Energy efficiency in buildings

Generally existing buildings are responsible for over 40% of the world's primary energy consumption and account for 34% of world CO2 emissions. Currently, most of the housing fund of Kazakhstan falls on old energy inefficient buildings constructed during the Soviet Union, in a period between 1956-1989, is found to be inefficient by international standards. Their energy consumption reaches 13.5% and 24% of electrical and heating energy consequently. At the same time the statistical data of 2009 shows that the housing fund of Kazakhstan is about 160 million square meters and it projected to continue growing in the next 5 years. The expected increase in housing construction will lead to higher energy consumption coming from space heating and air-conditioning systems, higher GHG emissions, and development of unsustainable energy supply that will result to energy insecurity

Energy efficiency in buildings

Generally existing buildings are responsible for over 40% of the world's primary energy consumption and account for 34% of world CO2 emissions. Currently, most of the housing fund of Kazakhstan falls on old energy inefficient buildings constructed during the Soviet Union, in a period between 1956-1989, is found to be inefficient by international standards. Their energy consumption reaches 13.5% and 24% of electrical and heating energy consequently. At the same time the statistical data of 2009 shows that the housing fund of Kazakhstan is about 160 million square meters and it projected to continue growing in the next 5 years. The expected increase in housing construction will lead to higher energy consumption coming from space heating and air-conditioning systems, higher GHG emissions, and development of unsustainable energy supply that will result to energy insecurity

Анализ состояния безопасности дорожного движения в Республике Казахстан

The article presents the results of the study of the road traffic safety on the automobile roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan. We performed the analysis of the main indicators, specifying the state of the road traffic safety on the automobile roads of the republican significance of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In many regulatory acts, such as “The Priority Action Plan for Improving the Road Traffic Safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2017–2020”, developed with the support of the Asian Development Bank, and in the “National Concept of Road Traffic Safety” project as well , developed by the Interdepartmental Research Institute called “The Academy of Law Enforcement Agencies” of the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the urgent need to improve road traffic safety is clearly pointed. At the same time, it is necessary to have the information about the extent of the existing problem in the field of road traffic safety, which is ensured by the constant consideration and analysis of the statistical indicators, as well as by planning appropriate measures aimed at correcting the situation and achieving planned indicators in the framework of, for example, the national concept of road traffic safety. Currently, statistics on road traffic accidents, occurring in Kazakhstan, are published by the Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Committee on Legal Statistics and Special Accounting. However in the current situation, this is not enough, especially since the ARC MIID of the Republic of Kazakhstan outlined the program of actions aimed at eliminating the existing shortcomings in the field of the road traffic safety and significant improving its indicators. The analytical investigation of the status of the road traffic safety on the roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out. This will become a kind of starting point in the consistent work in this direction, which will provide the interested parties, first of all the experts, with the high-quality and reliable information about the main figures, characterizing the state of safety of the road users. Based on objective accident data, it is possible to take the effective measures aimed at improving the situation on the roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan.В статье представлены результаты исследования безопасности дорожного движения и проведен анализ основных показателей, определяющих состояние безопасности дорожного движения на автомобильных дорогах республиканского значения Казахстана. Во многих распорядительных документах, таких, например, как «Приоритетный план действий по повышению безопасности дорожного движения в Республике Казахстан на 2017–2020 годы», разработанном при поддержке Азиатского банка развития, а также в проекте «Национальная концепция безопасности дорожного движения», подготовленном Межведомственным научно-исследовательским институтом «Академия правоохранительных органов» Генеральной прокуратуры Республики Казахстан, четко указана острая необходимость повышения безопасности дорожного движения. В то же время необходимо иметь информацию о масштабах существующей проблемы в области безопасности дорожного движения, что обеспечивается постоянным изучением и анализом статистических показателей, а также планированием соответствующих мер, направленных на исправление ситуации и достижение запланированных показателей в рамках, например, Национальной концепции безопасности дорожного движения. В настоящее время статистика дорожно-транспортных происшествий, происходящих в стране, публикуется Комитетом по статистике Республики Казахстан и Комитетом по правовой статистике и специальному учету. Однако в сложившейся ситуации этого недостаточно, тем более что Министерство индустрии и инфраструктурного развития Республики Казахстан наметило программу действий, направленную на устранение существующих недостатков в области безопасности дорожного движения и значительное улучшение ее показателей. Проведено аналитическое исследование состояния безопасности дорожного движения. Это станет своего рода отправной точкой в последовательной работе в данном направлении, которая предоставит заинтересованным сторонам, в первую очередь экспертам, качественную и достоверную информацию об основных показателях, характеризующих состояние безопасности участников дорожного движения. Исходя из объективных данных о ДТП, можно принять эффективные меры, направленные на улучшение ситуации на дорогах Республики Казахстан

