SRGN Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis as a Critical Downstream Target of HIF-1α

Background/Aims: The chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan serglycin (SRGN), a hematopoietic cell granule proteoglycan, has been implicated in promoting tumor metastasis; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the SRGN gene expression and its regulation as downstream signaling of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and tissues. Methods: The expression of SRGN was analyzed in CRC specimens for its correlation with progression and metastasis. Using chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP), quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, and transwell assay, the functional role and underlying mechanism of SRGN in CRC metastasis were elucidated. Thus, this study provides evidence of a critical role of SRGN in metastatic progression of CRC. Results: Our results indicated that SRGN overexpression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in CRC specimens. SRGN overexpression promoted CRC cell migration and invasion in vitro; however, SRGN depletion exhibited contrasting effects. Mechanistic investigations revealed that HIF-1α regulated SRGN transcription via physically binding to a hypoxia response element in its promoter region. Conclusions: In conclusion, we demonstrated that dysregulated HIF-1α/SRGN signaling promotes CRC progression and metastasis. SRGN may serve as a potential candidate therapeutic target for metastatic CRC

Nonlinear Effects of Governmental and Civil Environmental Regulation on Green Total Factor Productivity in China

This paper employs metafrontier Malmquist-Luenberger index to measure green total factor productivity and then builds panel model to investigate the nonlinear effects of both governmental and civil environmental regulation on green total factor productivity in 30 provinces of China in 2007–2016, where the threshold variables are environmental awareness and regulatory foundation. The results show that green total factor productivity takes the characteristic of cyclical fluctuation, and the magnitude and its growth rate in the eastern region are higher than those in the midwestern region. The degrees of the governmental and civil environmental regulation and green total factor productivity display single environmental awareness threshold and regulatory foundation threshold. It should be noted that the sign of governmental and civil environmental regulation on green total factor productivity will transform from negative to positive, if and only if threshold variables ascend and surpass the threshold value. Under the condition of metafrontier technology, governmental environmental awareness threshold value, based on the investigated corruption and malpractice cases by the procuratorates among every hundred thousand people, reaches 0.2158, and civil environmental awareness threshold value based on the per capita education level will attain 12.2330 years, and the corresponding regulatory foundation index threshold values are 0.0163 and 0.0154. These findings show clear policy implications: rather than continually promoting the level of governmental environmental regulation, civil performance, environmental awareness, and regulatory foundation should be considered

Improvement of Different Types of Environmental Regulations on Total Factor Productivity: A Threshold Effect Analysis

Based on the distinction of different types of environmental regulations, this paper attempts to test the threshold effect of environmental regulation on the total factor productivity (TFP) by employing a panel threshold model and a province-level panel data set during 2006–2016. Research results show that the influence of command-and-control and market incentive environmental regulation on the total factor productivity has a single threshold conversion characteristic of foreign direct investment (FDI) and financial scale, but the impact behavior and influence degree around the threshold are inconsistent. The effect of voluntary conscious environmental regulation on the total factor productivity has a single threshold conversion feature of human capital, and moderately enhanced intensity of environmental regulation is conducive to promoting the total factor productivity after crossing the threshold. Finally, in order to enhance the regional total factor productivity, relevant policy recommendations are proposed

Improving Farmer Willingness to Participate in the Transfer of Land Rights in Rural China: A Preference-Based Income Distribution Scheme

Promoting the transfer of rural land is an important way for many developing countries to improve the efficiency of rural land use and develop the rural economy. A reasonable income distribution scheme (IDS) is the key to enhancing farmer willingness to participate in the transfer of rural construction land use rights. However, little attention has been paid to farmers’ preference for the IDS of the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights. This research aims to detect the farmers’ preference for IDS in the process of rural collective land rights transfer. Based on the survey data of 489 farmers in Liuyang City, Hunan Province and Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, China, a random parameter Logit model is used to explore their preference for the IDS of the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights. The results show that, in general, the farmers focus on the income distribution ratio and pension in the IDS, which will significantly improve their utility. There are obvious regional differences in their preference for IDSs. For example, farmers in Liuyang prefer payment in shares, while those in Deqing prefer cash. Thus, the IDS for the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights should be based on the basic principle of ensuring fair land value-added income for the farmers, increased payment forms with social security functions, and reasonable IDSs in accord with the preferences of farmers in different regions, so as to enhance farmer willingness to participate

Improving Farmer Willingness to Participate in the Transfer of Land Rights in Rural China: A Preference-Based Income Distribution Scheme

