13 research outputs found
A moving least square immersed boundary method for SPH with thin-walled structures
This paper presents a novel method for smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH)
with thin-walled structures. Inspired by the direct forcing immersed boundary
method, this method employs a moving least square method to guarantee the
smoothness of velocity near the structure surface. It simplifies thin-walled
structure simulations by eliminating the need for multiple layers of boundary
particles, and improves computational accuracy and stability in
three-dimensional scenarios. Supportive three-dimensional numerical results are
provided, including the impulsively started plate and the flow past a cylinder.
Results of the impulsively started test demonstrate that the proposed method
obtains smooth velocity and pressure in the, as well as a good match to the
references results of the vortex wake development. In addition, results of the
flow past cylinder test show that the proposed method avoids mutual
interference on both side of the boundary, remains stable for three-dimensional
simulations while accurately calculating the forces acting on structure.Comment: 15 pages,11 figure
Input files for LBM-DEM simulation of immersed granular collapse
The input files for the case D-VB. The files with the name started with "in" are input files for LIGGGHTS (https://github.com/CFDEMproject/LIGGGHTS-PUBLIC) and the C++ file is the input file for Palabos (http://www.palabos.org/). The input files are called in the following sequence:
1. in.cloud - generate the particles
2. in.rain - create a granular column by turning on the gravity
3. in.trim - trim the particles so that the aspect ratio is 0.8
4. damBreakImmersed.cpp - solve fluid filed using LBM
5. in.immerse - immersed the granular column
6. in.cycle - called by "damBreakImmersed.cpp" to advance the DEM simulation
Other cases with different column sizes and packing densities can be simulated by the same input files with adjustments on the geometry and friction coefficients during sample preparation
High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor Based on Nanoarchitectured Polyaniline/Graphene/Carbon Nanotube and Activated Graphene Electrodes
Hierarchical sulfonated graphene
nanosheet/carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube/polyaniline (sGNS/cMWCNT/PANI)
nanocomposites were synthesized through an interfacial polymerization
method. Activated porous graphene (aGNS) was prepared by combining
chemical foaming, thermal reduction, and KOH activation. Furthermore,
we have successfully fabricated an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC)
using sGNS/cMWCNT/PANI and aGNS as the positive and negative electrodes,
respectively. Because of its unique structure, high capacitive performance,
and complementary potential window, the ASC device can be cycled reversibly
at a cell voltage of 1.6 V in a 1 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> aqueous
electrolyte, delivering a high energy density of 20.5 Wh kg<sup>ā1</sup> at a power density of 25 kW kg<sup>ā1</sup>. Moreover, the
ASC device also exhibits a superior long cycle life with 91% retention
of the initial specific capacitance after 5000 cycles
A Novel Flexible Supercapacitor Based on Cross-Linked PVDF-HFP Porous Organogel Electrolyte and Carbon Nanotube Paper@Ļ-Conjugated Polymer Film Electrodes
High energy density and safety are the goals in the pursuit of
flexible energy storage devices. Herein, we report a novel flexible
supercapacitor (SC) fabricated with a cross-linked polyĀ(vinylidene
fluoride-<i>co</i>-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) porous
organogel electrolyte and carbon nanotube paper@polyĀ(1,5-diaminoanthraquinone)
(CNT@PDAA) film electrodes. The PVDF-HFP/tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate-acetonitrile
(Et<sub>4</sub>NBF<sub>4</sub>-AN) organogel electrolyte, featured
with a highly porous structure and chemical cross-linking, exhibits
nonflammability, a broad electrochemical stable window, and high ionic
conductivity of 14.4 Ć 10<sup>ā3</sup> S cm<sup>ā1</sup>, as well as improved solvent resistance. The CNT@PDAA electrode
displays good pseudocapacitive performance in a broad potential window
due to p- and n-doping characteristics. Because of this rational design,
the as-prepared flexible SC device achieves an excellent volumetric
capacitance of 5.2 F cm<sup>ā3</sup> and a high energy density
of 5.16 mWh cm<sup>ā3</sup> (41.4 Wh kg<sup>ā1</sup>) at a power density of 0.051 W cm<sup>ā3</sup> (0.41 kW kg<sup>ā1</sup>). More importantly, a unit of as-assembled SC is
shown to drive a commercially available product even in a bent state
High energy-density organic supercapacitors based on optimum matching between GNS/aMWCNT@polyaniline nanocone arrays cathode and GNS/aMWCNT@poly(1,5-diaminoanthraquinone) nanoparticles anode
Nowadays, high energy density is greatly imperative for supercapacitor technologies, which focus on both high-performance electrodes and assembling techniques. Here, we synthesized a promising cathode of graphene/acid-treated carbon nanotubes (GNS/aMWCNT)-supported polyaniline nanocone arrays by an interfacial polymerization, which achieves high specific capacitance of 299Ā FĀ gā1 in 1Ā M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate-acetonitrile (Et4NBF4-AN) with the potential window of ā0.6 to 0.8Ā V (vs. Ag/Ag+). Matching it with GNS/aMWCNT-supported poly(1,5-diaminoanthraquinone) nanoparticles anode, the organic asymmetric supercapacitors (oASCs) are perfectly fabricated. The oASC with anode/cathode mass ratio of 1/1 delivers the highest energy density of 96.9Ā WhĀ kgā1, excellent rate capability (retain 65.6Ā WhĀ kgā1 even at 65.7Ā kWĀ kgā1) and superior cycling stability (94.2% retention after 5000 cycles), which is superior or comparable to other Ļ-conjugated polymers-based organic supercapacitors. Ā© 2017 Elsevier B.V.China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; 51173042, NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of China; 51673064, NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51673064, 51173042]; Shanghai Municipality Research Project [15520720500]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M601502]; International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China [2016YFE0131200
