Some Contributions to Optimization of Faraday MHD Generator Duct

For the purpose of contributing to the optimum design of the Faraday MHD generator duct, the authors derive a numerical calculation from the basic quasi onedimensional MHD equations of the diverging rectangular duct and the integrals which express duct size, viz. length, surface area or volume. The calculation is intended to minimize the integrals under the condition of extracting a required output power from the duct, when the applied magnetic flux density, the mass flow rate and the duct inlet or outlet total pressure and temperature of the working gas are held constant

Analysis of End Effects in Diagonal Type MHD Generator by Means of Equivalent Circuit

In this paper, there are analyzed current and potential distributions in the end region of a large scale combustion gas diagonal MHD generator by means of a new equivalent circuit. It is ascertained that the calculation results by the equivalent circuit method agree well with the results by the conventional finite difference method. It is made clear that in numerical analysis of the current and potential distributions, the nozzle or the diffuser, which is connected with the generator duct inlet or exit, respectively, must be taken at least to the extent of the duct hight. Next, this paper discusses in detail the influences of the applied magnetic flux distribution, the load current, and the output electrode number etc. on the current concentration which occurs at the ends of the output electrodes

Two Dimensional Analysis of MHD Generator by Means of Equivalent Circuit

The authors report on the method analyzing generally the MHD generator by means of the equivalent circuit including the negative resistance. At first, they divide the duct space into many space elements, and for each space element they derive the fundamental equivalent four-terminal circuit which satisfies the two-dimensional Ohm's law. Next, they make an attempt to apply the equivalent circuits to the typical MHD generators such as diagonal, Faraday and Hall generators considering the boundary layer in the duct and the wall leakage current. Using their analysis, the current density, Joul's heat, generated and output electrical powers, electrical efficiency etc. in the generator can be fairly easily calculated

A New Three-Dimensional Equivalent Circuit of Diagonal Type MHD Generator

For a large scale diagonal type generator with oil combustion gas plasma, a new three-dimensional equivalent circuit is proposed, in which there are considered the leakage resistance of the duct insulator surface, the boundary layer, the ion slip, the effect of the finite electrode segmentation etc. Next, through the relation between the Hall voltage per one electrode pitch region and the load current obtained by use of the equivalent circuit, a suitable size and number of the space elements per region are determined. Further, by comparing in detail the electrical performances of two types of the diagonal generators with diagonal conducting and insulating sidewalls, three-dimensional effects of the sidewalls are discussed

オープン サイクル ダイアゴナルケイ MHD ハツデンキ ノ ドウサ トクセイ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ

京都大学0048新制・論文博士工学博士乙第4329号論工博第1339号新制||工||495(附属図書館)UT51-57-E394(主査)教授 卯本 重郎, 教授 岐美 格, 教授 木嶋 昭学位規則第5条第2項該当Kyoto UniversityDFA

Optimization of Bacterial Plasmid Transformation Using Nanomaterials Based on the Yoshida Effect

With the help of sepiolite, a unique method for transforming DNA into bacteria, based on the Yoshida effect, has been developed recently. However, we confronted many problems when this newest method was tried. Only a few transformants could be obtained even when 100 ng of plasmid pET15b was used, and a successful result seemed difficult to repeat. To address this problem, we optimized the operating method and could achieve about 15,000 transformants using the same amount of plasmid, which could match the efficiency gained using the calcium chloride transformation method. Meanwhile, the results could also be reproduced well. In the same way, carbon nanotubes were used to attain more than 15,000 transformants in the same situation. Therefore, the transformation method could be extended to other nanomaterials. Meanwhile, compared with the mechanism previously reported, we verified quite a different principle for the mechanism responsible for such a transformation. In sum, this unique transformation can be developed to become the third widely-used transformation method in laboratories in addition to the chemical method and electroporation

Some consequences of the A/A-bar distinction of scrambling

It has been discussed that clause intermal scrambling (CIS) involves A or A-bar movement whereas long distance scrambling (LDS) involves A-bar movement (cf. Mahajan (1989), Webelhuth (1989), Saito (1992)). ..

Mouse in Utero Electroporation: Controlled Spatiotemporal Gene Transfection

In order to understand the function of genes expressed in specific region of the developing brain, including signaling molecules and axon guidance molecules, local gene transfer or knock- out is required. Gene targeting knock-in or knock-out into local regions is possible to perform with combination with a specific CRE line, which is laborious, costly, and time consuming. Therefore, a simple transfection method, an in utero electroporation technique, which can be performed with short time, will be handy to test the possible function of candidate genes prior to the generation of transgenic animals 1,2. In addition to this, in utero electroporation targets areas of the brain where no specific CRE line exists, and will limit embryonic lethality 3,4. Here, we present a method of in utero electroporation combining two different types of electrodes for simple and convenient gene transfer into target areas of the developing brain. First, a unique holding method of embryos using an optic fiber optic light cable will make small embryos (from E9.5) visible for targeted DNA solution injection into ventricles and needle type electrodes insertion to the targeted brain area 5,6. The patterning of the brain such as cortical area occur at early embryonic stage, therefore, these early electroporation from E9.5 make a big contribution to understand entire area patterning event. Second, the precise shape of a capillary prevents uterine damage by making holes by insertion of the capillary. Furthermore, the precise shape of the needle electrodes are created with tungsten and platinum wire and sharpened using sand paper and insulated with nail polish 7, a method which is described in great detail in this protocol. This unique technique allows transfection of plasmid DNA into restricted areas of the brain and will enable small embryos to be electroporated. This will help to, open a new window for many scientists who are working on cell differentiation, cell migration, axon guidance in very early embryonic stage. Moreover, this technique will allow scientists to transfect plasmid DNA into deep parts of the developing brain such as thalamus and hypothalamus, where not many region-specific CRE lines exist for gain of function (GOF) or loss of function (LOF) analyses

Laparoscopic fundoplication for neurologically impaired adolescents with severe scoliosis

AbstractLaparoscopic antireflux procedure for patients with severe scoliosis is often challenging, as the esophageal hiatus lies in an extremely deep position and is frequently rotated. Reports regarding the clinical results of laparoscopic fundoplication are scarce, especially in patients with severe scoliosis. In this study, laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication was applied to seven adolescent patients aged between 19 and 29 years with neurological impairment and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The scoliosis among them was considerably severe with a median Cobb angle of 131°. Follow-up was conducted with a median period of 7.8 years. There was no intraoperative complication or recurrence of GERD. Two patients required tracheostomy, and one died due to recurrent pneumonia after fundoplication. Our experience suggested the feasibility of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication with an arrangement of port layout even in neurologically impaired adolescents with severe scoliosis. As recurrent aspiration pneumonia can persist after fundoplication in some patients, an anti-aspiration procedure may be considered to achieve a higher quality of life