Job Satisfaction and Its Determinants among Health Workers in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: Human power is the back bone for the provision of quality health care for the population. High level of professional satisfaction among health workers earns high dividends such as higher worker force retention and patients satisfaction. There is limited amount of literature in the areas related to factors affecting job satisfaction and retention. The objective of this study was to determine the job satisfaction of health professionals working in Jimma University Specialized Hospital and factors affecting their level of satisfaction.METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the level and factors affecting job satisfaction and retention of health professionals working in Jimma University Specialized Hospital. The study was conducted from March to October 2009 and included all categories of health professionals working in the hospital during the study period. Data was collected using self administered questionnaire and focus group discussion. After the data was collected, it was entered into a computer and analyzed using SPSS version16.0 windows statistical software. Chi-square tests were made to evaluate association of different variables with job satisfaction, and P-value < 0.05, at 95% CI was taken as cut off point for statistical significance.RESULTS: A total of 145 health professionals have responded for the self administered questionnaire. The result showed that sixty seven (46.2%) of the health workers are dissatisfied with their job. The major reasons reported for their dissatisfaction were lack of motivation, inadequate salary, insufficient training opportunities and inadequate number of human resources. Only sixty (41.4%) health professionals were satisfied with their job, the major reasons given were getting satisfaction from helping others and professional gratification. Suggestion given by the respondents to improve job satisfaction and increase retention rate included motivation of staff through different incentives such us bonus, house allowance, salary increment, establishing good administration management system and improving hospital facilities and infrastructure.CONCLUSION: Job satisfaction of health professionals in Jimma University Specialized Hospital was found to be low. Responsible bodies should devise mechanisms to improve job satisfaction and retention of health professional so as to improve the healthcare services of the hospital.KEYWORDS: Job satisfaction, Health Workers, Jimma University Specialized Hospita

Using the theory of planned behaviour to explore the multicultural nursing workforces' behavioural intentions to comply with nursing policies and procedures in Prince Military Medical City (PSMMC) in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background & aims: mBarrett's esophagus (BE) increases risk for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Increased risk for BE has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 6p21 (within the HLA region) and on 16q23, where the closest protein-coding gene is FOXF1. The Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON) identified risk loci for BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma in CRTC1 and BARX1, and within 100 kb FOXP1. We aimed to identify SNPs that increased risk for BE in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and to validate previously reported associations.Methods: we performed a GWAS to identify variants associated with BE and further analyzed promising variants identified by the BEACON. We performed genotype analysis of 10,158 patients with BE and 21,062 controls.Results: we identified 2 SNPs not previously associated with BE: rs3072 (2p24.1; odds ratio [OR] = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.09–1.18; P = 1.8 × 10?11) and rs2701108 (12q24.21; OR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.86–0.93; P = 7.5 × 10?9). The closest protein-coding genes were GDF7 (rs3072), which encodes a ligand in the bone morphogenetic protein pathway, and TBX5 (rs2701108), which encodes a transcription factor that regulates esophageal and cardiac development. We also identified 3 SNPS already identified by the BEACON (rs2687201, rs11789015, and rs10423674). Meta-analysis of all data identified another SNP associated with BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma: rs3784262, near ALDH1A2 (OR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.87–0.93; P = 3.72 × 10?9).Conclusions: we identified 2 loci associated with risk for BE and provide data to support a locus previously associated with risk in the BEACON. The genes we found to be associated with risk for BE encode transcription factors involved in thoracic, diaphragmatic, and esophageal development or proteins involved in the inflammatory respons

Spatial correlation increase in single-sensor satellite data reveals loss of Amazon rainforest resilience

The Amazon rainforest (ARF) is threatened by deforestation and climate change, which could trigger a regime shift to a savanna-like state. Previous work suggesting declining resilience in recent decades was based only on local resilience indicators. Moreover, previous results are potentially biased by the employed multi-sensor and optical satellite data and undetected anthropogenic land-use change. Here, we show that the spatial correlation provides a more robust resilience indicator than local estimators and employ it to measure resilience changes in the ARF, based on single-sensor Vegetation Optical Depth data under conservative exclusion of human activity. Our results show an overall loss of resilience until around 2019, which is especially pronounced in the southwestern and northern Amazon for the time period from 2002 to 2011. The demonstrated reliability of spatial correlation in coupled systems suggests that in particular the southwest of the ARF has experienced pronounced resilience loss over the last two decades

Assessment of factors influencing youth involvement in horticulture agribusiness in Tanzania: a case study of Njombe region

Open Access Journal; Published online: 10 Jul 2020Involvement of youth in horticulture agribusiness has become a vital approach to create employment opportunities among the youth in Tanzania. This study aimed at examining the extent of youth participation and factors influencing youth involvement in horticulture agribusiness with a focus on innovations in post-harvest management (PHM). Data were collected from a sample of 576 male and female youth in Njombe region using a multi-stage random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using an ordered logit model and descriptive statistics. Results of the ordered logit analysis showed that primary school education, Form IV and above, management innovation, access to credit, good perception of horticulture for agribusiness and improved packaging materials positively and significantly influence youth involvement in horticulture agribusiness. Gender and land size had a negative and significant influence on youth involvement in horticulture agribusiness, as indicated by higher percentages of male youth (59%) participation in the horticulture agribusiness. Therefore, this study suggests increased investment in capacity development of the youth on PHM innovations and the development of rural infrastructure such as agro-processing and storage facilities by the government and private sector. Increasing the availability of improved packaging materials and provision of youth-friendly credit schemes could encourage youth in horticulture agribusiness

Major Cardiovascular Advances: Highlights from the 2019 American College of Cardiology Annual Scientific Session