LINC00330/CCL2 axis-mediated ESCC TAM reprogramming affects tumor progression
Abstract Background Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly influence the progression, metastasis, and recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ESCC has been established, yet the role of lncRNAs in TAM reprogramming during ESCC progression remains largely unexplored. Methods ESCC TAM-related lncRNAs were identified by intersecting differentially expressed lncRNAs with immune-related lncRNAs and performing immune cell infiltration analysis. The expression profile and clinical relevance of LINC00330 were examined using the TCGA database and clinical samples. The LINC00330 overexpression and interference sequences were constructed to evaluate the effect of LINC00330 on ESCC progression. Single-cell sequencing data, CIBERSORTx, and GEPIA were utilized to analyze immune cell infiltration within the ESCC tumor microenvironment and to assess the correlation between LINC00330 and TAM infiltration. ESCC-macrophage coculture experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of LINC00330 on TAM reprogramming and its subsequent effect on ESCC progression. The interaction between LINC00330 and CāC motif ligand 2 (CCL2) was confirmed through transcriptomic sequencing, subcellular localization analysis, RNA pulldown, silver staining, RNA immunoprecipitation, and other experiments. Results LINC00330 is significantly downregulated in ESCC tissues and strongly associated with poor patient outcomes. Overexpression of LINC00330 inhibits ESCC progression, including proliferation, invasion, epithelialāmesenchymal transition, and tumorigenicity in vivo. LINC00330 promotes TAM reprogramming, and LINC00330-mediated TAM reprogramming inhibits ESCC progression. LINC00330 binds to the CCL2 protein and inhibits the expression of CCL2 and downstream signaling pathways. CCL2 is critical for LINC00330-mediated TAM reprogramming and ESCC progression. Conclusions LINC00330 inhibited ESCC progression by disrupting the CCL2/CCR2 axis and its downstream signaling pathways in an autocrine fashion; and by impeding CCL2-mediated TAM reprogramming in a paracrine manner. The new mechanism of TAM reprogramming mediated by the LINC00330/CCL2 axis may provide potential strategies for targeted and immunocombination therapies for patients with ESCC. Graphical Abstrac
Enhancing the Energy Density of Asymmetric Stretchable Supercapacitor Based on Wrinkled CNT@MnO<sub>2</sub> Cathode and CNT@polypyrrole Anode
With the advantages of high stickiness
and stretchability of the hydrogel electrolyte as well as the resilient
properties of film electrodes, the facile āprestrain-stick-releaseā
strategy can be utilized for the assembly of a stretchable supercapacitor.
Two major issues of concern are the relatively low mechanical strength
of the hydrogel electrolyte and the low energy density of the assembled
device. Herein, vinyl group grafted silica (CH<sub>2</sub>ī»CHīøSiO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles were used as a nanoparticle cross-linker for
polyacrylamide (PAAM), enhancing the tensile strength of 844 kPa at
the strain of 3400% for the KClīøCH<sub>2</sub>ī»CHīøSiO<sub>2</sub>/PAAM hydrogel electrolyte. Besides, carbon nanotube supported
polypyrrole (CNT@PPy) and manganese dioxide (CNT@MnO<sub>2</sub>)
film electrodes are prepared to assemble the stretchable asymmetric
CNT@MnO<sub>2</sub>//KClīøCH<sub>2</sub>ī»CHīøSiO<sub>2</sub>/PAAM//CNT@PPy supercapacitor, significantly enhancing the
potential window to 0ā2.0 V and achieving a high energy density
of 40 Wh kg<sup>ā1</sup> at the power density of 519 kW kg<sup>ā1</sup> with the strain of 100%, which is the best known
for the reported stretchable supercapacitors
Microgel-Enhanced Double Network Hydrogel Electrode with High Conductivity and Stability for Intrinsically Stretchable and Flexible All-Gel-State Supercapacitor
In
the present work, a new strategy is proposed to simultaneously enhance
the toughness and electrochemical performance of the hydrogel with
conductive microgel to form microgel-reinforced double network hydrogel.
In this hydrogel, the conductive microgel is cross-linked to form
the first network, which can dissipate energy to improve mechanical
performance and stabilize the conductive network to improve the electrochemical
performance. These hydrogels show excellent mechanical properties
and good conductivity. When these hydrogels are assembled to all-gel-state
intrinsically flexible and stretchable supercapacitor, they deliver
outstanding capacitance. The strategy put forward here can extend
the application scope of the hydrogel with multifunction
Microgel-Enhanced Double Network Hydrogel Electrode with High Conductivity and Stability for Intrinsically Stretchable and Flexible All-Gel-State Supercapacitor
In
the present work, a new strategy is proposed to simultaneously enhance
the toughness and electrochemical performance of the hydrogel with
conductive microgel to form microgel-reinforced double network hydrogel.
In this hydrogel, the conductive microgel is cross-linked to form
the first network, which can dissipate energy to improve mechanical
performance and stabilize the conductive network to improve the electrochemical
performance. These hydrogels show excellent mechanical properties
and good conductivity. When these hydrogels are assembled to all-gel-state
intrinsically flexible and stretchable supercapacitor, they deliver
outstanding capacitance. The strategy put forward here can extend
the application scope of the hydrogel with multifunction