Experience: Bening and Malign Hematological Patients with COVID-19

Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were declared as pandemic by World Health Organization. With this study, we aimed to define our patients who were followed up with malign or benign hematological diagnoses and diagnosed with COVID-19; determine the distribution of this infection in patient groups and contribute to the literature by creating descriptive statistics with its clinical and demographic features. Patients and methods: It is planned to retrospectively examine patients with a history of COVID-19 who were followed up in Hematology Department of Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital with benign and malignant diagnoses. Results: 88 patients who had COVID-19 infection while being followed in our clinic due to hematological diseases were included in the study. 77 patients had been followed by hematologic malignancies and 11 patients had been followed by benign hematological disease.In the group with malignancy, COVID was found most frequently in patients diagnosed with Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (22%), nonhodgkin lymphoma (19%) and multiple myeloma (16%). ITP (64%) was the most common disease in patients with benign hematological disorder who had COVID history. 52 (67%) of the malignant cases and 8 (73%) of the bening cases were found to be followed up with the disease in remission. The all patient's most common symptoms at COVID-19 diagnosis were fever (77%), cough (70%) and weakness (65%). 45% of the patients were isolated at home, 48% were required hospitalization. 49% of patients had mild; 27% had moderate and 24% had severe COVID-19 infection. Almost all of the patients in the moderate and severe disease group were followed up in patients diagnosed with malignant hematological disease. 16 (18%) patients received mechanical ventilation and 16 (18%) patients was transferred intensive care unit. All of the patients who were intubated and needed intensive care were diagnosed with malignant hematological disease. 17 patients died due to COVID-19 infection. The mortality rate was 22% in patients with diagnosis of malignant hematological diseases, and 19% when all patients (malignant and bening) were included. Conclusion: In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic is a problem all over the world. Determining the course of the disease in certain diagnostic groups is important in the management of both the main disease and the COVID-19 infection. Therefore, the contribution of such recording studies to the literature is important and valuable

The genetic history of the Southern Arc: a bridge between West Asia and Europe

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra–West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations. This contrasts with all other regions where Indo-European languages were spoken, suggesting that the homeland of the Indo-Anatolian language family was in West Asia, with only secondary dispersals of non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans from the steppe

Çoklu zeka etkinliklerinin İngilizce öğrencilerinin sözcük dağarcığı ve tutumları üzerindeki etkileri

