92 research outputs found
Effect of a combination of oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine derivative molecule S-1 on expression levels of IL-9 and CysLTR-1 in a rat model of colon cancer
Purpose: To investigate the effect of a combination of oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine derivative molecule S-1 on the expression levels of IL-9 and CysLTR-1 in rats with colon cancer.
Methods: One hundred and eighty healthy Spraque Dawley rats were randomly assigned to groups A (healthy control), B (model), and C (treatment) with 60 rats in each group. Western blotting was used to determine contents of CysLTR-1 and related pathway proteins, while the levels of IL-9 and IFN-γ were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to determine cell proliferation, while cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry.
Results: Tumor volume was larger and tumor diameter was longer in group B than in group C (p < 0.05). The expression levels of CysLTR-1, LTD4, β-catenin, COX-2, IL-9 and IFN-γ were significantly up-regulated in groups B and C, relative to group A (p < 0.05). Cell proliferation was also significantly faster in groups B and C than in group A, while apoptotic rate was lower (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Combined use of OX and S-1 inhibits CysLTR-1 expression level in colon cancer rats. Furthermore, it down-regulates IL-9 expression, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells. Therefore, the combination treatment has potentials for development as a therapeutic strategy for the management of colon cancer.
Keywords: Oxaliplatin; Fluoropyrimidine derivative molecule; Colon cancer; CysLTR-
Ecological stoichiometric characteristics of three dominant fish species from the Beibu Gulf: inter- and intraspecific variations
In this study we explore the inter- and intraspecific variations in the ecological stoichiometry of three dominant fish species [Saurida tumbil (n = 33), Pennahia macrocephalus (n = 34), and Upeneus sulphureus (n = 32)] from the Beibu Gulf, the contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), δ13C, and δ15N in fishes were analyzed. Results illustrated that the ranges of elemental variations (C, N, P, and Ca) in the three fishes were 36.73∼49.24%, 8.79∼13.99%, 1.11∼2.78%, and 1.16∼4.58%, respectively while P content varied the most, resulting in variations in C:P and N:P in fishes. Correlation analysis determined the association among various parameters and illustrated that Ca content was significantly positively correlated with P content, which indicated that P content variation was attributed to the formation of fish bones and scales. The C, N, and P contents and their ratios were significantly correlated with body length and δ13C in the three fishes, indicating that the changes in C:N:P concentrations are due to individual development and food sources. Significant inter- and intraspecific differences in the body stoichiometry of the three fishes were found in this study, mainly due to differences in body size and diet. The aquatic organisms underwent individual development fluctuations in morphology and diet, which consequently altered their stoichiometric features
Check on the features of potted 20-inch PMTs with 1F3 electronics prototype at Pan-Asia
The Jiangmen underground neutrino observatory (JUNO) is a neutrino project
with a 20-kton liquid scintillator detector located at 700-m underground. The
large 20-inch PMTs are one of the crucial components of the JUNO experiment
aiming to precision neutrino measurements with better than 3% energy resolution
at 1 MeV. The excellent energy resolution and a large fiducial volume provide
many exciting opportunities for addressing important topics in neutrino and
astro-particle physics. With the container #D at JUNO Pan-Asia PMT testing and
potting station, the features of waterproof potted 20-inch PMTs were measured
with JUNO 1F3 electronics prototype in waveform and charge, which are valuable
for better understanding on the performance of the waterproof potted PMTs and
the JUNO 1F3 electronics. In this paper, basic features of JUNO 1F3 electronics
prototype run at Pan-Asia will be introduced, followed by an analysis of the
waterproof potted 20-inch PMTs and a comparison with the results from
commercial electronics used by the container #A and #B
Implementation and performances of the IPbus protocol for the JUNO Large-PMT readout electronics
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large neutrino
detector currently under construction in China. Thanks to the tight
requirements on its optical and radio-purity properties, it will be able to
perform leading measurements detecting terrestrial and astrophysical neutrinos
in a wide energy range from tens of keV to hundreds of MeV. A key requirement
for the success of the experiment is an unprecedented 3% energy resolution,
guaranteed by its large active mass (20 kton) and the use of more than 20,000
20-inch photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) acquired by high-speed, high-resolution
sampling electronics located very close to the PMTs. As the Front-End and
Read-Out electronics is expected to continuously run underwater for 30 years, a
reliable readout acquisition system capable of handling the timestamped data
stream coming from the Large-PMTs and permitting to simultaneously monitor and
operate remotely the inaccessible electronics had to be developed. In this
contribution, the firmware and hardware implementation of the IPbus based
readout protocol will be presented, together with the performances measured on
final modules during the mass production of the electronics
Mass testing of the JUNO experiment 20-inch PMTs readout electronics
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a multi-purpose,
large size, liquid scintillator experiment under construction in China. JUNO