Epidemiological and Economic Evaluation of a Pilot Prostate Cancer Screening Program

Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer, and the sixth most common killer among men worldwide (Aubry et al., 2013). This research was motivated by the fact that PCa screening continues to be a controversial topic in the Kazakh medical community. This study aimed at description of how newly diagnosed PCa patients are managed in Pavlodar region of the Kazakhstan Republic and at presentation of a budget impact analysis (BIA) for PCa screening program. Also, we aimed to provide a comparative analysis of pricing system on medical services applied in both private and public healthcare sectors of the Kazakhstan Republic. Methods. New cases of PCa have been retrospectively analyzed for the period from January 2013 to December 2017 based on the information obtained from information system "Policlinic" maintained by the Pavlodar regional branch of the Republican Center for Electronic Health and from Cancer Registry of Pavlodar Regional Oncology Center. All data were analyzed with the help of SPSS 20.0 software. Results. The mean age of PCa patients was 68.34 years (SD = 8.559). The government of Kazakhstan invested 20,437,000 KZT (Kazakhstani tenge) in 2017 equivalently 61,188 USD - to fund a pilot study for examination of 9638 men. From 2013 to 2017, out of 49,334 men residing in Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan 1,248 men were diagnosed with prostate diseases, including 130 PCa cases. The PCa detection rate was equal to two cases per month. Only 22.8% of all PCa cases identified in the region within specified time period were revealed as a result of the government-funded PCa screening program. The average prostate cancer detection rate among the target group of Pavlodar region within the period of 5 years was equal to 0.23%. Conclusion. Based on the fact that the PCa screening program failed to enable adequate detection of new PCa cases, we would not recommend to continue this type of screening unless it is undergone careful revision and replanning

Analysis of the State of the Road Traffic Safety in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The article presents the results of the study of the road traffic safety on the automobile roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan. We performed the analysis of the main indicators, specifying the state of the road traffic safety on the automobile roads of the republican significance of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In many regulatory acts, such as “The Priority Action Plan for Improving the Road Traffic Safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2017–2020”, developed with the support of the Asian Development Bank, and in the “National Concept of Road Traffic Safety” project as well , developed by the Interdepartmental Research Institute called “The Academy of Law Enforcement Agencies” of the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the urgent need to improve road traffic safety is clearly pointed. At the same time, it is necessary to have the information about the extent of the existing problem in the field of road traffic safety, which is ensured by the constant consideration and analysis of the statistical indicators, as well as by planning appropriate measures aimed at correcting the situation and achieving planned indicators in the framework of, for example, the national concept of road traffic safety. Currently, statistics on road traffic accidents, occurring in Kazakhstan, are published by the Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Committee on Legal Statistics and Special Accounting. However in the current situation, this is not enough, especially since the ARC MIID of the Republic of Kazakhstan outlined the program of actions aimed at eliminating the existing shortcomings in the field of the road traffic safety and significant improving its indicators. The analytical investigation of the status of the road traffic safety on the roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out. This will become a kind of starting point in the consistent work in this direction, which will provide the interested parties, first of all the experts, with the high-quality and reliable information about the main figures, characterizing the state of safety of the road users. Based on objective accident data, it is possible to take the effective measures aimed at improving the situation on the roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Analysis of the State of the Road Traffic Safety in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The article presents the results of the study of the road traffic safety on the automobile roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan. We performed the analysis of the main indicators, specifying the state of the road traffic safety on the automobile roads of the republican significance of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In many regulatory acts, such as “The Priority Action Plan for Improving the Road Traffic Safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2017–2020”, developed with the support of the Asian Development Bank, and in the “National Concept of Road Traffic Safety” project as well , developed by the Interdepartmental Research Institute called “The Academy of Law Enforcement Agencies” of the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the urgent need to improve road traffic safety is clearly pointed. At the same time, it is necessary to have the information about the extent of the existing problem in the field of road traffic safety, which is ensured by the constant consideration and analysis of the statistical indicators, as well as by planning appropriate measures aimed at correcting the situation and achieving planned indicators in the framework of, for example, the national concept of road traffic safety. Currently, statistics on road traffic accidents, occurring in Kazakhstan, are published by the Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Committee on Legal Statistics and Special Accounting. However in the current situation, this is not enough, especially since the ARC MIID of the Republic of Kazakhstan outlined the program of actions aimed at eliminating the existing shortcomings in the field of the road traffic safety and significant improving its indicators. The analytical investigation of the status of the road traffic safety on the roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out. This will become a kind of starting point in the consistent work in this direction, which will provide the interested parties, first of all the experts, with the high-quality and reliable information about the main figures, characterizing the state of safety of the road users. Based on objective accident data, it is possible to take the effective measures aimed at improving the situation on the roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan.</jats:p

