44,804 research outputs found
Thermodynamic consistency of liquid-gas lattice Boltzmann simulations
Lattice Boltzmann simulations have been very successful in simulating
liquid-gas and other multi-phase fluid systems. However, the underlying second
order analysis of the equation of motion has long been known to be insufficient
to consistently derive the fourth order terms that are necessary to represent
an extended interface. These same terms are also responsible for thermodynamic
consistency, i.e. to obtain a true equilibrium solution with both a constant
chemical potential and a constant pressure. In this article we present an
equilibrium analysis of non-ideal lattice Boltzmann methods of sufficient order
to identify those higher order terms that lead to a lack of thermodynamic
consistency. We then introduce a thermodynamically consistent forcing method.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure
Droplet detachment and bead formation in visco-elastic fluids
The presence of a very small amount of high molecular weight polymer
significantly delays the pinch-off singularity of a drop of water falling from
a faucet, and leads to the formation of a long-lived cylindrical filament. In
this paper we present experiments, numerical simulations, and theory which
examines the pinch-off process in the presence of polymers. The numerical
simulations are found to be in excellent agreement with experiment. As a test
case, we establish the conditions under which a small bead remains on the
filament; we find that this is due to the asymmetry induced by the self-similar
pinch-off of the droplet.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Computation of the Halo Mass Function Using Physical Collapse Parameters: Application to Non-Standard Cosmologies
In this article we compare the halo mass function predicted by the excursion
set theory with a drifting diffusive barrier against the results of N-body
simulations for several cosmological models. This includes the standard LCDM
case for a large range of halo masses, models with different types of
primordial non-Gaussianity, and the Ratra-Peebles quintessence model of Dark
Energy. We show that in all those cosmological scenarios, the abundance of dark
matter halos can be described by a drifting diffusive barrier, where the two
parameters describing the barrier have physical content. In the case of the
Gaussian LCDM, the statistics are precise enough to actually predict those
parameters at different redshifts from the initial conditions. Furthermore, we
found that the stochasticity in the barrier is nonnegligible making the simple
deterministic spherical collapse model a bad approximation even at very high
halo masses. We also show that using the standard excursion set approach with a
barrier inspired by peak patches leads to inconsistent predictions of the halo
mass function.Comment: 25 pages, 12 figure
AGN Feedback Compared: Jets versus Radiation
Feedback by Active Galactic Nuclei is often divided into quasar and radio
mode, powered by radiation or radio jets, respectively. Both are fundamental in
galaxy evolution, especially in late-type galaxies, as shown by cosmological
simulations and observations of jet-ISM interactions in these systems. We
compare AGN feedback by radiation and by collimated jets through a suite of
simulations, in which a central AGN interacts with a clumpy, fractal galactic
disc. We test AGN of and erg/s, considering jets
perpendicular or parallel to the disc. Mechanical jets drive the more powerful
outflows, exhibiting stronger mass and momentum coupling with the dense gas,
while radiation heats and rarifies the gas more. Radiation and perpendicular
jets evolve to be quite similar in outflow properties and effect on the cold
ISM, while inclined jets interact more efficiently with all the disc gas,
removing the densest in Myr, and thereby reducing the amount of
cold gas available for star formation. All simulations show small-scale inflows
of M/yr, which can easily reach down to the Bondi radius of
the central supermassive black hole (especially for radiation and perpendicular
jets), implying that AGN modulate their own duty cycle in a feedback/feeding
cycle.Comment: 21 pages, 15 figures, 2 table
Gauge-Higgs Unification and Radiative Electroweak Symmetry Breaking in Warped Extra Dimensions
We compute the Coleman Weinberg effective potential for the Higgs field in RS
Gauge-Higgs unification scenarios based on a bulk SO(5) x U(1)_X gauge
symmetry, with gauge and fermion fields propagating in the bulk and a custodial
symmetry protecting the generation of large corrections to the T parameter and
the coupling of the Z to the bottom quark. We demonstrate that electroweak
symmetry breaking may be realized, with proper generation of the top and bottom
quark masses for the same region of bulk mass parameters that lead to good
agreement with precision electroweak data in the presence of a light Higgs. We
compute the Higgs mass and demonstrate that for the range of parameters for
which the Higgs boson has Standard Model-like properties, the Higgs mass is
naturally in a range that varies between values close to the LEP experimental
limit and about 160 GeV. This mass range may be probed at the Tevatron and at
the LHC. We analyze the KK spectrum and briefly discuss the phenomenology of
the light resonances arising in our model.Comment: 31 pages, 9 figures. Corrected typo in boundary condition for gauge
bosons and top mass equation. To appear in PR
Analysis of photon-atom entanglement generated by Faraday rotation in a cavity
Faraday rotation based on AC Stark shifts is a mechanism that can entangle
the polarization variables of photons and atoms. We analyze the structure of
such entanglement by using the Schmidt decomposition method. The
time-dependence of entanglement entropy and the effective Schmidt number are
derived for Gaussian amplitudes. In particular we show how the entanglement is
controlled by the initial fluctuations of atoms and photons.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Comment on ''the controlled charge ordering and evidence of the metallic state in PrCaMnO films''
In a recent paper (2000 \QTR{it}{J. Phys.: Condens. Matter} \QTR{bf}{12}
L133) Lee \QTR{it}{et al.} have studied the transport properties of
PrCaMnO thin films. They claimed that they are able to
controlled the charge-ordered (CO) state by the lattice strains. We propose
herein another alternative since another indexation of the orientation of the
film can be found leading to almost no distortion of the cell, as compared to
the bulk compound.Comment: 2 page
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