Indirubin, a Constituent of the Chinese Herbal Medicine Qing-Dai, Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Murine Colitis

【Background】Indirubin, a constituent of the Chinese herbal medicine “Qing-Dai,” has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of indirubin for ameliorating colonic inflammation in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. 【Methods】Mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)induced acute and chronic colitis were treated with indirubin in their diet. Clinical and histologic changes were evaluated. In addition, colon levels of interleukin-6, a critical pro-inflammatory mediator, was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 【Results】In the model of acute colitis, indirubin treatment improved the loss of body weight. Histology of colonic tissue revealed that indirubin treatment improved the histology grading of colitis (P = 0.02), the extent of submucosal fibrosis (P = 0.018), the number of mucosal toluidine blue-positive cells (P = 0.004) and colon length (P = 0.01). In the model of chronic colitis, indirubin treatment had no significant effect on pathologic findings except for colon length (P = 0.003). However, indirubin administration significantly reduced colon levels of interleukin-6 in the chronic-colitis model (P = 0.001). 【Conclusion】Our study clearly showed that oral intake of indirubin can improve murine DSS-induced colitis (which mimics human inflammatory bowel disease)

Improving Classification Accuracy by Optimizing Activation Function for Convolutional Neural Network on Homomorphic Encryption

The 17th International Conference on Broad-Band Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications (BWCCA-2022)October 27-29Polytechnic University of Tirana, Tirana, Albaniaautho

Moderator-controlled Information Sharing by Identity-based Aggregate Signatures for Information Centric Networking

ABSTRACT Information sharing services have been provided via common servers, which not only relay messages but also sometimes moderate them. A peer can become a moderator and control the distribution of messages belonging to his private message group. However, the physical transfer of a message is usually out of the peer's control. Originator-signed signatures inherent in Information Centric Networking assure the integrity and provenance of messages exchanged among peers, which makes it possible to realize moderator-controlled information sharing in which a peer can become a moderator and control the distribution of his private message group as a trustable server. However, moderated content requires multiple signatures, which increases the size of the exchanged message and is inadequate, especially for short message services. We propose the use of Identity-Based Aggregate Signatures (IBAS) to decrease this overhead, and provide a proof-of-concept IBAS implementation for Named Data Networking (NDN). We also compare the performance of the proposed IBAS implementation with existing RSA signatures. An overhead reduction of approximately 45% to 60% compared to RSA signatures is achieved for an NDN packet in the proposed configuration. Because of the properties of the identity-based signatur