The 69th American College of Cardiology Annual Scientific Session and Expo was held in New Orleans, Louisiana on March 16–18, 2019. For many years this meeting has gathered together an enormous number of participants, abstracts, oral presentations, poster presentations, educational sessions, late-breaking clinical trial results, and clinical practice guidelines under one roof. The authors have selected and summarized the key points from a number of key landmark trials, featured clinical research results and clinical practice guidelines that were presented during this year’s meeting

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Pine Tar on Periodontal Pathogenic Bacteria: An In Vitro Study

BACKGROUND: Periodontal pathogens play an important role in etiology and pathogenesis of periodontitis. Microbiological examination of sub gingival plaque is used at the present time in etiological research as well as in clinical treatment of periodontitis to select the appropriate antibiotic agent if indicated. Pine tar has been used for the treatment of various skin diseases. So the study was done to evaluate the effect of Pine Tar oil on bacteria isolated from periodontitis patients.METHODS: Plaque samples from volunteer patients were collected using sterile paper points. Robertson's Cooked Meat (RCM) medium was used for the transportation and cultivation of aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic microorganisms.RESULTS: The result suggests the use of Pine tar oil for topical application in periodontal diseases. Disc diffusion analysis was sufficient enough to illustrate that 75 μl tar oil solution produced growth inhibition of microbial strains.CONCLUSION: Pine tar oil has become one of the important areas of research both in pharmaceutical and periodontal research, hence in vivo studies has to be carried out with various form of pine tar.&nbsp

An adenovirus-based vaccine manufacturing technology platform for mucosal or parenteral immunization against poultry diseases in sub-Saharan Africa

Developing novel vaccine technology platforms to respond to emergency situations such as pandemic threats or zoonotic diseases is a worldwide high priority. Public health at a global scale is frequently influenced by the risk of transmission of infectious diseases from wildlife and domestic animals. Thus, veterinary vaccination and animal health monitoring are highly relevant for the deployment of a preventative global policy in the context of “one world, one health”. In regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa, farmers’ activities are frequently affected by the impact of diseases in poultry such as avian influenza and Newcastle disease (ND). ND is one of the most critical, with several outbreaks per year. Currently, protection is provided by vaccination with live vaccines produced only in embryonated eggs, with limitations related to egg supply and the possibility of virus shedding by vaccinated poultry, leading to disease in non-vaccinated birds. The purpose of this work was to develop an adenovirus (Ad) vectored vaccine platform technology suitable for the rapid adaptation to ND or other avian viral threats. The project involved the phylogenetic analysis of local isolates of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and the construction of adenoviral vectors expressing the F and HN antigens from NDV genotype VI, either as individual antigens or in bicistronic vectors. Remarkably, adenoviral rescue and generation of primary stocks was streamlined by developing a novel procedure for single step amplification in suspension cultures. Please click Download on the upper right corner to see the full abstract

Changes in healthcare managing COVID and non-COVID-19 patients during the pandemic: striking the balance

This article is made available for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or be any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.Following the emergence of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, healthcare organizations began concentrating on the preparation for and management of the surge of COVID-19 cases while trying to protect the healthcare workers and other patients from getting COVID-19. Changing the way people work requires innovative approaches and questioning some long-held medical practices. There are multiple factors contributing to the apparent reduced utilization of healthcare services to non–COVID-19 patients. The current world crisis is highlighting the need of re-engineering the way we deliver inpatient and outpatient health care, including bolstering social support, in order to be prepared when the next calamity will present itself

African rural youth engagement in agribusiness: achievements, limitations, and lessons

Open Access JournalEngaging rural youth in agribusiness has become an important strategy to create employment opportunities in Africa. To this end, governments and development partners have implemented various interventions that facilitate youth engagement in agribusiness for several years. However, there is a dearth of evidence on what worked and what did not work well, making it difficult to inform evidence-based policy making. In an effort to fill this knowledge gap, a comprehensive literature review of the outcomes of interventions related to youth engagement in agribusiness was conducted using a deductive coding approach. Results showed that the interventions implemented by governments and development partners across Africa have succeeded in producing favorable outcomes despite some limitations. Interventions that integrate capacity development, financial support for startups, and continuous mentorship on the technical and financial aspects of youth-run agribusiness projects proved successful in enhancing youth engagement in agribusiness. This suggests that the design and implementation of future interventions should be based on an integrated approach that considers diversity of youths’ aspirations and shared capabilities, interests, expectations, as well as challenges associated with access to resources and participation in collective action. The design of future interventions should also be built on strong partnerships among rural communities, academia, research, and private sector for increased impact on livelihood improvements

Lactobacillus Species as Probiotics: Isolation Sources and Health Benefits

Recently, the attention to exploring and applying probiotics has been increased. Probiotics are living microscopic organisms that have valuable impacts on health when consumed in adequate amounts. One of the most popular widespread utilized probiotics for many years until now is the Lactobacillus species which exemplifies the hugest heterogeneous group among the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that normally occupy many environments that contain high nutrient levels such as soil, humans, waters, plants, animals and even air without causing any illness. The purpose of this work is to review and demonstrate the wide diversity of lactobacilli isolation sources and related health benefits applications of the strains discovered in order to break the familiar sources of lactobacillus spp., thereby encouraging more research into unconventional sources and opening up opportunities for clinical applications of Lactobacillus spp. As a result, the isolation sources of lactobacillus spp. in this review have been split into two groups based on the environmental condition, including fermented and non-fermented habitats described as lactobacilli probiotic sources. The unique Lactobacilli isolated from various sources are regarded as potential therapies for a variety of illnesses and physiological abnormalities, including immunomodulation, suppression of carcinogenesis, and cholesterol reduction, in addition to their capacity to guard against infections. This will be highly significant for revealing updated information about Lactobacillus spp. that has attracted considerable attention due to its potential application in clinical practices