Thermal optimization of a 3-D integrated circuit

In a 3-D integrated circuit the heat source distribution has a huge effect on the temperature distribution, so an optimal heat source distribution is needed. This paper gives a numerical approach to its thermal optimization, the result can be used for 3-D integrated circuit optimal design

4-(1-Cyclo­propyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro­quinolin-7-yl)piperazin-1-ium 2,4,5-tricarb­oxy­benzene-1-carboxyl­ate monohydrate

In the crystal of title compound, C16H19FN3O+·C10H5O8 −·H2O, the water mol­ecule and the ions are connected by inter­molecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking [centroid–centroid separation = 3.602 (1) Å] between the benzene ring and the pyridine ring, generating a three-dimensional supra­molecular structure

Vitreous Olink proteomics reveals inflammatory biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to identify inflammatory biomarkers in traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy (TPVR) patients and further validate the expression curve of particular biomarkers in the rabbit TPVR model.MethodsThe Olink Inflammation Panel was used to compare the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the vitreous of TPVR patients 7–14 days after open globe injury (OGI) (N = 19) and macular hole patients (N = 22), followed by correlation analysis between DEPs and clinical signs, protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis, and function enrichment analysis. A TPVR rabbit model was established and expression levels of candidate interleukin family members (IL-6, IL-7, and IL-33) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 0, 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 28 days after OGI.ResultsForty-eight DEPs were detected between the two groups. Correlation analysis showed that CXCL5, EN-RAGE, IL-7, ADA, CD5, CCL25, CASP8, TWEAK, and IL-33 were significantly correlated with clinical signs including ocular wound characteristics, PVR scoring, PVR recurrence, and final visual acuity (R = 0.467–0.699, p < 0.05), and all with optimal AUC values (0.7344–1). Correlations between DEP analysis and PPI analysis further verified that IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-33, HGF, and CXCL5 were highly interactive (combined score: 0.669–0.983). These DEPs were enriched in novel pathways such as cancer signaling pathway (N = 14, p < 0.000). Vitreous levels of IL-6, IL-7, and IL-33 in the rabbit TPVR model displayed consistency with the trend in Olink data, all exhibiting marked differential expression 1 day following the OGI.ConclusionIL-7, IL-33, EN-RAGE, TWEAK, CXCL5, and CD5 may be potential biomarkers for TPVR pathogenesis and prognosis, and early post-injury may be an ideal time for TPVR intervention targeting interleukin family biomarkers

2-[(1,3-Benzothia­zol-2-yl)imino­meth­yl]phenol

The title compound, C14H10N2OS, is nearly planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.0698 (13) Å from the mean plane, and exists in an E configuration with respect to the C=N bond. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 2.81 (9)°. There is an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond and inter­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds

Vibration Effect Produced by Raised Pavement Markers on the Exit Ramp of an Expressway

Driving over raised pavement markers (RPMs) spaced at different spacing, the human body will experience different vibrations. To explore whether RPMs situated at the exit ramp of an expressway induce a good vibration warning effect, this paper determines the spacing of RPMs situated along a deceleration lane and curved ramp. Models of roads, vehicles, and RPMs are first established in the ADAMS software, after which an integrated human-chair model constructed in SolidWorks is imported into ADAMS, and then the complete model is formed so that vibration simulations of different types of vehicle at different spacing and speeds can be carried out. The results show that the vibration warning effects of the spacing proposed by the existing Chinese specifications and this paper are basically between level III and level IV, the driver’s subjective feeling is between less comfortable and uncomfortable, and both induce a good vibration warning effect. For a linear deceleration lane, when considering traffic safety, a spacing of 3 m is recommended; when considering the economy, a spacing of 6 m is recommended. For a curved deceleration lane and curved ramp, according to the actual curve radius, the spacing of RPMs can refer to the spacing recommended in the paper. In addition, the vibration warning effect for cars and semi-trailer trucks initially increases with an increase in the speed; then, after reaching a certain peak speed, the effect decreases with an increase in the speed, and finally, it tends to become gentle at speeds exceeding 100 km/h. The vibration warning effect for a semi-trailer truck is better than that for a car under the same spacing and speed. Document type: Articl