Sözcük edinimi ikinci dil sınıflarındaki temel görevlerden biridir. Birçok dil öğretmeni sözcük edinimini öğretimlerinin başlıca parçası yapmaları gerektiğinin farkındadırlar. İngiliz dili öğretimi sınıflarındaki sözcük öğretiminin öneminin artması ve bu süreçte karşılaşılan sorunlar bu doktora tezini şekillendirmiştir. Araştırmacının ana hedefi Gardner'ın zeki olmak için birden çok yol olduğunu ve bir kişinin bunların çoğuna sahip olduğunu savunan Çoklu Zeka Kuramı'nı kullanarak İngilizce sınıflarında sözcük öğretiminde daha iyi bir yol önermektir. Böylece, çoklu zeka etkinliklerinin başarı ve kalıcılık üzerine etkisi bu çalışmanın temelini oluşturmuştur. Çoklu zeka etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin İngilizce'ye yönelik tutumunu etkileyip etkilemediği bu araştırmanın cevaplamaya çalıştığı ikinci soruydu. Bu çalışmada ayrıca örneklemdeki öğrencilerin zeka profilleri belirlenmiştir._x000B_Çoklu zeka etkinliklerinin başarı, hatırlanma oranı ve tutum üzerindeki etkisini ölçmek için ön-test, son test ve geciktirilmiş son test ile deneysel bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın örneklemi Söke Cumhuriyet Anadolu Lisesi'nde 2007-2008 akademik yılının bahar yarıyılında 10. sınıfta okumakta olan öğrenciler oluşturmuştur. Bu öğrenciler bir önceki akademik yılda hafta on saat İngilizce dersi görmüşlerdi. Çalışmanın yürütüldüğü yılda ise haftada dört saat İngilizce dersleri vardı. Eğitimsel uygulama zamanında öğrenciler ikinci dönemin başındaydılar. Katılımcıların belirlenmesi için hedef seçilen dilbilimsel bileşenle ilgili çoktan seçmeli bir tanıma testi uygulandı. Kazanımdaki sözcükleri bildiği tespit edilen öğrenciler çalışmadan çıkartılacaktı. Ancak tanıma testinden hiçbir öğrenci 50'nin üzerinde puan almadığı için öğrenci sayısı 56 olarak kaldı. Bu öğrenciler deney ve kontrol gruplarını oluşturmak üzere ikiye bölündüler. Böylece, bu araştırmanın örneklemini Söke Cumhuriyet Anadolu Lisesi Türkçe-matematik bölümü onuncu sınıflarından iki şube oluşturmuştur. Kontrol ve deney grupları rastlantısal olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların yaşı 15-16 arasında değişmektedir. Deney grubunda çoklu zeka etkinlikleri sunumda, alıştırmada ve gerçekleştirme aşamalarında kullanılırken; öte yandan, kontrol grubunda hedef sözcükleri öğretmek için geleneksel yöntem kullanılmış ve sunum ile alıştırma aşamalarında kontrollü, gerçekleştirme aşamasında ise daha serbest etkinlikler kullanılmıştır. Her iki gruba da sekiz haftalık bir uygulama yapıldı._x000B_ Deney sonuçları çoklu zeka etkinliklerinin İngilizce sözcük dağarcığı başarısında ve hedef sözcüklerin hatırlanma oranında olumlu yönde anlamlı bir etkisi olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ancak çoklu zeka etkinliklerinin sözcüklerin hatırlanma oranı üzerinde olumlu yönde bir etkisi bulunmamaktadır. Araştırmanın ikinci önemli sorusu öğrencilerin İngilizce'ye yönelik tutumları ile deney ve kontrol grubunda kullanılan etkinlikler arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığı ile ilgilidir. Analizler her iki grupta da öğrencilerin İngilizceye yönelik tutumlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmayan bir düşüş olduğunu göstermiştir. Son olarak, örneklemdeki öğrencilerin baskın zeka türünün sözel-dilsel olduğu bulunmuştur. Deney ve kontrol grubundaki ikinci baskın zeka türü mantıksal-matematiksel zekadır. Çoklu zeka envanterindeki en düşük ortalama her iki grupta da kişilerarası zekaya aittir. The acquisition of vocabulary is one of the main tasks in second language classrooms. Many language teachers are aware of the necessity of making vocabulary a main part of their teaching. The growing importance of vocabulary teaching in English Language Teaching (ELT) classrooms and the problems encountered in this process shaped this dissertation. The central aim of the researcher was to offer a better way to teach vocabulary in ELT classes using Gardner?s Multiple Intelligences Theory (MIT), which suggests there are many ways to be intelligent and an individual has several of them. Therefore, the effects of multiple intelligences (MI) activities on vocabulary achievement and retention of the learnt items constituted the keystone of this study. Whether MI activities affect students? attitudes towards English was the second question this research intended to answer. This study also designated the intelligence profiles of the students in the sample group._x000B_In order to test the effect of MI activities on achievement, retention and attitudes, an experimental study with a pre, post-test and delayed post test was conducted. The subjects of the study were 10th grade students of Söke Cumhuriyet Anatolian High School in the Spring Term of 2007-2008 academic years. These students had taken 10 hours of English lessons per week in the previous academic year. In the year the study was carried out, they had 4 hours of English lessons in a week. At the time of this educational treatment they were in the beginnings of the second semester. The selection of the participants was determined on the basis of a multiple-choice recognition test of the chosen target linguistic component. The students who showed any sign of knowledge of the target vocabulary items would have been excluded from the study. However, since none of the students scored over 50 in the recognition test, the number of the students in the sample remained 56. These students were divided into two groups in order to form the control and experimental groups. Thus, the sample of this research was composed of the sophomores of two Turkish-Mathematics department classes in Söke Cumhuriyet Anatolian High School. The control and experimental groups were assigned randomly. The age of the subjects ranged between 15 and 16. In the experimental group MI activities were used in presentation, practice and production. On the other hand, in the control group traditional method was implemented and controlled activities in presentation and practice, and freer activities in production were used to teach target vocabulary items. Both of the groups had an eight-week-treatment period._x000B_ The outcome of the experiment reveals that MI activities have a significant positive effect on vocabulary achievement. However, MI activities do not have significantly more positive effects on the retention of the vocabulary items. The second primary research question is related to whether the students? attitudes towards English vary significantly in terms of the activities in the control and experimental groups. The analyses indicate in both groups there is a decrease in the students? attitudes towards English which is not statistically significant. Finally, it is found out that the most dominant intelligence type of the students in the sample group is verbal-linguistic. The second dominant type in both experimental and control groups is logical-mathematical intelligence. The lowest mean score in the multiple intelligence inventory belongs to interpersonal intelligence in both groups