Entropy as a dynamical variable

[No abstract available

Towards a thermodynamics of living matter

We consider the fundamental equation of the thermodynamics of antidissipative systems, in which the internal work connected with the production of entropy is compensated by the external work on the system. Living systems are open antidissipative ones, in which this compensation is realized by the chemical work of the exchange of substances. Moreover, living matter is found in a stable nonequilibrium state. © 1990 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Quantum and relativistic virial inequalities

The generalization of the virial theorem is discussed. The case where the potential energy is a sum of homogeneous functions of various degree is investigated. If the potential energy U is composed of a gravitational (or Coulomb) energy and an energy of the short-range repulsion of particles, then virial inequalities of the form 2-K + Ū < 0 are valid, where K is the kinetic energy. For classical systems of this type, but with a Hamiltonian relativistic in the momenta, the inequality 3Nθ < |Ū| holds, where N is the number of particles in the system, θ = kT, T is the temperature, and k is Boltzmann's constant. © 1979 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Towards a thermodynamics of living matter

We consider the fundamental equation of the thermodynamics of antidissipative systems, in which the internal work connected with the production of entropy is compensated by the external work on the system. Living systems are open antidissipative ones, in which this compensation is realized by the chemical work of the exchange of substances. Moreover, living matter is found in a stable nonequilibrium state. © 1990 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Quantum and relativistic virial inequalities

The generalization of the virial theorem is discussed. The case where the potential energy is a sum of homogeneous functions of various degree is investigated. If the potential energy U is composed of a gravitational (or Coulomb) energy and an energy of the short-range repulsion of particles, then virial inequalities of the form 2-K + Ū < 0 are valid, where K is the kinetic energy. For classical systems of this type, but with a Hamiltonian relativistic in the momenta, the inequality 3Nθ < |Ū| holds, where N is the number of particles in the system, θ = kT, T is the temperature, and k is Boltzmann's constant. © 1979 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Entropy as a dynamical variable

[No abstract available

Fluctuations of quantities averaged over time in the course of measurements

The averaging effect of measuring instruments in the course of measurements of physical quantities is considered. Formulas are obtained for the calculation of the fluctuations and time correlations, taking into account the effect of the measuring equipment for classical and quantum systems. © 1978 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Particlelike solutions (PLS) in a system of interacting scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational fields

[No abstract available

Fluctuations of quantities averaged over time in the course of measurements

The averaging effect of measuring instruments in the course of measurements of physical quantities is considered. Formulas are obtained for the calculation of the fluctuations and time correlations, taking into account the effect of the measuring equipment for classical and quantum systems. © 1978 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Particlelike solutions (PLS) in a system of interacting scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational fields

[No abstract available