Relationship of IE and oral conditions

Objectives Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening infectious disease, but the pathogenesis of the disease remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to examine whether oral infectious conditions are associated with the occurrence of IE in valvular heart disease (VHD) patients. Materials and Methods A total of 119 periodontitis (P) patients with or without VHD were enrolled, and cross-sectional analyses were performed. Patients were classified as follows: 1) mild-to-moderate P without VHD, 2) mild-to-moderate P with VHD, 3) severe P without VHD, or 4) severe P with VHD. A total of 78 VHD patients were classified as 1) VHD without IE or 2) VHD with IE. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to compute the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results No significant differences were observed between patients with or without VHD in oral conditions. A significant increase in the percentage of alveolar bone loss in VHD patients with IE was observed compared with that of patients without IE. The ratio of both Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) IgG titer>1.68 and Pg fimA type II genotype in patients with IE was significantly higher than in patients without IE. There was a significant correlation between the occurrence of IE and clinical oral findings (number of remaining teeth: OR, 0.17; rate of alveolar bone loss>40%: OR, 11.8). Conclusions VHD patients with IE might have severe periodontitis compared with patients without IE, although further investigation will be needed because this is based on only 7 VHD patients with IE. Clinical relevance The patients with IE had fewer remaining teeth, more advanced bone resorption compared with those of patients without IE. These findings suggest a possible association between the occurrence of IE and periodontal infection

Three Cases of Shaken Baby Syndrome without a History of Shaking

Three cases of Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) without a history of abusive shaking have been reported.The reason why SBS without intentional shaking as follows;case 1was throwing, case 2 was dropping, case3 was unknown. For all 3 reported cases, attending physicians suspected the SBS from the presence of subduralhematoma and fundus hemorrhage. All 3 cases occurred at home, and the parents had no knowledgeof SBS. After a detailed interview, the diagnosis of SBS without a history of intentional shaking was made.Although the mechanism in detail was unclear in 3 cases, these SBS may happen by the difference betweenacceleration and the deceleration during the throwing and dropping movement;similar to intentional shakingthat causes of common SBS.For subdural hematoma and fundus hemorrhage of unknown cause, it is important to conduct an interviewwith the possibility of unintentional SBS in mind, without the occurrence of abusive shaking. In addition,attention should be paid to both pediatrician and parents about the risk of SBS in the care of infant inthe everyday life

ショウワキチ ニ オケル タイキ チュウ ソダイ リュウシ ノウド ノ キセツ ヘンカ

昭和基地において,直径0.3 μm以上の粒径別大気エアロゾル粒子数濃度の観測をおこなった.2004年2月～ 2006年1月までの期間について,粗大粒子(直径1.0-5.0 μm)濃度の時系列変化について解析したところ,粗大粒子濃度は2-10月に高く,夏の12-1月には低かった.風速の季節変化や地理的分布,海氷縁の位置との関係,後方流跡線解析,粒径分布の季節変化から,粗大粒子数濃度の季節変化の要因について検討した.その結果,2-3月には昭和基地に近い南極沿岸域から生成した海塩粒子の寄与が大きいのに対し,海氷の最も発達する10月には,南緯60度以北の海域で生成した海塩粒子が長距離輸送されていることが示唆された.Number-size distributions (D_p>0.3 μm) of atmospheric aerosol particles were measured at Syowa Station, Antarctica, from February 2004 to January 2006. Volume concentrations of coarse particles (D_p 1.0-5.0 μm) were low in December to January and high in the rest of the year. To identify factors controlling the seasonal variation of coarse particle concentrations at Syowa Station, seasonal variations of wind speed distribution over the Southern Ocean, sea ice extent, wind speed at the edge of sea ice and at Syowa Station, and seasonal patterns of backward air trajectories were compared with the volume concentrations of coarse particles. Patterns of backward air trajectories and changes in size distributions of coarse particles associated with sea ice extent suggest changes in major source areas of sea salt particles observed at Syowa Station: coastal areas near Syowa in February and March, but far north of the sea ice edge, around 60゜ south, in October

Seasonal variation of coarse aerosol particle concentration at Syowa Station, Antarctica

Number-size distributions (D_p>0.3 μm) of atmospheric aerosol particles were measured at Syowa Station, Antarctica, from February 2004 to January 2006. Volume concentrations of coarse particles (D_p 1.0-5.0 μm) were low in December to January and high in the rest of the year. To identify factors controlling the seasonal variation of coarse particle concentrations at Syowa Station, seasonal variations of wind speed distribution over the Southern Ocean, sea ice extent, wind speed at the edge of sea ice and at Syowa Station, and seasonal patterns of backward air trajectories were compared with the volume concentrations of coarse particles. Patterns of backward air trajectories and changes in size distributions of coarse particles associated with sea ice extent suggest changes in major source areas of sea salt particles observed at Syowa Station: coastal areas near Syowa in February and March, but far north of the sea ice edge, around 60゜ south, in October