Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid Scaffold Coupled to CpG and MAGE-A5 as a Treatment against Murine Melanoma

The half-time of cells and molecules used in immunotherapy is limited. Scaffolds-based immunotherapy against cancer may increase the half-life of the molecules and also support the migration and activation of leukocytes in situ. For this purpose, the use of gelatin (Ge)/hyaluronic acid (HA) scaffolds coupled to CpG and the tumor antigen MAGE-A5 is proposed. Ge and HA are components of the extracellular matrix that stimulate cell adhesion and activation of leucocytes; CpG can promote dendritic cell maturation, and MAGE-A5 a specific antitumor response. C57BL/6 mice were treated with Ge/HA/scaffolds coupled to MAGE-A5 and/or CpG and then challenged with the B16-F10 melanoma cell line. Survival, tumor growth rate and the immune response induced by the scaffolds were analyzed. Ge/HA/CpG and Ge/HA/MAGE-A5 mediated dendritic cell maturation and macrophage activation, increased survival, and decreased the tumor growth rate and a tumor parenchyma with abundant cell death areas and abundant tumor cells with melanin granules. Only the scaffolds coupled to MAGE-A5 induced the activation of CD8 T cells. In conclusion, Ge/HA scaffolds coupled to CpG or MAGE-A5, but not the mixture, can induce a successful immune response capable of promoting tumor cell clearance and increased survival

Análisis gravimétrico y cálculo de la fuerza de un líquido en el volcán La Malinche, Puebla-Tlaxcala, México

The present work seeks to contribute with a gravimetric analysis of La Malinche volcaniuytre, through as references 39 points defined within the protected natural area of its National Park, calculating free air and Bouguer anomalies, as well as the force of a liquid in an intermittent current, with the objective of determining the behavior of water and gravity with respect to the pronounced slope in the southwest of the building, through the EIGEN-6C4 gravimetric model. The results show Bouguer's anomalies with negative values and positive values for the free air anomalies, showing a behavior inversely proportional between the height of the point and the gravity. With respect to the analysis of the force of water, a behavior inversely proportional to the slope is shown, with an average value of 8919.062093 N/m3.El presente trabajo busca contribuir con un análisis gravimétrico del volcán La Malinche, tomando como referencias 39 puntos definidos dentro del área natural protegida de su Parque Nacional, calculando anomalías de aire libre y Bouguer, así como la fuerza de un líquido en una corriente intermitente, con el objetivo de determinar el comportamiento del agua y la gravedad respecto de la pendiente pronunciada en el suroeste del edificio, a través del modelo gravimétrico EIGEN-6C4. Los resultados muestran anomalías de Bouguer con valores negativos y valores positivos para las anomalías de aire libre, mostrando un comportamiento inversamente proporcional entre la altura del punto y la gravedad. Respecto al análisis de la fuerza del agua se muestra un comportamiento inversamente proporcional a la pendiente, con valor promedio de 8919.062093 N/m3

Sensibilización a aeroalérgenos intradomiciliarios en pacientes pediátricos atendidos en el Servicio de Alergia del Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", UANL

Los alérgenos intradomiciliaros son la principal causa de sensibilización alérgica en la edad pediátrica, lo cual es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de asma y otras enfermedades alérgicas

Angiodema hereditario: Presentación de dos casos

El angiodema hereditario es una enfermedad autosómica dominante, originada por deficiencia del inhibidor de C1, que puede manifestarse con edema facial, laríngeo, genital, intraabdominal o de extremidades