353 research outputs found
Freeze-in Dirac neutrinogenesis: thermal leptonic CP asymmetry
We present a freeze-in realization of the Dirac neutrinogenesis in which the
decaying particle that generates the lepton-number asymmetry is in thermal
equilibrium. As the right-handed Dirac neutrinos are produced non-thermally,
the lepton-number asymmetry is accumulated and partially converted to the
baryon-number asymmetry via the rapid sphaleron transitions. The necessary
CP-violating condition can be fulfilled by a purely thermal kinetic phase from
the wavefunction correction in the lepton-doublet sector, which has been
neglected in most leptogenesis-based setup. Furthermore, this condition
necessitates a preferred flavor basis in which both the charged-lepton and
neutrino Yukawa matrices are non-diagonal. To protect such a proper Yukawa
structure from the basis transformations in flavor space prior to the
electroweak gauge symmetry breaking, we can resort to a plethora of model
buildings aimed at deciphering the non-trivial Yukawa structures.
Interestingly, based on the well-known tri-bimaximal mixing with a minimal
correction from the charged-lepton or neutrino sector, we find that a
simultaneous explanation of the baryon-number asymmetry in the Universe and the
low-energy neutrino oscillation observables can be attributed to the mixing
angle and the CP-violating phase introduced in the minimal correction.Comment: 28 pages and 7 figures; more discussions and one figure added, final
version published in the journa
Scotogenic Dirac neutrino model embedded with leptoquarks: one pathway to addressing all
If the leptoquarks proposed to account for the intriguing anomalies observed
in the -meson decays, and , as well as in
the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, , can be embedded into
the scotogenic Dirac neutrino model, all these flavor anomalies, together with
the origin of neutrino masses and the nature of dark matter, would be
potentially addressed in a unified picture. Among the minimal seesaw, one-loop,
and two-loop realizations of the dimension-4 effective operator
for the Dirac neutrino masses, we show that plenty of
diagrams associated with the two-loop realizations of can
support the coexistence of leptoquarks and dark matter candidates. After a
simple match of these leptoquarks to those that can accommodate all the flavor
anomalies, we establish the scotogenic Dirac neutrino models embedded with
leptoquarks, which could address all the problems mentioned above.Comment: 17 pages, 16 tables, 9 figure
Probing new physics with polarized and in quasielastic scattering process
The absence of semitauonic decays of charmed hadrons makes the decay
processes mediated by the quark-level transition
inadequate for probing a generic new physics (NP) with all kinds of Dirac
structures. To fill in this gap, we consider in this paper the quasielastic
neutrino scattering process , and propose
searching for NP through the polarizations of the lepton and the
baryon. In the framework of a general low-energy effective
Lagrangian, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the (differential) cross
sections and polarization vectors of the process both within the Standard Model
and in various NP scenarios, and scrutinize possible NP signals. We also
explore the influence on our findings due to the uncertainties and the
different parametrizations of the transition form factors,
and show that they have become one of the major challenges to further constrain
possible NP through the quasielastic scattering process.Comment: 31 pages, 17 figures, and 3 tables. Comments are welcom
Searching and identifying leptoquarks through low-energy polarized scattering processes
We investigate the potential for discovering and identifying the different
leptoquark (LQ) models in the charm sector through the low-energy polarized
scattering processes , , and . Considering only the
longitudinally polarized processes, we show that the LQ models can be
disentangled from each other by measuring the four spin asymmetries, ,
, , and , constructed in terms of the
polarized cross sections. Although it is challenging to accomplish the same
goal with the transversely polarized processes, we find that investing them in
the future experiments is especially beneficial, since they can directly probe
into the imaginary part of the Wilson coefficients in the general low-energy
effective Lagrangian. With our properly designed experimental setups, it is
also demonstrated that promising event rates can be expected for all these
processes and, even in the worst-case scenario -- no LQ signals are observed at
all, they can still provide competitive potential for constraining the new
physics, compared with those from the conventional charmed-hadron weak decays
and the high- dilepton invariant mass tails at high-energy colliders.Comment: 23 pages, 11 tables, and 6 figure