will perform leading measurements detecting neutrinos from different sources
(reactor, terrestrial and astrophysical neutrinos) covering a wide energy range
(from 200 keV to several GeV). This paper focuses on the design and development
of a test protocol for the 20-inch PMT underwater readout electronics,
performed in parallel to the mass production line. In a time period of about
ten months, a total number of 6950 electronic boards were tested with an
acceptance yield of 99.1%
Validation and integration tests of the JUNO 20-inch PMTs readout electronics
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large neutrino
detector currently under construction in China. JUNO will be able to study the
neutrino mass ordering and to perform leading measurements detecting
terrestrial and astrophysical neutrinos in a wide energy range, spanning from
200 keV to several GeV. Given the ambitious physics goals of JUNO, the
electronic system has to meet specific tight requirements, and a thorough
characterization is required. The present paper describes the tests performed
on the readout modules to measure their performances.Comment: 20 pages, 13 figure
Potential of Core-Collapse Supernova Neutrino Detection at JUNO
JUNO is an underground neutrino observatory under construction in Jiangmen, China. It uses 20kton liquid scintillator as target, which enables it to detect supernova burst neutrinos of a large statistics for the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and also pre-supernova neutrinos from the nearby CCSN progenitors. All flavors of supernova burst neutrinos can be detected by JUNO via several interaction channels, including inverse beta decay, elastic scattering on electron and proton, interactions on C12 nuclei, etc. This retains the possibility for JUNO to reconstruct the energy spectra of supernova burst neutrinos of all flavors. The real time monitoring systems based on FPGA and DAQ are under development in JUNO, which allow prompt alert and trigger-less data acquisition of CCSN events. The alert performances of both monitoring systems have been thoroughly studied using simulations. Moreover, once a CCSN is tagged, the system can give fast characterizations, such as directionality and light curve
Detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO
As an underground multi-purpose neutrino detector with 20 kton liquid scintillator, Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is competitive with and complementary to the water-Cherenkov detectors on the search for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Typical supernova models predict 2-4 events per year within the optimal observation window in the JUNO detector. The dominant background is from the neutral-current (NC) interaction of atmospheric neutrinos with 12C nuclei, which surpasses the DSNB by more than one order of magnitude. We evaluated the systematic uncertainty of NC background from the spread of a variety of data-driven models and further developed a method to determine NC background within 15\% with {\it{in}} {\it{situ}} measurements after ten years of running. Besides, the NC-like backgrounds can be effectively suppressed by the intrinsic pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities of liquid scintillators. In this talk, I will present in detail the improvements on NC background uncertainty evaluation, PSD discriminator development, and finally, the potential of DSNB sensitivity in JUNO
Real-time Monitoring for the Next Core-Collapse Supernova in JUNO
Core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is one of the most energetic astrophysical
events in the Universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before
(pre-SN) and during the SN burst is a unique opportunity to realize the
multi-messenger observation of the CCSN events. In this work, we describe the
monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to the pre-SN and
SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), which is
a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector under construction in South China. The
real-time monitoring system is designed with both the prompt monitors on the
electronic board and online monitors at the data acquisition stage, in order to
ensure both the alert speed and alert coverage of progenitor stars. By assuming
a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system can be sensitive to
the pre-SN neutrinos up to the distance of about 1.6 (0.9) kpc and SN neutrinos
up to about 370 (360) kpc for a progenitor mass of 30 for the case
of normal (inverted) mass ordering. The pointing ability of the CCSN is
evaluated by using the accumulated event anisotropy of the inverse beta decay
interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos, which, along with the early alert,
can play important roles for the followup multi-messenger observations of the
next Galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure
Characterization of the mitochondrial genome of parupeneus indicus (perciformes, mullidae)
Parupeneus indicus, a species in the family Mullidae, inhabits the coastal and inner lagoon reefs of the Indian and Pacific oceans. The mitochondrial genome of P. indicus is 16,566 base pairs in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a D-loop control region. The overall base composition is 26.58% A, 24.83% T, 30.39% C, and 18.19% G, indicating an AT-rich profile (51.41%). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 13 PCGs revealed a close evolutionary relationship between P. indicus and P. barberinus. The data obtained in this study represent a valuable mitogenomic resource for population studies in the family Mullidae and will contribute to gaining a better understanding of the conservation genetics and environmental DNA of these fish
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