Анализ состояния безопасности дорожного движения в Республике Казахстан

The article presents the results of the study of the road traffic safety on the automobile roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan. We performed the analysis of the main indicators, specifying the state of the road traffic safety on the automobile roads of the republican significance of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In many regulatory acts, such as “The Priority Action Plan for Improving the Road Traffic Safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2017–2020”, developed with the support of the Asian Development Bank, and in the “National Concept of Road Traffic Safety” project as well , developed by the Interde-partmental Research Institute called “The Academy of Law Enforcement Agencies” of the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the urgent need to improve road traffic safety is clearly pointed. At the same time, it is necessary to have the information about the extent of the existing problem in the field of road traffic safety, which is ensured by the constant consideration and analysis of the statistical indicators, as well as by planning appropriate measures aimed at correcting the situation and achieving planned indicators in the framework of, for example, the national concept of road traffic safety. Currently, statistics on road traffic accidents, occurring in Kazakhstan, are published by the Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Committee on Legal Statistics and Special Accounting. However in the current situation, this is not enough, especially since the ARC MIID of the Republic of Kazakhstan outlined the program of actions aimed at eliminating the existing shortcomings in the field of the road traffic safety and significant improving its indicators. The analytical investigation of the status of the road traffic safety on the roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out. This will become a kind of starting point in the consistent work in this direction, which will provide the interested parties, first of all the experts, with the high-quality and reliable information about the main figures, characterizing the state of safety of the road users. Based on objective accident data, it is possible to take the effective measures aimed at improving the situation on the roads of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Assimilation of ice compactness data in a strong coupling regime in the ocean – sea ice coupled model

Abstract. The Arctic Ocean plays an important role in the global climate system, where sea ice regulates the exchange of heat, moisture and momentum between the atmosphere and the ocean. A comprehensive analysis and forecast of the Arctic ocean system requires a detailed numerical ocean and sea ice coupled model supplemented by assimilation of observational data at appropriate time scales. A new operative ocean – ice state forecast system was developed and implemented. It consists of the INMIO4.1 ocean general circulation model and the CICE5.1 sea ice dynamics and thermodynamics model with common spatial resolution of 0.25°. For the exchange of boundary conditions and service actions (data storage, time synchronization, etc.), the coupled model uses the Compact Modeling Framework (CMF3.0). Data assimilation is implemented in the form of the Data Assimilation Service (DAS) based on the Ensemble Optimal Interpolation (EnOI) method. This technique allows to simultaneously correct the ocean (temperature, salinity, surface level) and ice (concentration) model fields in the DAS service, so they are coordinated not only through the exchange of boundary conditions, but already at the stage of data assimilation (i.e. strong coupling data assimilation). Experiments with the INMIO – CICE model show that the developed algorithm provides a significant improvement in the accuracy of forecasting the state of the ice field in the Arctic Ocean. </jats:p