Cassava genome from a wild ancestor to cultivated varieties

Cassava is a major tropical food crop in the Euphorbiaceae family that has high carbohydrate production potential and adaptability to diverse environments. Here we present the draft genome sequences of a wild ancestor and a domesticated variety of cassava and comparative analyses with a partial inbred line. We identify 1,584 and 1,678 gene models specific to the wild and domesticated varieties, respectively, and discover high heterozygosity and millions of single-nucleotide variations. Our analyses reveal that genes involved in photosynthesis, starch accumulation and abiotic stresses have been positively selected, whereas those involved in cell wall biosynthesis and secondary metabolism, including cyanogenic glucoside formation, have been negatively selected in the cultivated varieties, reflecting the result of natural selection and domestication. Differences in microRNA genes and retrotransposon regulation could partly explain an increased carbon flux towards starch accumulation and reduced cyanogenic glucoside accumulation in domesticated cassava. These results may contribute to genetic improvement of cassava through better understanding of its biology

On the Processing and Utilization of Cassava Food in China

Cassava is a vital food crop in the world, and its tuberous roots and leaves have abundant starch, proteins and flavonoids. We can develop multi-functional, multi-purpose cassava food. In China, the food-based processing and utilization of cassava roots and leaves started late in China, but the development is very promising, and the market has great potential. In this paper, we analyze the utilization of cassava roots and leaves in China, and point out the development direction of cassava food processing and utilization in the future, in order to provide a reference for the research and development of cassava processing and utilization technology

Management of Official Overseas Trips of Staff in Agri-scientific Research Institutions

Taking Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute (TCGRI) of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS) as an example, this paper discussed current situation of management of official overseas trips of staff in agric-scientific research institutions, analyzed existing problems, and finally came up with pertinent recommendations

Construction and Establishment of Sci-tech Platform for Agricultural Scientific Research Institutions ：A Case Study of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Taking Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute (TCGRI) of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS) as an example, this paper discussed current situation of construction of sci-tech platform, analyzed existing problems, and finally came up with pertinent recommendations

Current Situations of Competitive Scientific Research Projects for Agri-scientific Research Institutions: A Case Study of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

This paper collected and arranged competitive scientific research projects undertaken by Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences in 2003-2014. Through statistical analysis on quantity of projects, funded amount, age of person responsible, professional title of person responsible, academic degree of person responsible, research object, it discussed relevant characteristics and rules. Finally, it came up with pertinent measures and recommendations, in the hope of providing services for decision-making and scientific and technological management

Preliminary Study on Management of Agricultural Scientific Research Projects in the New Situation

Project management of agricultural scientific research institutions is an important section of agricultural scientific research plan management. It is of great significance for sustainable development of scientific research work of scientific research institutions. According to a series of opinions and notices about scientific and technological system reform issued by the state, and combining current situations of management of scientific research projects in scientific research institutions, this paper made a preliminary study on management of agricultural scientific research projects in the new trend. Finally, on the basis of the current situations of management of agricultural scientific research projects, it came up with pertinent recommendations, including strengthening communication and cooperation and actively declaring projects, strengthening preliminary planning of projects and establishing project information database, reinforcing project process management, ensuring on-time and high quality completion of projects, and strengthening learning and improving quality of management personnel