Promoting the transfer of rural land is an important way for many developing countries to improve the efficiency of rural land use and develop the rural economy. A reasonable income distribution scheme (IDS) is the key to enhancing farmer willingness to participate in the transfer of rural construction land use rights. However, little attention has been paid to farmers’ preference for the IDS of the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights. This research aims to detect the farmers’ preference for IDS in the process of rural collective land rights transfer. Based on the survey data of 489 farmers in Liuyang City, Hunan Province and Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, China, a random parameter Logit model is used to explore their preference for the IDS of the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights. The results show that, in general, the farmers focus on the income distribution ratio and pension in the IDS, which will significantly improve their utility. There are obvious regional differences in their preference for IDSs. For example, farmers in Liuyang prefer payment in shares, while those in Deqing prefer cash. Thus, the IDS for the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights should be based on the basic principle of ensuring fair land value-added income for the farmers, increased payment forms with social security functions, and reasonable IDSs in accord with the preferences of farmers in different regions, so as to enhance farmer willingness to participate

<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-US">Preparation of carbazole and dibenzofuran derivatives by selective b<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-US">romination<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-US"> on a<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-US">romatic<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-US"> rings<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-US"> <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-US">or <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-US">benzylic g<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-US">roups with <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-US">N</span></i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-US">-bromosuccinimide<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-US"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

635-641<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS), a bromine source, has been used to study the bromination of toluidine and cresols systematically to clarify the underlying mechanism and the orientation effect. It has been found that bromination of toluidine and cresols which possess electron-donating NH2/OH with NBS gives electrophilic aromatic substitution products quickly instead of the desired benzylic bromination products. In contrast, when the electronic effect of the substituted groups is reversed, only the benzylic bromination products are gained. Based on this methodology, several potential AChE inhibitors, such as 2-methoxy-5-(benzylamino)methyl-dibenzofuran, 3-bromo-2-methoxy-5-met-hyl-9H-carbazole, 3,6-dibromo-2-methoxy-5-methyl-9H-carb-azole, and 5-(bromomethyl)-2-methoxy-9H-(phenylsulfonyl)-carbazole have been synthesized

Trajectory Tracking Control in Real-Time of Dual-Motor-Driven Driverless Racing Car Based on Optimal Control Theory and Fuzzy Logic Method

To improve the accuracy and timeliness of the trajectory tracking control of the driverless racing car during the race, this paper proposes a track tracking control method that integrates the rear wheel differential drive and the front wheel active steering based on optimal control theory and fuzzy logic method. The model of the lateral track tracking error of the racing car is established. The model is linearized and discretized, and the quadratic optimal steering control problem is constructed. Taking advantage of the differential drive of dual-motor-driven racing car, the dual motors differential drive fuzzy controller is designed and integrated driving with active steering control. Simulation analysis and actual car verification show that this integrated control method can ensure that the car tracks different race tracks well and improve the track tracking control accuracy by nearly 30%

Effect of TiO2 size factor on the electrical properties of polyethylene matrix dielectrics

In this study, the TiO2 nanoparticles and TiO2 nanofibers were chosen as inorganic fillers to dope into the linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). The TiO2 nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning method, the diameter and length of TiO2 nanofibers were about 100 nm–200 nm and 3 μm–4 μm, respectively, and the size of the purchased TiO2 nanoparticles was about 100 nm–200 nm. The microstructure of TiO2 fillers and their composites was analyzed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The breakdown field strength and space charge characteristics of the LLDPE/TiO2 nanoparticles and LLDPE/TiO2 nanofiber composites with different sizes of inorganic fillers were investigated. The results showed that the LLDPE/TiO2 nanofiber composites had higher breakdown strength than LLDPE/TiO2 nanoparticle composites at the same doping content. The breakdown strength of 0.5 wt% LLDPE/TiO2 nanofiber composites (237 kV/mm) was higher than that of pure LLDPE (223 kV/mm) and 0.5 wt% LLDPE/TiO2 nanoparticle composites (205 kV/mm). In addition, the space charge accumulation and electric field distortion in the composites were significantly relieved by doping TiO2 nanofibers compared with that of doping TiO2 nanoparticles. Keywords: TiO2, LLDPE, Breakdown field strength, Space charge, Size effec

Pan-cancer analysis of super-enhancer-induced LINC00862 and validation as a SIRT1-promoting factor in cervical cancer and gastric cancer

Immune checkpoints inhibitors are effective but it needs more precise biomarkers for patient selection. We explored the biological significance of LINC00862 in pan-cancer by bioinformatics. And we studied its regulatory mechanisms using chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA immunoprecipitation assays etc. TCGA and single-cell sequencing data analysis indicated that LINC00862 was overexpressed in the majority of tumor and stromal cells, which was related with poor prognosis. LINC00862 expression was related with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints expression, and had a high predictive value for immunotherapy efficacy. Mechanistically, LINC00862 competitively bound to miR-29c-3p to unleash SIRT1’s tumor-promoting function. SIRT1 inhibitor-EX527 were screened by virtual screening and verified by in vitro and vivo assays. Notably, acetyltransferase P300-mediated super-enhancer activity stimulated LINC00862 transcription. Collectively, LINC00862 could be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. LINC00862 could also be a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy efficacy. Super-enhancer activity is the driver for LINC00862 overexpression in cervical cancer and gastric cancer