Comprehensive analysis to identify a novel diagnostic marker of lung adenocarcinoma and its immune infiltration landscape
BackgroundLung cancer continues to be a problem faced by all of humanity. It is the cancer with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world, and the most common histological type of lung cancer is lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), accounting for about 40% of lung malignant tumors. This study was conducted to discuss and explore the immune-related biomarkers and pathways during the development and progression of LUAD and their relationship with immunocyte infiltration.MethodsThe cohorts of data used in this study were downloaded from the Gene Expression Complex (GEO) database and the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database. Through the analysis of differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO), selecting the module with the highest correlation with LUAD progression, and then the HUB gene was further determined. The Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were then used to study the function of these genes. Single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) analysis was used to investigate the penetration of 28 immunocytes and their relationship with HUB genes. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate these HUB genes accurately to diagnose LUAD. In addition, additional cohorts were used for external validation. Based on the TCGA database, the effect of the HUB genes on the prognosis of LUAD patients was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier curve. The mRNA levels of some HUB genes in cancer cells and normal cells were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).ResultsThe turquoise module with the highest correlation with LUAD was identified among the seven modules obtained with WGCNA. Three hundred fifty-four differential genes were chosen. After LASSO analysis, 12 HUB genes were chosen as candidate biomarkers for LUAD expression. According to the immune infiltration results, CD4 + T cells, B cells, and NK cells were high in LUAD sample tissue. The ROC curve showed that all 12 HUB genes had a high diagnostic value. Finally, the functional enrichment analysis suggested that the HUB gene is mainly related to inflammatory and immune responses. According to the RT-qPCR study, we found that the expression of DPYSL2, OCIAD2, and FABP4 in A549 was higher than BEAS-2B. The expression content of DPYSL2 was lower in H1299 than in BEAS-2B. However, the expression difference of FABP4 and OCIAD2 genes in H1299 lung cancer cells was insignificant, but both showed a trend of increase.ConclusionsThe mechanism of LUAD pathogenesis and progression is closely linked to T cells, B cells, and monocytes. 12 HUB genes(ADAMTS8, CD36, DPYSL2, FABP4, FGFR4, HBA2, OCIAD2, PARP1, PLEKHH2, STX11, TCF21, TNNC1) may participate in the progression of LUAD via immune-related signaling pathways
SparseByteNN: A Novel Mobile Inference Acceleration Framework Based on Fine-Grained Group Sparsity
To address the challenge of increasing network size, researchers have
developed sparse models through network pruning. However, maintaining model
accuracy while achieving significant speedups on general computing devices
remains an open problem. In this paper, we present a novel mobile inference
acceleration framework SparseByteNN, which leverages fine-grained kernel
sparsity to achieve real-time execution as well as high accuracy. Our framework
consists of two parts: (a) A fine-grained kernel sparsity schema with a
sparsity granularity between structured pruning and unstructured pruning. It
designs multiple sparse patterns for different operators. Combined with our
proposed whole network rearrangement strategy, the schema achieves a high
compression rate and high precision at the same time. (b) Inference engine
co-optimized with the sparse pattern. The conventional wisdom is that this
reduction in theoretical FLOPs does not translate into real-world efficiency
gains. We aim to correct this misconception by introducing a family of
efficient sparse kernels for ARM and WebAssembly. Equipped with our efficient
implementation of sparse primitives, we show that sparse versions of
MobileNet-v1 outperform strong dense baselines on the efficiency-accuracy
curve. Experimental results on Qualcomm 855 show that for 30% sparse
MobileNet-v1, SparseByteNN achieves 1.27x speedup over the dense version and
1.29x speedup over the state-of-the-art sparse inference engine MNN with a
slight accuracy drop of 0.224%. The source code of SparseByteNN will be
available at https://github.com/lswzjuer/SparseByteN
Long intergenic non-coding RNA 00152 promotes lung adenocarcinoma proliferation via interacting with EZH2 and repressing IL24 expression
Primer sequences. (XLSX 13 kb
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